វិធីសាស្រ្តបណ្ដុះបណ្ដាលបុគ្គលិក / Employee Training Methods
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ជ្រើសរើសប្រភេទបណ្ដុះបណ្ដាល ឬបើកមើលទាំងអស់
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១) បណ្ដុះបណ្ដាលនៅកន្លែងធ្វើការ (On-the-Job Training)
អត្ថប្រយោជន៍: រៀនលើឧបករណ៍ពិត ងាយអនុវត្ត លទ្ធផលឆាប់ឃើញ។
Benefits: Real tools, immediate practice, fast learning loop.
របៀបអនុវត្ត
How to run
- Mentor–Mentee: អ្នកជំនាញចាស់ណែនាំអ្នកថ្មី 1–2 សប្តាហ៍ដំបូង
- Mentor–Mentee: senior pairs with new hire for 1–2 weeks
- Job shadowing: អនុវត្តតាមជំហាន + សុវត្ថិភាពជាមុន
- Job shadowing with safety briefing first
Checklist
- Toolbox talk 15–20m
- PPE check (helmet, gloves, boots)
- Day goal & QA point (what “good” looks like)
២) បណ្ដុះបណ្ដាលក្រៅកន្លែងធ្វើការ (Off-the-Job)
អត្ថប្រយោជន៍: ផ្តោតការរៀនបានពេញលេញ ពង្រឹងទ្រឹស្តី និងស្តង់ដារ។
Benefits: Focused learning, theory & standards reinforcement.
- Workshops/Seminars (QC/QA, 5S, Safety Induction)
- Vendor demo (new materials, tools)
- Certification refresh (e.g., scaffolding, electrical lockout)
៣) បណ្ដុះបណ្ដាលតាមគម្រោង (Project-Based)
ផ្តល់ Mini-project ដឹកនាំដោយបុគ្គលិកដើម្បីរៀន “Ownership”.
Assign mini-projects to build ownership and leadership.
| Role | Sample Mini-Project | Deliverable |
|---|---|---|
| Site Engineer | 3-week schedule for toilet block | Gantt + % complete report |
| Foreman | Concrete pour method statement | Checklist + manpower plan |
| QC | Masonry QA sampling plan | Sampling sheet + NCR flow |
៤) Role-Play (ទំនាក់ទំនង & ដោះស្រាយបញ្ហា)
ហាត់សន្ទនាជាមួយម្ចាស់គម្រោង/អតិថិជនពេលមានការពន្យារ ឬបញ្ហាគុណភាព។
Practice tough conversations (delay, defects, scope changes).
Script ខ្លី (Sample):
Quick script:
Sarim: “Good morning, Mr. Chan—may I confirm your main concern today?”
Client: “The tile work is slow.”
Sarim: “We’ve added 2 masons and split the area into zones. New finish date: 28-Oct. Daily photo report 5pm.”
៥) E-Learning / LMS
- វីដេអូខ្លី 3–7 នាទី៖ Safety, 5S, Rebar tying, Tile layout
- Short videos (3–7 min): safety, 5S, rebar tying, tile layout
- Micro-quiz (5 questions) + badge
- Track completion rate per team
៦) Apprenticeship / Internship
Pair ជាងចាស់-ជាងថ្មី (2–3 ខែ) មាន Target weekly (speed, quality, safety).
Senior–junior pairing with weekly targets & review.
- Weekly goal sheet (m²/day, defects/week)
- Shadow → Assist → Lead ladder
៧) Simulation / Case Study
Use MS Project / SketchUp to simulate sequencing and constraints.
- Case: concrete cold joint — prevention & NCR workflow
- Case: tile lippage — tolerance & rework plan
Training Matrix (Role × Method)
| Role | On-the-Job | Off-the-Job | Project | Role-Play | E-Learning | Apprentice | Case/Sim |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foreman | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | • | • | ✓ |
| Mason / Tiler | ✓ | • | • | • | ✓ | ✓ | • |
| Electrician | ✓ | ✓ | • | • | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Plumber | ✓ | ✓ | • | • | ✓ | ✓ | • |
| Site Engineer | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | • | ✓ |
| QC / Safety | • | ✓ | • | ✓ | ✓ | • | ✓ |
✓ = primary, • = secondary
30-60-90 Day Plan (Template)
Day 0–30
- Safety induction + PPE issue
- Shadow mentor, pass tool test
- Complete 5 micro-videos + quiz
Day 31–60
- Lead small task (e.g., tile area ≤ 20 m²)
- Attend 1 workshop (QA tolerance)
- Role-play client update
Day 61–90
- Own a mini-project + report % complete
- Pass skill assessment (speed & defects)
- Peer-teach 1 topic (5S or safety)
KPIs
- Output (m²/day), Rework rate, NCR count
- Attendance to training ≥ 90%
- Quiz score ≥ 80%
ប្លង់សំណុំបែបបទ (Forms)
Daily Toolbox Talk
| Date | Topic | Attendees | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| ____ | 5S / Safety | ____ | ____ |
Skill Assessment
| Worker | Skill | Speed | Quality | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ____ | Tile layout | ____ | ____ | ____ |
Tags:
Employee