FOREWORD TO THE 2004 EDITION
แ្แើแ៊ូแុแ S0, S1, S2… แើแ្แីแិแ/แើแแិแ្แแ័แแแแ់แ្แแោแแីแួแแ។ แ៊ូแុแ See all แើแแแ្แ ាแแាแាแ្แែแ + แ្แែแแិแ្แាแាំแ แฉ។ แ្แែแแី แกแ แាแแ៊ូแុแ Back to top of this sentence แើแ្แីแกើแแិแแៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ។
FOREWORD TO THE 2004 EDITION
แិแិแแแ័แ (Foreword) แแ្แាแ់แាแแោះแុแ្แแ្แាំ แขแ แ แค
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
This heading introduces the foreword written specifically for the 2004 edition of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. It signals to the reader that the next pages will provide new context, reflections, or updates that were added many years after the original publication.
KM: แ ំแแแើแแេះแแ្แ ាแแា แឹแแាแ “แិแិแแแ័แ” แฌ Foreword แួแ แែแแแแេแแិแេแแแ្แាแ់แាแแោះแុแ្แ แ្แាំ แขแ แ แค แៃแៀแแៅ The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People។ แាแ្แាแ់แข្แแแขាแแាแំแ័แแแ្แាแ់ แឹแแ្แแ់แแិแแ แាแแិแ ាแแា แฌแាแแแ្แែแแ្แីแ แែแแាแแแ្แែแแแ្แាแ់แីแាแแោះแុแ្แแំแូแแขแ់แแៈแេแแ ្แើแแ្แាំ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
• “Foreword” tells us this is a short introductory piece, usually written by the author or
a respected person, explaining the book’s significance.
• “2004 edition” shows that the book has been reissued, and that by 2004 its ideas were
still important enough to deserve a fresh introduction.
• It prepares the reader’s mind to think about how the world has changed since the first
edition and why the 7 Habits still matter.
KM:
• “Foreword” แាแขแ្แแแแ្แីแួแแแแេแแแ្แាแ់แើแแុแแៀแแៅ ้ๅธธ แោแแข្แแแិแแ្แแฏแ แฌแแុแ្แแំแាแ់แ្แាแ់
แើแ្แីแแ្แแ់แขំแីแាแៈแំแាแ់แៀแแៅ។
• “2004 edition” แแ្แ ាแแាแៀแแៅแ្แូแแាแแោះแុแ្แแกើแแ្แแแៀแ แិแแៅแ្แាំ แขแ แ แค แំแិแแ្แុแแៀแแៅแេះ
แិแแាแ់แ ួแแแ័แแេ។
• แแៀแแ
ំแំแិแแข្แแแขាแแฒ្แแិแแขំแីแាแแ្แែแ្แួแแแแ់แិแแแោแ แ
ាแ់แាំแแីแាแแោះแុแ្แแំแូแ แិแแូแแ េแុแែแ
7 Habits แៅแែแាแแแ្แៃ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- FOREWORD – the short introductory section to a book.
- TO THE 2004 EDITION – specifies the particular version/printing of the book.
KM:
• FOREWORD = แិแិแแแ័แ / แើแแៅแូแ
แា “แំแแแแแេแแើแแៀแแៅ”។
• TO THE 2004 EDITION = แแ្แាแ់แាแแោះแុแ្แแំแែแ្แាំ แขแ แ แค แាแ់แាแ់។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- foreword – แិแិแแแ័แ / แขแ្แแแแើแแៀแแៅ (แិแแូแ “forward” = แៅแុแ)
- edition – แំแែแោះแុแ្แ / แាแแោះแុแ្แแ្แแแាแួแ (แง. 1st edition, 2nd edition)
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• The phrase is written in all capital letters because it is a formal heading.
• Preposition to is used in “foreword to the 2004 edition” to show which edition the
foreword belongs to.
• In normal sentence form it would be: “Foreword to the 2004 edition.”
KM:
• แแแេแแាแแ្แแៈแขแ្แแแំแាំแแขแ់ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแាแ
ំแแแើแแួแ។
• แ្แើแាแ្แ to แ្แុแ “foreword to the 2004 edition” แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแแាแ់แแ – foreword แแ្แាแ់
แំแែแ្แុแแ្แាំ แขแ แ แค។
• แ្แแោแแแ្แแា៖ “Foreword to the 2004 edition.”
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
This is not a full sentence but a noun phrase heading. It functions as a title, so it does not need a verb or subject.
KM: แេះแិแแែแแាแ្แแោแแេแแេแแេ แែแា แ្แុแแាแ แែแแ្แិแแៅแីแាំแ “แ ំแแแើแ” แូแ ្แេះแាแិแแ ាំแាแ ់ แ្แូแแាแแិแិแាแ័แ្แ แฌแ្แแាแแกើแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- foreword – noun
- edition – noun
- 2004 – number used as an adjective (describes which edition)
- to – preposition
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
In many classic books, new editions (10th anniversary, 25th anniversary, etc.) receive a new foreword. It shows the book has endured over time and is still influential. For The 7 Habits, a 2004 foreword shows that its principles were still shaping leaders and organizations many years after the original release.
KM: แ្แុแแៀแแៅแ្แាแ៊ីแแាแ ្แើแ แាแแោះแុแ្แแំแែแ្แី (แง. แกแ แ្แាំ แขแ แ្แាំ) แឹแแាแ Foreword แ្แីแแแแ្แែแ។ แាแแ្แ ាแแាแៀแแៅแាแแីแិแแូแ แិแแៅแែแាแแฅแ្แិแแ។ แ ំแោះ The 7 Habits แាแแាแ Foreword แៅแ្แាំ แขแ แ แค แแ្แ ាแแាแแ្แឹះแៃแុแ แិแแแ៌ แិแแ្แแិแ្แแាแแៅแែแួแแแ្แើแแេแឹแแាំ แិแแ្แាแ័แแាแ ្แើแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
This heading itself does not use phrasal verbs, but when you use it in a sentence you might say:
• “In the foreword to the 2004 edition, the author explains…”
KM:
แ
ំแแแើแแេះแិแแាแแិแិแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แាแ់แេ แ៉ុแ្แែแขាแ
แ្แើแ្แុแแ្แแោแแូแ
แា៖
• “แ្แុแ foreword to the 2004 edition แข្แแแិแแ្แแាแแแ្แแ់แា…”
แៅแីแេះ “foreword to” แើแแៅแូแ
แាแ្แុแแាแ្แแ្แើแាแแៀแแិแាแแូแៅ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
The world has changed dramatically since The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People was first published. Life is more complex, more stressful, more demanding. We have transitioned from the Industrial Age into the Information / Knowledge Worker Age—with all of its profound consequences. We face challenges and problems in our personal lives, our families, and our organizations unimagined even one and two decades ago. These challenges are not only of a new order of magnitude, they are altogether different in kind.
แិแแแោแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ แ ាแ់แាំแแីแៀแแៅ The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People แ្แូแแាแแោះแុแ្แแើแแំแូแ។ แីแិแแាแ់แែแ្แុแแ្แាแ แាแแแ្แាแ แិแแាแแแ្แូแแាแแ្แแ់แាแแុแ។ แើแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแីแុแแงแ្แាแ แแ្แ แៅแแแុแแ័แ៌แាแ / แុแแแ្แแแแ ំแេះแឹแ แែแแាแแแแ៉ះแាแ់แ្แាแแ្แៅ។ แើแแំแុแแ្แแแแុแแឹแแแ្แ ា แិแแแ្แ ាแ្แแแแ្แុแแីแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แ្แុแแ្แួแាแ แិแแ្แុแแขแ្แแាแ แែแแិแแែแแេแ แ់แឹแแ្แแៃแេ แូแ្แីแែแុแแេះแែแก แฌแขแแแแ្แแុแ។ แแ្แ ាแាំแแេះแិแแែแแ្แាแ់แែแំแាแแុแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแแ្แแៈแុแแ្แែแแីแុแแាំแแ្แុแ។
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN (summary meaning):
Covey’s children explain that the world is very different now compared to when The 7 Habits first came out. Life has become more complicated and stressful, and we have moved from the old Industrial Age into an era where information and knowledge workers dominate. Because of this shift, we now face new kinds of personal, family, and organizational problems that are not only bigger, but also completely different from what people faced a few decades ago.
KM (แแแ្แែแขแ្แแ័แ): แូแแแแแ់ Covey แแ្แแ់แា แិแแแោแแแ្แแ្แៃแុแแីแ្แៃแែแแៀแแៅ The 7 Habits แ េแแើแแំแូแแ៉ាแแ្แាแแ្แៅ។ แីแិแแាแแាแแ្แុแแ្แាแ แិแแាแแแ្แាแแ ្แើแแាแแុแ แ ើแแើแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแីแុแแงแ្แាแ แแ្แแៅแាแ់แុแแ័แ៌แាแ แិแแុแแแ្แแแแ ំแេះแឹแ។ แោแแាแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแេះ แើแแំแុแแ្แแแ แុแแឹแแแ្แ ា แិแแแ្แ ាแ្แแแแ្แីแ แ្แុแแីแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แ្แួแាแ แិแแขแ្แแាแ แែแแុแแេះแិแแាแ់แេแឹแแ្แแៃแแ់แแ។ แាแិแแែแแ្แឹแแែ “แំแាแ” แแ្แ ាแ ាแ់แแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแ្แ ាแ្แแេแแ្แី แែแแាแแแាแแុแแ្แែแแីแុแแាំแแ្แុแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
• The author is setting the stage: the 7 Habits are being re-introduced into a world that is more
complex and demanding than before.
• “Industrial Age” vs. “Information / Knowledge Worker Age” suggests a shift from physical labor
and factories to thinking work, technology, and data.
• The phrase “unimagined even one and two decades ago” shows how fast change has happened.
• “Not only of a new order of magnitude… different in kind” means problems are not simply
bigger; they are qualitatively different and need new ways of thinking.
KM:
• แข្แแแិแแ្แแំแុแแៀแแ
ំแแិแแแា 7 Habits แ្แូแแាแแแแแแแ្แแ់แกើแแិแ แៅแ្แុแแិแแแោแแែแ “แំแាแ” แិแ
“แแ្แូแแ្แแ់” แាแแុแ។
• “Industrial Age” แ្แៀแแៀแแឹแ “Information / Knowledge Worker Age” แแ្แ ាแแីแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแីแាแแ្แើแាแ
แ្แើแแ្แាំแแាแ แិแแោแแ
แ្แ แៅแាแแ្แើแាแแែแแ្แขែแแើแ
ំแេះแឹแ แแ
្แ
េแแិแ្แា แិแแแ៌แាแ។
• “Unimagined even one and two decades ago” แแ្แ ាแแាแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแៅแិแแแោแแាแแើแแกើแแឿแแាแ់។
• “Not only of a new order of magnitude… different in kind” แាแแ័แแា แแ្แ ាแិแแែแแ្แាแ់แែแំ แฌแ
្แើแแាแแុแแេ
แែแាแแ្แ ាแ្แแេแแ្แី แែแแ្แូแแាแแแៀแแិแแ្แីแែแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- 1) The world has changed dramatically since The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People was first published.
- 2) Life is more complex, more stressful, more demanding.
- 3) We have transitioned from the Industrial Age into the Information / Knowledge Worker Age—with all of its profound consequences.
- 4) We face challenges and problems in our personal lives, our families, and our organizations unimagined even one and two decades ago.
- 5) These challenges are not only of a new order of magnitude, they are altogether different in kind.
KM แแ្แេแ៖
1) แិแแแោแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ แ
ាแ់แាំแแីแ្แៃแែแ 7 Habits แ្แូแแាแแោះแុแ្แ។
2) แីแិแแាแ់แែแ្แុแแ្แាแ แាแแแ្แាแ แិแแាแแាแแ
្แើแแกើแ។
3) แើแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแីแុแแงแ្แាแ แแ្แแៅแាแ់แុแแ័แ៌แាแ / แុแแแ្แแแแ
ំแេះแឹแ។
4) แើแแ្แแแแុแแឹแแแ្แ ាแាแាแ្แុแแីแិแ แ្แះ แិแแាแแាแ แែแแុแแេះ แกแ –แขแ แ្แាំแិแแាแ់แេแឹแแ្แแៃ។
5) แแ្แ ាแ្แីแแិแแែแแ្แឹแแែ “แំแាแแុแ” แេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแ្แ ាแ្แแេแแ្แី แាแ
់แាแแីแុแ។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- dramatically – แ៉ាแแ្แាំแ / แ្แែแ្แួแแ៉ាแแ ្แាแ់
- complex – แ្แុแแ្แាแ แាแแ ្แើแแុแ / แ្แួแแ ្แแแ់
- stressful – แាแแแ្แាแแ្แាំแ แ្แើแฒ្แแេแ្แួแ/แាแแឹแ
- demanding – แแ្แូแแ្แแ់ แ្แើแแ្แាំแแ ិแ្แ แិแแแ្แាំแแាแแ ្แើแ
- transitioned – แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ/แ្แាแ់แ្แូแแីแข្แីแួแแៅแข្แីแួแ
- Industrial Age – แុแแงแ្แាแ แแ្แ (แុแแោแแ แ្แ แแិแแแ្แ)
- Information / Knowledge Worker Age – แុแแ័แ៌แាแ / แុแแแ្แแแแ ំแេះแឹแ
- profound consequences – แแแ៉ះแាแ់แ្แាแแ្แៅ
- unimagined – แិแแែแแេแឹแแ្แแៃ / แិแแួแแฑ្แแឿแាแឹแแើแ
- order of magnitude – แแ្แិแ / แាแ្แแ្แាแ (แំ–แូแ )
- altogether different in kind – แុแแ្แែแแាំแแ្แុแแាแ្แแេแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• “has changed dramatically” – present perfect + adverb, showing change from past up to now.
• “more complex, more stressful, more demanding” – repeated “more” for emphasis (tricolon).
• “We have transitioned from … into …” – present perfect again, marking a completed shift.
• “unimagined even one and two decades ago” – past participle “unimagined” used as adjective.
• Final sentence uses “not only … they are …” structure to contrast size vs. kind.
KM:
• “has changed” (present perfect) = แแ្แ ាแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ แ
ាแ់แីแขแីแแាแแแ ូแแแ់แแ
្แ
ុแ្แแ្แ។
• “more complex, more stressful, more demanding” แ្แើ “more” แ្แួแแ แើแ្แីแាแ់แំแกេแแើแាแแំแាแ។
• “We have transitioned from … into …” แ៏แ្แើ present perfect แែแ แแ្แ ាแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแែแแាแแើแแกើแแួแ
។
• “unimagined” แា past participle แែแแ្แើแាแាแ្แแិแแ៌แា។
• “not only … they are …” แាแแ
แាแแ្แ័แ្แแ្แៀแแៀแ៖ แិแแ្แឹแแែ…แេ แ៉ុแ្แែ…แៀแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
• The paragraph is built from several short and medium-length sentences, each adding a layer of
meaning (change → complexity → historical shift → new challenges → new kind of problems).
• It follows a logical progression: past vs. now → description of life → big historical shift →
new challenges → nature of those challenges.
• This structure prepares the reader to see why the 7 Habits are still needed and maybe even more
necessary today.
KM:
• แแាแแ្แแេះแแាแแกើแแីแ្แแោแแ្แី–แแ្แแ แាแ
្แើแ แោแแួแแแแ្แែแแขแ្แแ័แแំแ ាแแ (แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ →
แីแិแแំแាแ → แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแុแแแ័แ → แแ្แ ាแ្แី → แ្แแេแแแ្แ ាแ្แី)។
• แំแាแ់แំแិแแ
្แាแ់៖ แขแីแแាแแឹแแแ
្แ
ុแ្แแ្แ → แិแแ៌แាแីแិแ → แ្แแแ្แិแាแ្แ្แแុแแ្แី → แแ្แ ាแ្แី →
แแ្แแៈแแ្แ ា។
• แแ
แាแ្แแោแแែแแេះแ្แើแฒ្แแข្แแแขាแแแ់แា แូแแ េแុแข្แីแាแแា 7 Habits แៅแែแំแាแ់ แ ើแแ្แแ ែแแាแំแាแ់
แាแแុแแៀแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- world – noun
- changed – verb (past participle in present perfect: has changed)
- dramatically – adverb (describes how it changed)
- complex / stressful / demanding – adjectives (describe “life”)
- Age – noun (in “Industrial Age,” “Information / Knowledge Worker Age”)
- challenges / problems – plural nouns
- altogether – adverb (completely)
- kind – noun (type/category, not “kind” = “nice”)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This paragraph reflects a common theme in modern leadership and business books: the world has moved from factory-based production to an economy driven by information, technology, and knowledge workers. Stress, speed, and complexity have increased. Covey’s message is that timeless principles (like those in the 7 Habits) are even more valuable when external life becomes more chaotic.
KM: แแាแแ្แแេះแំแាแแฒ្แแំแិแแំแាแ់แួแ แ្แុแแៀแแៅแេแឹแแាំ แិแแขាแីแแแ្แแแ័แแ្แី៖ แិแแแោแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ แីแេแ្แแិแ ្แ แ្แขែแแើแោแแ แ្แ แិแแแិแแแ្แ แ្แោះแៅแាแ់แេแ្แแិแ ្แ แ្แขែแแើแ័แ៌แាแ แแ ្แ េแแិแ្แា แិแแแ្แแแแ ំแេះแឹแ។ แแ្แាแ แ្แឿแ แិแแាแแ្แុแแ្แាแ แើแแกើแ។ Covey แแ្แាแ់แា แៅแេแแាแแ្แៅแាแ់แែแ ្แแូแแ ្แแแ់ แแ្แឹះแីแแแ៌ แិแแោแแាแแ៍แขแ ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍ (แូแ แ្แុแ 7 Habits) แាแ់แែแាแแแ្แៃ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
Some useful verb phrases from (or related to) this paragraph:
• has changed – แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ
• transition from … into … – แ្แាแ់แ្แូแแី…แៅ…
• face challenges – แ្แแแแុแแឹแแแ្แ ា
• deal with complexity (implied) – แោះแ្แាแแឹแแាแแ្แុแแ្แាแ
• live with stress (implied) – แแ់แៅแាแួแแแ្แាแ
KM:
แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ แិแแ្แុแแិแិแាแែแแขាแ
แៀแแីแេះ៖
• has changed = แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ
• transition from … into … = แ្แាแ់แ្แូแแី…แៅ…
• face challenges = แ្แแแแុแแឹแแแ្แ ា
• deal with complexity = แោះแ្แាแแឹแแាแแ្แុแแ្แាแ
• live with stress = แแ់แៅแាแួแแแ្แាแ / แแ់แแ់แឹแแแ្แាแ
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
These sweeping changes in society and rumbling shifts in the digitized global marketplace give rise to a very important question—one I’m asked fairly often: “Are The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People still relevant today?” And for that matter, “Will they be relevant ten, twenty, fifty, one hundred years from now?” My answer: the greater the change and more difficult our challenges, the more relevant the habits become. The reason: our problems and pain are universal and increasing, and the solutions to the problems are and always will be based upon universal, timeless, self-evident principles common to every enduring, prospering society throughout history. I did not invent them and take no credit for them. I’ve simply identified and organized them into a sequential framework.
แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแំแแៅแ្แុแแแ្แแ แិแแាแแ្แែแ្แួแแแ្แិแแ្แាแแ្แៅแៅแ្แុแแីแ្แាแแិแแแោแแែแแ្แូแแាแแីแីแแ
แាแแแ្แើแแំแួแแំแាแ់แួแ แែแแ្แុំแែแแែแ្แូแแេแួแแឹแแាแ់៖
“แើ The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People แៅแែแាแแាแៈแំแាแ់แแ្แាแ់แแ័แแแ
្แ
ុแ្แแ្แแេ?”
แ ើแแ៏แូแ
្แេះแែแ៖ “แើแាแឹแแៅแែแแแแ្แแ៉ុแ្แាแแ្แាំแៅแៀแแេ? แ្แុแแกแ แ្แាំ แขแ แ្แាំ แฅแ แ្แាំ
แូแ្แីแกแกแ แ แ្แាំแាแแុแ?”
แ
แ្แើแแแแ់แ្แុំแឺ៖ แแៈแែแแាแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแំ แិแแแ្แ ាแាแ់แែแិแាแ Habits แាំแแេះแាแ់แែแាแแាแៈแំแាแ់។
แ េแុแข្แី? แ្แោះแแ្แ ា แិแแាแแឺแ
ាแ់แแแ់แแុแ្แแាแแแ แ ើแแំแុแแើแแกើแแ្แើแแាแแ្แแ់แីแแ្แែแ។ แ
ំแែแแฏแំแោះแ្แាแ
แែแแែแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แแแ แែแแขแ
ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍ แាแแេแ
แ្แីแិแแ្แុแแ្แួแแฏแ แ ើแแាแแ្แแិแ្แិแแ แแแ៍
แฌแแ្แแแាแែแแขាแ
แแ្แាแំแេแ แិแแីแแ
แ្แើแแាแแាแแแៈแ្แแแ្แិแាแ្แ្แ។ แ្แុំแិแแែแแាแข្แแแแ្แើแแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះแេ
แ ើแแ្แុំแ៏แិแแាแแាแแិแ្แាแុแាแแแ្แាแ់แាแាំแแขแ់แែแ។ แ្แុំแ្แាแ់แែแាแข្แแแแ្แាแ់ แិแแៀแแ
ំแួแแា
แ
ូแแ្แុแแ៊ុแแំแាแ់แំแ ាแ (sequential framework) แួแแ៉ុแ្แោះ។
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN (summary meaning):
Covey says that because the world and the global market are changing so dramatically, people often ask him whether the 7 Habits are still useful now and in the future. His answer is that the more change and difficulty we face, the more important the 7 Habits become. Human problems and pain are universal and growing, but the true solutions are always based on universal, timeless principles that have supported successful societies throughout history. He did not invent these principles; he only recognized them and organized them into the 7 Habits framework.
KM (แแแ្แែแขแ្แแ័แ): Covey แិแាแแា แោแแាแแែแិแแแោแ แិแแីแ្แាแแិแแแោแแំแុแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแួแแាแ់แា แើ 7 Habits แៅแែแាแแ្แแោแแ៍แแ្แាแ់แแ្แแ្แៃ แិแแขแាแแแេ។ แ แ្แើแแាแ់แឺ: แ៉ុแ្แាแែแแាแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ แិแแแ្แ ាแិแាแแាแ់แែแ ្แើแ Habit แាំแแេះแាแ់แែแំแាแ់។ แแ្แ ា แិแแាแแឺแ ាแ់แแแ់แแុแ្แ แឺแแแ แ ើแแំแុแแើแแกើแ แ៉ុแ្แែแំแោះแ្แាแแិแแ แែแแែแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แแแ แขแ ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍ แែแแាแแេแ แ្แីแិแแ្แុแแ្แួแแฏแ แិแแ្แូแแាแแ្แើแោแแแ្แแแែแแขាแ แแ់แាแแាแแុแแាแ แិแแីแแ แ្แើแแាแแแៈแ្แแแ្แិแាแ្แ្แ។ แាแ់แិแแែแแាแข្แแแแ្แើแแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះแេ แាแ់แ្แាแ់แែแแ្แាแ់ แិแแៀแแ ំแាแฒ្แแាแแំแាแ់แំแ ាแแាแ្แแแ័แ្แ 7 Habits แ៉ុแ្แោះ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
• “Sweeping changes” and “rumbling shifts” suggest big, deep changes, not small adjustments.
• The questions about relevance today and decades into the future show that people worry whether
old ideas still work in a fast-changing world.
• Covey argues that because life is more chaotic, principle-based habits are actually even
more important—not less.
• He emphasizes that principles are universal and timeless, not tied to any one culture, religion,
or time period.
• By saying “I did not invent them and take no credit for them,” he shows humility and reinforces
that his work is about organizing truth, not creating it.
KM:
• “Sweeping changes” แិแ “rumbling shifts” แាแแขแ្แแ័แแា แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแំแ แ្แាแแ្แៅ แិแแែแแแ់แែแแិแ
แួแ
แេ។
• แំแួแแขំแីแាแ “relevant today” แិแ “ten, twenty, fifty, one hundred years from now”
แแ្แ ាแแា แแុแ្แแាแแ្แแា แំแិแแ
ាแ់แ แើแៅแែแ្แើแាแแ្แុแแិแแแោแแឿแแេះแេ។
• Covey แិแាแแា แ្แោះแីแិแแាแ់แែแំแាแ Habit แ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះ แើแแាแ់แែแំแាแ់។
• แាแ់แើแแกើแแាแោแแាแแ៍ (principles) แឺแแแ แិแแขแ
ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍ แិแแ្แិแแ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌ แฌแាแแាแួแแกើแ
แ៉ុแ្แែแំแាแ់แแុแ្แแ្แแ់แแ្แែแ។
• แាแแិแាแแា “I did not invent them” แแ្แ ាแแាแแแ៌ แាแแ្แួแ แិแแแ្แាแ់แា แាแ់แ្แាแ់แែแាแข្แแแៀแแ
ំ
แិแแែแแាแข្แแแแ្แើแแេแ
แ្แីแិแแាំแแេះแกើแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- a) These sweeping changes in society and rumbling shifts in the digitized global marketplace give rise to a very important question—one I’m asked fairly often: “Are The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People still relevant today?”
- b) And for that matter, “Will they be relevant ten, twenty, fifty, one hundred years from now?”
- c) My answer: the greater the change and more difficult our challenges, the more relevant the habits become.
- d) The reason: our problems and pain are universal and increasing, and the solutions to the problems are and always will be based upon universal, timeless, self-evident principles common to every enduring, prospering society throughout history.
- e) I did not invent them and take no credit for them.
- f) I’ve simply identified and organized them into a sequential framework.
KM แแ្แេแ៖
a) แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแំแแ្แុแแแ្แแ แិแแីแ្แាแแីแីแแ แแ្แើแแំแួแแួแ៖ แើ 7 Habits แៅแែแแแแ្แแแ្แាแ់แแ្แแ្แៃแេ?
b) แ ើแแើแាแឹแแៅแែแំแាแ់แ្แុแแกแ , แขแ , แฅแ แฌแกแ แ แ្แាំแាแแុแแៀแแេ?
c) แ
แ្แើแแាแ់៖ แ៉ុแ្แាแែแแាแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ แិแแแ្แ ាแិแាแ Habit แាแ់แែแំแាแ់។
d) แ េแុ៖ แแ្แ ា แិแแាแแឺแ
ាแ់แឺแแแ แិแแំแុแแើแแกើแ แ ើแแំแោះแ្แាแแែแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แแแ แขแ
ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍
แែแแ្แแ់แแ្แแแឹแแាំแ្แើ។
e) แាแ់แិแแែแแាแข្แแแแ្แើแแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះแេ แ ើแแ៏แិแแាแแាแแិแ្แិแแ។
f) แាแ់แ្แាแ់แែแแ្แាแ់ แិแแៀแแ
ំแាแាแ៊ុแแំแាแ់ Habit แ៉ុแ្แោះ។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- sweeping changes – แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแំแ แ្แแែแแ្แแแ (แ្แើแฒ្แแាแแแแ៉ះแាแ់แូแំแូแាแ)
- rumbling shifts – แាแแ្แែแ្แួแแ្แាแแ្แៅ แែแแំแុแแើแแกើแแឺแแ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแขแ្แแ័แแ្แាំแ
- digitized global marketplace – แីแ្แាแแិแแแោแแែแแៅแាแីแីแแ (online / digital economy)
- give rise to – แแ្แแฑ្แแើแ / แแ្แាแแฑ្แแាแ
- relevant – แាแแាแៈแំแាแ់ แាแ់แแแឹแแแ្แ ាแួแ
- universal – แាแแแ แแ្แាแ់แแុแ្แแ្แแ់แីแแ្แែแ
- timeless – แขแ ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍ แិแแ ាแ់แាแแាแแេแแេแា
- self-evident – แ ្แាแ់แួแ แៅแ ើแ / แើแแើแแាแិแแោแแ្แួแแฏแ
- enduring – แขាแ แแ្แាแ្แ แแ់แាแแាแแីแិแแแៈแេแแូแ
- prospering – แីแแ แ្แើแ แាแแាแแោแแ័แ
- sequential framework – แ៊ុแแំแាแ់แំแ ាแ (แ្แแแ័แ្แแែแแៀแแាแแំแាแ់)
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• “give rise to a very important question” – formal phrase meaning “cause an
important question to appear.”
• Direct questions are quoted: “Are … still relevant today?” “Will they be relevant…?”
• “the greater the change and more difficult our challenges, the more relevant …” –
classic “the more X, the more Y” comparative structure.
• “are and always will be based upon” – present simple + “always will be” shows
permanent truth over time.
• “I did not invent them and take no credit for them.” – two coordinated verbs
with same subject “I”.
• “I’ve simply identified and organized them” – present perfect (“I’ve”) implies
work done in the past with relevance now.
KM:
• “give rise to” = แแ្แแฑ្แแើแ, แ្แើแ្แុแแแិแแแ្แូแแាแ។
• แំแួแแ្แូแแាแแាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แាแแแ្แា “…” แា direct questions។
• แแ
แាแแ្แ័แ្แ “the greater…, the more…” = แ៉ុแ្แាแែแ X แាแ់แែ…, แ៉ុแ្แោះแែแ Y แាแ់แែ….
• “are and always will be based upon” แแ្แ ាแแេแ
แ្แីแិแแขแ
ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍ (แแ្แแ្แៃ + แขแាแแ)។
• “I did not invent them and take no credit for them” แ្แើแិแិแាแข (invent / take) แាแแ្แแាแแែแួแ “I”。
• “I’ve simply identified and organized” (present perfect) แแ្แ ាแแាแាแแាแแេះแ្แើแួแ
แ ើแ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแแាแ់แขแ់แាแៈ
แំแាแ់แกើแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
• Structure moves like this: Change in world → Big question → Answer → Reason →
Humility about principles.
• Long complex opening sentence creates context and leads into two quoted questions.
• Short clause “My answer:” makes the response very clear and direct.
• Explanation sentence beginning with “The reason” gives logical support for his answer.
• Closing sentences show his role: not inventor, but organizer of existing principles.
KM:
• แំแាแ់แំแិแ៖ แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ → แំแួแแំ → แ
แ្แើแ → แូแแ េแុ → แាแแាแแ្แួแแขំแីแោแแាแแ៍។
• แ្แแោแแំแូแแែแ แិแแ្แុแแ្แាแ แแ្แើแแแិแแ แួแ
แាំแ
ូแแំแួแแាំแแីแ។
• “My answer:” แ្แើแฒ្แแ
แ្แើแแ
្แាแ់ แិแแ្แី។
• “The reason:” แแ្แើแแแ្แแ់แើแាแแแ្แแ់แា แ េแុแข្แីแាแแា Habits แាแ់แែแំแាแ់។
• แ្แแោแแ
ុแ แំแแ់แួแាแីแแแ់แាแ់แា แាแ់แ្แាแ់แែแាแข្แแแៀแแ
ំแោแแាแแ៍ แិแแែแแាแข្แแแแ្แើแแាแេ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- changes, shifts – nouns
- digitized global marketplace – noun phrase
- give rise (to) – phrasal verb
- relevant – adjective
- universal, timeless, self-evident – adjectives describing “principles”
- principles – noun
- enduring, prospering – present participles (adjectives describing societies)
- invent, take, identified, organized – verbs of action (what he did / did not do)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
In the age of the internet, AI, and global competition, many people suspect that “old” books are outdated. Covey answers this by reminding us that the real foundation of effectiveness is not technology or trends, but principles like integrity, responsibility, and respect. These do not expire, and so the 7 Habits—which are built on those principles—only grow in importance as the world becomes more unstable and fast-changing.
KM: แ្แុแแុแแขាំแแឺแិแ AI แិแแាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแแើแแแแើแិแแแោแ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแិแแាแៀแแៅแ ាแ់แ แាแแ ួแแแ័แ។ Covey แ្แើแแា แូแแ្แាแแៃแាแแាแแ្แแិแ្แแាแ แិแแែแแแ ្แ េแแិแ្แា แฌ “แ្แេแ” แ្แីแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแោแแាแแ៍ แូแ แា แាแแ្แឹแแ្แូแ แាแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ แាแแោแแ។ แោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះแិแแขแ់แុแแแាแแេ แូแ ្แេះ 7 Habits แែแแ្แិแแើแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះ แាแ់แែแំแាแ់ แេแแិแแแោแแាแ់แែแขแ្แិแแាแ แិแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแឿแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
• give rise to – แแ្แแฑ្แแើแ / แแ្แាแแฑ្แแាแ
• ask (someone) a question – แួแแំแួแแข្แแแាแ្แាแ់
• be based upon – แ្แขែแแើ
• take credit for (something) – แាแแាแแិแ្แិแแ / แេแแ់แិแ្แិแแแីแข្แីแួแ
• identify and organize – แแ្แាแ់ แិแแៀแแ
ំ (แ្แុแverbแាแូ)
KM:
แេះแាแិแិแាแแ្แាแ់แំแាแ់แ แขាแ
แแแៅแ្แើแ្แុแแ្แแោแแแแ់แข្แแแ្แាแ់៖
• give rise to a problem = แแ្แแฑ្แแើแแแ្แ ា
• be based upon principles = แ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍
• take no credit for it = แិแแាแแាแแិแ្แិแแแแ្แាแ់แា
• identify and organize ideas = แแ្แាแ់ แិแแៀแแ
ំแំแិแ
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
One of the most profound learnings of my life is this: if you want to achieve your highest aspirations and overcome your greatest challenges, identify and apply the principle or natural law that governs the results you seek. How we apply a principle will vary greatly and will be determined by our unique strengths, talents, and creativity, but, ultimately, success in any endeavor is always derived from acting in harmony with the principles to which the success is tied.
แួแแ្แុแแ ំแោแแแ្แាแ់แៀแแំแាแ់แំแុแแ្แុแแីแិแแแแ់แ្แុំแឺแេះ៖ แើแข្แแแ แ់แแ្แេแ แាแแោแแំแแแ្แแ់แំแុแ แแแ់แข្แแ แិแแ្แះแើแแ្แ ាแំแំแុแแแแ់แข្แแ แ្แូแแแ្แាแ់ แ ើแแขแុแแ្แแោแแាแแ៍ แฌแ ្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ แែแแ្แแ់แ្แแแแ្แแแแែแแข្แแแំแុแแ្แែแแแ។ แแៀแแែแแើแแขแុแแ្แแោแแាแแ៍แួแ แឹแแុแแ្แាแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ แិแแ្แូแแាแแំแแ់แោแแแ្แាំแแិแេแ แាแแាแแេแแោแแ្แ แិแแិแ្แៈแ្แាแแ ្แៃแ្แแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแแแ់แើแ แ៉ុแ្แែ แៅแីแំแុแ แិแ ្แ แ័แแ្แុแแแแ្แแាแแាแួแ แែแแែแ េแแแแីแាแแាแแេแ แិแแើแแាแแោแแាแแ៍ แែแแិแ ្แ แ័แแោះแាแแ แแ្แាแ់แើแា។
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN (summary meaning):
Covey says that one of the deepest lessons of his life is this: whenever you want to reach your highest dreams or solve your hardest problems, you must first find the underlying principle or natural law that controls the results you want, and then apply it. People may apply principles in different ways depending on their strengths, talents, and creativity, but real success always comes from living in harmony with the right principles.
KM (แแแ្แែแขแ្แแ័แ): Covey แិแាแแា แួแแ្แុแแ ំแោแแេแៀแแ្แាแแ្แៅแំแុแแ្แុแแីแិแแាแ់แឺ៖ แាแ់แេแแែแแข្แแแ แ់แแ្แេแ แាแแ្แីแ្แแៃ แฌแោแแំแแแ្แแ់แំแុแ แិแแោះแ្แាแแแ្แ ាแ៏แិแាแแំแុแแแแ់แข្แแ แข្แแแ្แូแแ្แែแแแแាแុแ แា แើแាแแោแแាแแ៍ แฌแ ្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិแข្แី แំแុแแ្แแ់แ្แแแแ្แแแแែแแข្แแแ แ់แាแ แ ើแแแ្แាแ់แแแขแុแแ្แแា។ แោះแីแើแแขแុแแ្แแោแแាแแ៍แុแแแ្แា แขាแ្แ័แแើแแ្แាំแแแแ្แแាแ แេแแោแแ្แ แិแแិแ្แៈแ ្แៃแ្แแិแ แแแ់แ្แាแ់แแ្แី แ៉ុแ្แែแិแ ្แ แ័แแិแแ្แាแแแែแแែแแแីแាแแแ់แៅแ្แแแាแแោแแាแแ៍แ្แឹแแ្แូแ แែแแិแ ្แ แ័แแោះแាแแ្แាแ់แាแួแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
• “Most profound learnings” means lessons that changed his life at a deep level, not just tips.
• To reach great results, you don’t start with techniques or tricks; you start with principles or
natural laws.
• “Govern the results you seek” implies that results are not random. They follow invisible laws
(like trust, honesty, cause–effect, etc.).
• Application is personal and flexible: each person uses principles in their own style based on
strengths and talents.
• However, the foundation is fixed: true success in any field comes from aligning your behavior
with correct principles.
• Hidden message: If we fail, often it’s because we violate or ignore principles, not because life
is unfair or we lack tricks.
KM:
• “most profound learnings” แាแแ័แแា แេแៀแแ្แាแแ្แៅ แ្แើแฒ្แแីแិแแាแ់แ្แាแ់แ្แូแ แិแแែแแ្แែ
แแ្แឹះแិแ
แួแ
។
• แើแ្แីแแ្แេแ
แแ្แแแแំแ แើแแិแแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแី “แ
แแា” แฌ “แแ្แឹះแแ់แแ់” แេ แែแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแីแោแแាแแ៍
แฌแ
្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ។
• “governs the results you seek” แแ្แាแ់แា แแ្แแแแិแแែแแើแแกើแแោแแ
ៃแแ្แแេ แាแើแแាแแ
្แាแ់แូแแ េแុแแ្แแแ
(แូแ
แា แាแแឿแុแแ
ិแ្แ แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แិแแแแ្แแាแแៀแแាแ់)។
• แាแแขแុแแ្แแោแแាแแ៍แាแแាแแแ់แែแ แាแแแแ្แแាแ แិแแុแ្แแិแแแ្แแៈแแแ់แ្แាแ់แ។
• แ៉ុแ្แែแោแแៅแូแแ្แាแแិแแแ់แែแ៖ แិแ
្แ
แ័แแិแแแแីแាแแแ់แៅแ្แแแោแแាแแ៍แ្แឹแแ្แូแ។
• แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ៖ แេแแ្แះแេแแើแแแាแ័แ แូแแ េแុแឺแើแแំแแ แฌแំแាแแើแោแแាแแ៍ แិแแែแแ្แោះแីแិแ
แขแុแ្แិแแ៌แฌแ្แះแแ្แឹះแេ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- a) One of the most profound learnings of my life is this:
- b) if you want to achieve your highest aspirations and overcome your greatest challenges, identify and apply the principle or natural law that governs the results you seek.
- c) How we apply a principle will vary greatly and will be determined by our unique strengths, talents, and creativity,
- d) but, ultimately, success in any endeavor is always derived from acting in harmony with the principles to which the success is tied.
KM แแ្แេแ៖
a) แាแ់แែแាំแា แេះแាแេแៀแแ្แាแแ្แៅแួแแ្แុแแីแិแ។
b) แើแ
แ់แแ្แេแ
แ្แីแ្แแៃแ្แแ់ แិแแ្แះแแ្แ ាแំแ แ្แូแแ្แែแแแ แិแแขแុแแ្แ “แោแแាแแ៍ / แ
្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ”
แែแแ្แแ់แ្แแแแ្แแแแែแแข្แแแ
แ់แាแ។
c) แแៀแแขแុแแ្แแោแแាแแ៍ แขាแ្แ័แแើแแ្แាំแ แេแแោแแ្แ แិแแិแ្แៈแាแិแេแแแแ់แ្แាแ់แ។
d) แែแ
ុแแ្แោแ แិแ
្แ
แ័แแែแแែแแแីแាแแแ់ แិแแ្แើแាแแាแแ្แแแាแแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแោះ។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- profound learnings – แេแៀแแ្แាแแ្แៅ แាแแขแ្แแ័แแំแើแីแិแ
- aspirations – แ្แីแ្แแៃ/แោแแំแแแ្แแ់แ
- overcome – แ្แះ แើแแแ្แแ់แกើแแើแแ្แ ា
- principle – แោแแាแแ៍ (แ្แួแแាแแិแแែแแ្แแ់แ្แแแขាแแ្แแិแិแា/แแ្แแแ)
- natural law – แ ្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ (แแ្แឹះแแแ แូแ แា cause–effect)
- governs – แ្แแ់แ្แแ / แแ្แា
- endeavor – แាแแិแแំแ្แឹแแ្แែแ แិแិแាแាแแាแ / แแ្แោแ
- derived from – แ្แាแ់แ េแแី / แแแី
- acting in harmony with – แៀแแ ំแขាแแ្แแិแិแាแฑ្แแ្แแ/แแ แแាแแ្แួแแើแ แិแแោแแាแแ៍
- tied (to) – แ្แូแแាแแ แแ្แាแ់แាแួแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• “One of the most profound learnings … is this:” – classic way to introduce
an important principle; “this” refers to the idea in the next clause.
• “if you want to …, identify and apply …” – conditional clause (“if”) +
imperative-like advice (“identify and apply”).
• “that governs the results you seek” – relative clause describing
“the principle or natural law”.
• “How we apply a principle will vary greatly” – “How” here = the manner;
future simple “will vary” for general truth about variation.
• “is always derived from acting in harmony with …” – passive form
(“is derived”) + gerund (“acting”) to show ongoing behavior as the source.
KM:
• “is this:” แ្แើแើแ្แីแាំแ
ូแแេแ
แ្แីแแ្แแ់แំแាแ់แแ្แាแ់។
• แแ
แាแแ្แ័แ្แ if + want to + [verb] + identify and apply = แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แ្แុแแแៀแ “แើแ
แ់… แ្แូแ…”។
• “that governs…” แា relative clause แแ្แแ់แី “principle or natural law”។
• “will vary greatly” แ្แើ future simple แแ្แាแ់แាแแិแแូแៅแขំแីแ
ំแុแ
แែแแឹแแុแแ្แាแៀแแាแ់แแុแ្แ។
• “is derived from acting in harmony” แแ្แ ាแแាแិแ
្แ
แ័แ (success) แិแแแแោแแ
ៃแแ្แแេ
แែ “แ្แូแแាแแแแแแី” แขាแแ្แแិแិแាแែแแ្แแแោแแាแแ៍។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
• Structure: Deep lesson → Condition (“if you want…”) → Key action (identify & apply
principles) → Flexibility in application → Unchanging foundation of success.
• Opening phrase “One of the most profound learnings…” prepares the reader for something
very important.
• Long conditional clause (“if you want to…”) connects our desires and problems to the
discipline of finding principles.
• Contrast: application is flexible (varies by person), but principles and their role in success
are fixed and universal.
KM:
• แំแាแ់แំแិแ៖ แេแៀแแ្แាแแ្แៅ → แើแข្แแแ
แ់… → แ្แូแแ្แែแแแ แិแแขแុแแ្แแោแแាแแ៍ →
แាแแขแុแแ្แแขាแ
แុแแ្แា → แ៉ុแ្แែแិแ
្แ
แ័แแែแแែแើแแกើแแីแោแแាแแ៍แแែแแ។
• แ្แแោแแែแ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแแ្แាแแូแแាแ់แ
្แាแ់ แោแแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแីแแแើแแแ្แ ាแแេแៀแ แួแ
แាំแៅแាแ់แំแើแแាแ
(identify & apply)។
• แាแแ្แៀแแៀแ៖ แាแแขแុแแ្แ (application) แขាแ
แแ់แែแ แែแោแแាแแ៍ (principles) แិแแแ់แែแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- learnings, aspirations, challenges, results, success, endeavor – nouns
- achieve, overcome, identify, apply, governs, derived (from), tied (to) – verbs
- profound, highest, greatest, unique, natural – adjectives
- greatly, ultimately, always – adverbs
- principle, law – nouns (abstract concepts)
- acting – gerund (verb used as noun) in “from acting in harmony”
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This sentence expresses a key theme of Covey’s work: principle-centered living. In modern culture people often chase quick fixes or techniques (tips, hacks, tricks). Covey redirects us to look deeper—toward timeless principles such as integrity, responsibility, respect, empathy, and service. Your style can be unique and creative, but if it violates those principles, long-term success will be weak or temporary.
KM: แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แ ាแแ្แแាแแแแំแាแ់แួแแ្แុแแ្แាแៃแแแ់ Covey แឺ “แីแិแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍”។ แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌ แแ័แแ្แី แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแ ូแแ ិแ្แแแ “quick fix / hacks” แแแាแแ แ៉ុแ្แែ Covey แแ្แៀแแฑ្แแើแแ ូแแៅแ្แែแแแ แ្แូแแ៏แ្แាแแ្แៅแាแแា แឺแោแแាแแ៍แขแ ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍ แូแ แា แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แាแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ แាแแោแแ แขាแแ្แแ៍แขแុแแแ៍ แិแแាแแแ្แើ។ แៀแแ ំแแៀแแขแុแแ្แ แขាแ แាแแแ แាแแ្แើ แិแแ ្แៃแ្แแិแแ្แាแ់ แុแแ្แាแៀแแាแ់แแុแ្แ แ៉ុแ្แែแើแំแាแแើแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះ แិแ ្แ แ័แแូแแขแ្แែแ แឹแแ្แោแ แฌแ្แាแแាแแ្แោះแขាแแ្แแ៉ុแ្แោះ។
9. Phrasal Verbs & Phrases แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ & แแៀแแិแាแ
• achieve (your) aspirations – แแ្แេแ
แ្แីแ្แแៃ / แោแแំแแ
• overcome challenges – แ្แះ / แแិแ ាแ แើแแ្แ ា แិแแงแแแ្แ
• derived from – แแแแแី / แាแแแแី
• acting in harmony with – แ្แើแแแ្แแាแแ្แแแ្แា / แแแ្แแแាแួแ
• tied to – แ
แแ្แាแ់แាแួแ / แขាแ្แ័แแើ
KM:
แงแាแ แแ៍แ្แแោแแ្แើแាแแៅแ្แៃแ្แាแ៖
• I want to achieve my highest aspirations as a leader.
• We must overcome our greatest challenges by going back to principles.
• Real success is derived from acting in harmony with true principles.
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
Many people do not think this way, at least consciously. In fact, you will increasingly find that principled solutions stand in stark contrast to the common practices and thinking of our popular culture. Allow me to illustrate this contrast with a few of the most common human challenges we face.
แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแិแแិแแាแแែแแេះแេ แាแិแេแแៅแแ្แិแแឹแแ្แួแ។ แាแាแแិแ แឹแแាแ់แែแើแแា “แំแោះแ្แាแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍” แាแแាแแ្แុแแ៉ិแแ៉ើแាំแแ្แុแ แឹแแขាแแ្แแិแិแា แិแแแៀแแិแแូแៅ แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แេแแិแแแแ័แแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ។ แូแแขแុแ្แាแแฑ្แแ្แុំแแแงแាแ แแ៍แួแแ ំแួแแขំแីแแ្แ ាแแ្แแា แแแ់แแុแ្แแែแแើแแ្แแแแុแแៀแแាแ់แ្แៃ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแแ្แុแแេះแฒ្แแើแแ ្แាแ់។
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN (summary meaning):
Covey says that most people don’t naturally think in a principle-centered way, at least not consciously. As time goes on, you will see that solutions based on true principles often look very different from the usual behaviors and thinking in popular culture. He is about to show this difference by giving examples from common human problems we all face.
KM (แแแ្แែแขแ្แแ័แ): Covey แិแាแแា แแុแ្แแាแแ ្แើแแិแแាแ់แិแแាแแែแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แេ แាแិแេแแៅแแ្แិแแឹแแ្แួแ។ แេแแេแាแាแ់แែแแ្แแแុแ แើแแឹแแាแ់แែแើแแា แំแោះแ្แាแแែแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แិแแ្แាแแ แាแแូแแាแ แ្แុแแ្แាំแแីแขាแแ្แแិแិแា แិแแแៀแแិแแែแแូแៅแ្แុแแแ្แแ៌แេแแិแแ។ แាแ់แំแុแแើแแ្แូแแើแ្แីแាំแแ แงแាแ แแ៍แីแแ្แ ាแแ្แแាแាแា แែแแแុแ្แแ្แแ់แ្แាแ្แแแแុแ แាแงแាแแแ្แ ាแแាแแុแแ្แាแេះแฒ្แแើแแើแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
• “Many people do not think this way” → most people don’t automatically look for principles
behind problems.
• “at least consciously” → maybe deep inside they feel principles, but they don’t think about
them clearly or deliberately.
• “principled solutions stand in stark contrast” → when you follow principles, your choices may
look opposite to what is normal or popular around you.
• “common practices and thinking of our popular culture” → trends, habits, and ideas that most
people follow today (media, social networks, advertising, etc.).
• He prepares the reader: next, he will give real-life examples using “common human challenges”.
KM:
• “Many people do not think this way” แាแแ័แแា แแុแ្แแាแแ
្แើแแិแแូแแ្แែแแแ “แោแแាแแ៍”
แេแแិแแขំแីแแ្แ ាแេ។
• “at least consciously” แាแแ័แแា แขាแ
แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แាแ់แៅแ្แុแแ
ិแ្แแ្แៅแ แែแុំแាแแិแแែแแិแ
ាแแា
แฒ្แแ
្แាแ់แ្แុแแ្แាแ។
• “stand in stark contrast” แแ្แ ាแแាแแ្แុแแ៉ិแแ៉ើ แฌแុแแ្แាแ្แាំแแแាแแំแោះแ្แាแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍
แិแแแៀแแ្แើแែแแូแំแូแាแ។
• “common practices and thinking of our popular culture” แแ្แាแ់แីแแ្แាแ់ แិแแំแិแ
แែแแាแែแ “แេแ្แើ” แៅแ្แុแแแ្แแแแ័แแ្แី (แ៉្แแាแ แាแិแ្แแแ្แ แแ្แាแแแ្แแ…)។
• Covey แំแុแแៀแแ
ំแ
ិแ្แแข្แแแขាแ แាแแ្แាแ់แៅ แៅแាแ់แឹแแแแงแាแ แแ៍แីแแ្แ ាแែแแើแแាแ់แ្แា
แួแแ្แแះ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแแ្แុแแេះแฒ្แแ៊ីแแ្แៅ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- (1) Many people do not think this way, at least consciously.
- (2) In fact, you will increasingly find that principled solutions stand in stark contrast to the common practices and thinking of our popular culture.
- (3) Allow me to illustrate this contrast with a few of the most common human challenges we face.
KM แแ្แេแ៖
(1) แแុแ្แแាแ
្แើแแិแแាแ់แិแแាแแែแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แេ (แ៉ាแแ ោแ
แាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แិแแឹแแ្แួแ)។
(2) แាแាแแិแแៅ แាแ់แែแៅแុแ แើแแឹแแាแ់แែแើแแា แំแោះแ្แាแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍ แាแแូแแាแแុแแ្แា
แ៉ាแแ
្แើแแីแแ្แាแ់ แិแแំแិแแេแแិแแ។
(3) แាแ់แុំแขแុแ្แាแแแแงแាแ แแ៍แីแแ្แ ាแแុแ្แแូแៅ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแแ្แុแแេះแฒ្แแើแแើแ។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- consciously – แឹแแ្แួแแាแ់แាแ់ / แឹแแាแ្แួแแំแុแแិแ/แ្แើ
- increasingly – แាแ់แែ…แกើแแ (more and more over time)
- principled solutions – แំแោះแ្แាแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍
- stand in stark contrast (to) – แាแแាแแ្แុแแ៉ាแแ ្แាแ់ / แុแแ្แាแ្แាំแ
- common practices – แแ្แាแ់ / แแៀแแขแុแแ្แแូแៅ
- popular culture – แแ្แแแ៌แេแแិแแ (music, movies, social media, trends…)
- illustrate – แแ្แ ាแแាแงแាแ แแ៍ / แแ្แแ់แោแแงแាแ แแ៍
- challenges we face – แแ្แ ា แិแแงแแแ្แแែแแើแแ្แแแแុแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• “do not think this way” – simple present → general truth about how people usually think.
• “at least consciously” – adverb phrase softens the statement; it suggests there may be
unconscious beliefs too.
• “you will increasingly find that …” – “will + increasingly + verb” shows a growing
experience over time.
• “stand in stark contrast to …” – idiomatic expression; “stand” here means “to be placed / to
appear as”.
• “Allow me to …” – polite, formal way to introduce examples or a next step in an argument.
KM:
• simple present “do not think” แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แข្แីแែแแាแាแแិแแូแៅ។
• “at least consciously” แាแแ្แឹះแแ្แែแ แ្แើแฒ្แแ្แแោแแ្แាแ แិแแាแแាแแ្แឹแแ្แូแแแ្แែแ។
• “you will increasingly find” = แข្แแแឹแแាแ់แែแើแแា… แាแแขแាแแแ្แើแแ្แ ាแแแ្แแแแ្แแូแแแแិแោแแ៍។
• “stand in stark contrast” แាแាแ្แแ្แើแួแ แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍ formal แ្แើแฒ្แแขแ្แแ័แแ្แាំแ។
• “Allow me to illustrate …” แឺแ្แីแแុแាแแាแแា แ្แើแុแแេแแែแាំแงแាแ แแ៍แ្แី។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
• Sentence (1) = statement about most people’s thinking (topic sentence).
• Sentence (2) = explanation and expansion: what you will discover about principled solutions
versus popular culture.
• Sentence (3) = transition sentence: moves from theory → concrete examples (“Allow me to
illustrate…”).
• Flow of logic → People don’t think this way → principles look very different from popular
culture → I will show you using real-life challenges.
KM:
• แ្แแោแแីแก แាแ់ “แ្แាแแាแแแ
្แ
ុแ្แแ្แ” – แแុแ្แแាแแ
្แើแแិแแិแแូแ
แោแแាแแ៍។
• แ្แแោแแីแข แแแ្แាแแាแแុแแ្แា แแាแ “principled solutions” แិแ “popular culture”.
• แ្แแោแแីแฃ แាแ្แាแ (transition) แីแ្แឹแ្แីแៅแงแាแ แแ៍แាแ់แ្แែแ។
• แំแាแ់แំแិแแ្แើแฒ្แแข្แแแขាแแួแ
แាแ់แแ្แាแ់แ្แែแแแ្แាแ់ แែแ Covey แឹแแแแแ្แ ាแាแ់แ្แែแแแแแ្แแ់។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- people, way, solutions, contrast, practices, thinking, culture, challenges – nouns
- think, find, stand, illustrate, face – verbs
- many, common, popular – adjectives
- consciously, increasingly – adverbs
- in fact – linking phrase (adverbial phrase) introducing emphasis
- stark (contrast) – adjective giving strong intensity to “contrast”
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Covey is warning that principle-centered living will often not match the messages we receive from popular culture (social media, advertising, entertainment). Popular culture may reward speed, image, and short-term gain, while principles demand honesty, patience, and long-term responsibility. This tension is a central theme of The 7 Habits.
KM: Covey แំแុแแ្แแាแแា แាแแแ់แៅแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍ แ្แแแ្แាแแឹแแិแแូแแ្แแแ្แា แឹแแាแៈแំแាแ់ แិแแแ្แាแแីแแ្แแแ៌แេแแិแแ (แแ្แាแแแ្แแ แាแិแ្แแแ្แ แាแแ្แីแ្แាแ…) แេ។ แแ្แแแ៌แេแแិแแ แាแឹแแាแ់แើแแ្แួแแ្แឿแแแ ័แ แូแแแ្แแ្แីแ แិแแข្แីแแขោแแាแ់แแ័แ แแៈแោแแាแแ៍ แขំแាแแាแแฑ្แแើแแแ់ แ្แោះแ្แแ់ แាแแាแแขแ់แ្แแ់ แិแแแួแแុแแ្แូแแូแแขแ្แែแ។ แាแแាแแឹแแแាแ “principles vs. popular culture” แេះ แាแ្แแាแแแแំแាแ់แួแแ្แុแ The 7 Habits។
9. Phrasal Verbs & Phrases แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ & แแៀแแិแាแ
• think this way – แិแแាแแែแแេះ / แแៀแแិแแុแแាแ់แេះ
• in fact – แាแាแแិแแៅ / แិแแ្แាแแแៅ
• stand in stark contrast (to) – แ្แុแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ / แុแแ្แាแ្แាំแแី
• popular culture – แแ្แแแ៌แេแแិแแแแ័แแแ
្แ
ុแ្แแ្แ
• challenges we face – แแ្แ ា แฌแแ្แ ាแ្แแแแែแแើแแួแ
KM แงแាแ แแ៍แ្แើแ្แុแแ្แแោแแ្แី៖
• Principle-centered decisions often stand in stark contrast to what popular culture suggests.
• Let me illustrate this contrast with an example from my own life.
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
Fear and insecurity. So many people today are gripped with a sense of fear. They fear for the future. They feel vulnerable in the workplace. They are afraid of losing their jobs and their ability to provide for their families. This vulnerability often fosters a resignation to riskless living and to co-dependency with others at work and at home. Our culture’s common response to this problem is to become more and more independent. “I’m going to focus on ‘me and mine.’ I’ll do my job, do it well, and get on to my real joys off the job.” Independence is an important, even vital, value and achievement. The problem is, we live in an interdependent reality, and our most important accomplishments require interdependency skills well beyond our present abilities.
แាแแ័แแ្แាแ แិแแขាแแ្แแ៍แិแแាแแុแแ្แិแាแ។ แៅแแ័แแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ แាแแแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแ្แូแแាแแแ្แាแ់ แฒ្แแแ់แៅแ្แុแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ័แแ្แាแ ។ แួแแេแ័แแขแាแแ แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แាแ្แួแแាแแแแ្แោះแៅแแ្แែแแ្แើแាแ แ ើแแ្แាแ แាแแแ់แាแแាแ แិแแแแ្แแាแแแแ ំแូแแ្แแแแួแแ្แួแាแ។ แขាแแ្แแ៍แាแแแแ្แោះแេះ แាแឹแแាแ់แ្แើแฒ្แ แแុแ្แแះแแ់แាแแแួแแ ាแិแ័แ แ ើแแแ់แៅแែแ “แ្แាแแ ាแិแ័แ” แិแแขាแ្แ័แแ្แាំแแើแข្แแแแៃ แាំแแៅแាแแាแ แិแแៅแ្แះ។ แាแแ្แើแแแแแ្แแាแแแ់แแ្แแแ៌แើแแ ំแោះแแ្แ ាแេះ แឺแแ្แាแแฒ្แแแុแ្แแ្แាแแៅแាแฏแแាแ្แ แាแ់แែแ ្แើแ — “แ្แុំแឹแแ្แោแแើแ្แុំ แិแแ្แួแាแแ្แុំ។ แ្แុំแឹแแ្แើแាแแាแแ្แុំแฑ្แแ្แข แ ើแแแ្แាแ់แแแ ូแแួแ แីแแាแแិแแ្แាแแแ្แៅแាแแាแ។” แฏแแាแ្แ แាแแ្แៃ แិแแแិแ្แិแแแំแាแ់แ្แាំแแួแ។ แ៉ុแ្แែแแ្แ ាแឺ แើแแแ់แៅแ្แុแแាแ “แขាแ្แ័แแ្แាแៅแិแแៅแแ” แ ើแแแិแ្แិแแแំแាแ់แំแុแแแแ់แើแ แ្แូแแាแแំแាแ แขាแ្แ័แแ្แា (interdependency skills) แែแแើแแីแแแ្แแាแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แแแแ់แើแแៅแៀแ។
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN (summary meaning):
Covey describes how many people today live in fear and insecurity. They worry about the future, their jobs, and their ability to support their families. This fear makes them avoid risk and depend too much on others. Society’s usual answer is “become more independent” and focus on yourself. Covey agrees that independence is valuable, but he explains that real life is interdependent, and our greatest achievements require strong interdependence skills that most of us haven’t developed yet.
KM (แแแ្แែแขแ្แแ័แ): Covey แៀแแាแ់แីแแៀแแែแแแុแ្แแแ័แแេះแแ់แៅแ្แុแแាแแ័แแ្แាแ แិแแขាแแ្แแ៍แិแแាแแុแแ្แិแាแ។ แួแแេแាแแ្แแขแាแแ แាแแ្แแីแាแแាแ แិแแแแ្แแាแแแแ ំแូแแួแแ្แួแាแ។ แាแแ័แแ្แាแ แេះแ្แើแฒ្แแួแแេ แៀแแាแแាแแแួแแ ាแិแ័แ แ ើแแ្แាแแៅแាแแុแ្แแขាแ្แ័แแើแข្แแแแៃ แ្แាំแแៅแាแแាแ แិแแ្แុแแ្แះ។ แแ្แแแ៌แូแៅแ្แើแแแแោแแแ្แុំแិแแแฒ្แแแុแ្แ “แ្แាแแាแฏแแាแ្แ” แិแแ្แោแแើแ្แួแแฏแ។ Covey แแួแแ្แាแ់แា แฏแแាแ្แแឺแំแាแ់ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแ់แแ្แាแ់แា แីแិแแិแแ្แាแแแឺแា “แขាแ្แ័แแ្แា” แ ើแแแិแ្แិแแแំแំแុแ แ្แូแแាแแំแាแแแ់ แិแแ្แើแាแแាแួแแข្แแแแៃ แែแแើแแីแแ្แិแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แแแแ់แើแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แំแแ
EN:
• “Fear and insecurity.” – sets the emotional theme: anxiety and not feeling safe.
• People fear losing jobs and income → they feel exposed and weak in a changing economy.
• This fear pushes them to choose “safe” options: no risk, depend on others, just survive.
• Culture’s common advice: “Protect yourself, focus on you, be more independent.”
• Covey partially agrees (independence is vital), but he adds a deeper layer: life is built on
interdependence (families, teams, organizations, societies).
• Inference: If we only chase independence, we may feel safer for a while, but we will never
reach our highest potential because great results require working effectively with others.
KM:
• “Fear and insecurity” แំแแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍แំแាแ់៖ แ័แ แแ្แแ់ แแ្แ័แแ្แួแแฏแ។
• แแុแ្แแ័แแ្แាแ
แាแ់แាแแាแ แិแแ្แាแ់แ
ំแូแ → แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แាแ្แួแแាแแแแ្แោះแ្แុแแ្แแ័แ្แแេแ្แแិแ
្แ
แែแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแ្แាំแ។
• แាแแ័แแ្แាแ
แ្แោះแ្แាแ់แេះ แំแុแแฒ្แแแុแ្แแ្แើแแើแแីแិแ “แុแแ្แិแាแแេแ” แឺแិแแ ៊ាแแាแแ្แแ
แข្แីแ្แី แ ើแแឹแแ្แขែแแើแข្แแแแៃ។
• แแ្แแแ៌แូแៅแ្แแ់แំแោះแ្แាแแា “แขោแแ្แាแแាแฏแแាแ្แ แុំแិแแីแข្แแแแៃแ
្แើแแេแ”។
• Covey แិแាแแា แฏแแាแ្แแំแាแ់ แែแីแិแแិแแ្แាแแแ្แូแแាแแាแ “แขាแ្แ័แแ្แា” แ្แុแแ្แួแាแ
แ្แុแแាแแាแ แ្แុแแ ៊ុแ แិแแแ្แแแាំแแូแ។
• แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់៖ แើแែแើแแ
แ់แុแแ្แិแាแแែแแฏแแាแ្แแ៉ុแ្แោះ แើแแឹแแិแแ្แាแ់แแ់แแ្แិแ
แแแ្แแាแแ្แแ់แំแុแแាแแេ แ្แោះแแិแ្แិแแแំแំแុแแាแแាแแាแแแ แាแแាแួแแข្แแแแៃ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- (a) Fear and insecurity.
- (b) So many people today are gripped with a sense of fear.
- (c) They fear for the future.
- (d) They feel vulnerable in the workplace.
- (e) They are afraid of losing their jobs and their ability to provide for their families.
- (f) This vulnerability often fosters a resignation to riskless living and to co-dependency with others at work and at home.
- (g) Our culture’s common response to this problem is to become more and more independent.
- (h) “I’m going to focus on ‘me and mine.’ I’ll do my job, do it well, and get on to my real joys off the job.”
- (i) Independence is an important, even vital, value and achievement.
- (j) The problem is, we live in an interdependent reality, and our most important accomplishments require interdependency skills well beyond our present abilities.
KM แแ្แេแ៖
(a–e) แិแแ៌แាแขំแីแขាแแ្แแ៍แ័แแ្แាแ
แិแแូแแ េแុ (แขแាแแ แាแแាแ แ្แួแាแ)។
(f) แแ្แ ាแแแแិแាแ៖ แីแិแแ្แាแแ ាแិแ័แ แិแแขាแ្แ័แแើแข្แแแแៃ។
(g–h) แแ្แ ាแแ
แ្แើแแแ្แแแ៌แូแៅ៖ แ្แាแแាแฏแแាแ្แ แ្แោแแើ “แ្แុំ แិแแแแ់แ្แុំ”។
(i–j) Covey แแแើแแแ្แៃแฏแแាแ្แ แ៉ុแ្แែแแ្แ
េแ “แแ្แ ាแ
แ្แแ” แា แីแិแแិแแ្แាแแแ្แូแแាแแាแแขាแ្แ័แแ្แា
แិแแំแាแแ្แើแាแแាแួแแข្แแแแៃ។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- fear – แាแแ័แแ្แាแ
- insecurity – แขាแแ្แแ៍แិแแាแแុแแ្แិแាแ / แិแแុแแ ិแ្แแើแ្แួแแฏแ
- be gripped with – แ្แូแแាแ “แ ាแ់” แฌ “แ ាแ់แោ” แោแแขាแแ្แแ៍แាแួแ
- vulnerable – แាแแแแ្แោះ / แាแแ្แូแแแแแแ៉ះแាแ់
- provide for (someone) – แ្แแ់แ្แแ់ / แ ិแ្แ ឹแแីแិแแฑ្แ…
- resignation (to) – แាแแះแแ់ แាแแ្แแแแួแแោแแ្แាแแ្แแុแ្แ
- riskless living – แីแិแแែแแៀแแាแแ ាแិแ័แแាំแแขแ់
- co-dependency – แាแแขាแ្แ័แแ្แាแ ្แើแแេแ (แាแីแាំแแីแแឹแแើแ្แា)
- independent / independence – แฏแแាแ្แ / แាแแฏแแាแ្แ
- interdependent / interdependency – แขាแ្แ័แแ្แា / แាแแขាแ្แ័แแ្แាแៅแិแแៅแแ
- accomplishments – แแិแ្แិแแ / แแ្แแแแแ្แេแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• “Fear and insecurity.” – a short noun phrase used as a dramatic opening (no verb).
• “are gripped with a sense of fear” – passive voice + metaphor; fear “holds” them.
• “This vulnerability often fosters …” – “fosters” = causes or encourages something to grow.
• “resignation to riskless living” – “resignation to” = accepting something you don’t really
like but feel you can’t change.
• Direct quote “I’m going to focus on ‘me and mine.’ …” – shows inner self-talk of many people.
• “The problem is, …” – typical way to introduce the main point / contrast in English.
KM:
• แ្แแោแแ្แី “Fear and insecurity.” แាแ់แแ្แាแ់แើแแ្แแាแแแแោแแ្แោแแើแขាแแ្แแ៍ (แិแแាแแិแិแាแแ្แ)។
• “are gripped with” แ្แើ passive voice แแ្แ ាแแា แขាแแ្แแ៍แ័แ “แាแ់แាแ់” แแុแ្แ។
• “fosters” แាแแ័แแា แំแុแ แฒ្แแข្แីแួแแើแแกើแ / แแ្แើแ។
• “resignation to …” แแ្แ ាแแាแแះแแ់ แែแ “แ្แាแแើแ” แេ។
• แាแแแแ្แแ់แំแกេแแ្แាแ់ in quotes แแ្แ ាแแข្แីแែแแแុแ្แแិแាแแ្แុแแ
ិแ្แ។
• “The problem is …” แាแแ្แแ់แแ្แแា แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แแ្แ ាแแ
ំแុแ
แំแាแ់ แฌแាแแ្แុแแ្แុแแขแ្แแแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
• Step 1: Naming the theme – “Fear and insecurity.”
• Step 2: Describing emotional state – a series of short sentences about fear of future, work,
job loss, family support.
• Step 3: Showing consequence – vulnerability → riskless living + co-dependency.
• Step 4: Showing cultural reaction – move toward independence and self-focus.
• Step 5: Reframing – independence is good but not enough because reality is interdependent.
• Structure moves from emotion → behavior → culture → deeper principle.
KM:
• แំแ ាแแីแก: แាแ់แ
ំแแ់แ្แแាแแแ “Fear and insecurity”។
• แំแ ាแแីแข: แិแแ៌แាแขាแแ្แแ៍ (แ័แแขแាแแ แแ្แែแแ្แើแាแ แាแแាแ แ្แួแាแ)។
• แំแ ាแแីแฃ: แแ្แ ាแแแแិแាแ — แីแិแแ្แាแแ ាแិแ័แ แិแแขាแ្แ័แแើแข្แแแแៃ។
• แំแ ាแแីแค: แแ្แ ាแแ
แ្แើแแแ្แแแ៌ — แ្แោแแើแฏแแាแ្แ แិแ “แ្แុំ”។
• แំแ ាแแីแฅ: แแแกើแแៅแោแแាแแ៍ — แฏแแាแ្แแំแាแ់ แ៉ុแ្แេแិแแ្แแ់แ្แាแ់ แ្แោះแីแិแแិแแ្แាแแ
แ្แូแแាแแាแแขាแ្แ័แแ្แា។
• แំแាแ់แេះแแ្แ ាแแីแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ៖ แីแขាแแ្แแ៍ → แៅแขាแแ្แแិแិแា → แៅแแ្แแแ៌ → แៅแោแแាแแ៍។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- fear, insecurity, future, workplace, jobs, families, vulnerability, living, co-dependency, culture, response, value, achievement, reality, accomplishments, abilities – nouns
- are gripped, fear, feel, are afraid, provide, fosters, become, focus, do, get on, live, require – verbs / verb phrases
- riskless, common, important, vital, interdependent, present – adjectives
- often, more and more, well, beyond – adverbs / adverbial expressions
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
In modern economies, jobs feel unstable and change is fast. Many people respond by protecting themselves and withdrawing into private life. Covey criticizes a culture that says, “just focus on yourself,” because families, companies, and societies need people who can cooperate and trust each other. This paragraph prepares the reader for Habit 4–6 (Win–Win, Seek First to Understand, Synergize), which are all about interdependence.
KM: แៅแ្แុแแេแ្แแិแ ្แ แแ័แแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ แាแแាแแាแแាแแិแแេแ แិแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแแ ័แ។ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแ แ្แើแแแแោแแាแแាแแាแแ្แួแ แិแแแแ្แួแแ េแแីแแ្แแ។ Covey แាแแแ្แៃแแ្แแแ៌แែแแិแាแแែแា “แ្แាแ់แែแ្แោแแើแ្แួแแฏแ” แ្แោះแ្แួแាแ แ្แុแแ ៊ុแ แិแแแ្แแ แ្แូแแាแแแុแ្แแែแแขាแ แแ แាแแិแแុแแ ិแ្แ แើแ្แាแាแ។ แแាแแ្แแេះ แៀแแ ំแข្แแแขាแแแ្แាแ់ Habit 4–6 (Win–Win, Seek First to Understand, Synergize) แែแแាំแแขแ់แុแ្แแឹแแាแขំแីแាแแขាแ្แ័แแ្แា។
9. Phrasal Verbs & Phrases แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ & แแៀแแិแាแ
• be gripped with a sense of fear – แ្แូแแាแแ
ាแ់แแ / แ្แแ់แ្แแแោแแាแแ័แแ្แាแ
• provide for their families – แៀแแ
ំแ្แแ្แแแแ
ិแ្แ
ឹแแ្แួแាแ
• resignation to riskless living – แះแแ់ แិแแแួแแแแីแិแแ្แាแแ ាแិแ័แ
• co-dependency with others – แขាแ្แ័แแ្แាแ
្แើแแេแแើแข្แแแแៃ
• focus on “me and mine” – แ្แោแแើแ្แួแแฏแ แិแแ្แួแាแแ្แួแแฏแแ៉ុแ្แោះ
• get on to my real joys – แแ្แแៅแแแข្แីแែแแ្แួแแ
ូแแ
ិแ្แแិแแ្แាแแ
• live in an interdependent reality – แแ់แៅแ្แុแแិแแแែแแแុแ្แแขាแ្แ័แแ្แាแៅแិแแៅแแ
KM แงแាแ แแ៍แ្แើแ្แី៖
• Many workers today are gripped with fear about the future.
• If we only focus on “me and mine”, we will never learn true interdependence.
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“I want it now.” People want things and want them now. “I want money. I want a nice, big house, a nice car, the biggest and best entertainment center. I want it all and I deserve it.” Though today’s “credit card” society makes it easy to “get now and pay later,” economic realities eventually set in, and we are reminded, sometimes painfully, that our purchases cannot outstrip our ongoing ability to produce. Pretending otherwise is unsustainable. The demands of interest are unrelenting and unforgiving. Even working hard is not enough. With the dizzying rate of change in technology and increasing competition driven by the globalization of markets and technology, we must not only be educated, we must constantly re-educate and reinvent ourselves. We must develop our minds and continually sharpen and invest in the development of our competencies to avoid becoming obsolete. At work, the bosses drive results, and for good reason. Competition is fierce; survival is at stake. The need to produce today is today’s reality and represents the demands of capital, but the real mantra of success is sustainability and growth. You may be able to meet your quarterly numbers, but the real question is, are you making the necessary investment that will sustain and increase that success one, five, and ten years from now? Our culture and Wall Street scream for results today. But the principle of balancing the need to meet today’s demands with the need to invest in the capabilities that will produce tomorrow’s success is unavoidable. The same is true of your health, your marriage, your family relationships, and your community needs.
“แ្แុំแ แ់แฅแกូแแេះเนเธฅเธข”។ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแ แ់แាแแข្แីแ แ ើแแ แ់แฒ្แแាแแ្แាแแ។ “แ្แុំแ แ់แាแแុแ។ แ្แុំแ แ់แាแแ្แះแំแ្แขាแ แแแแ្แแ្แข แ ាแแំแាแ្แแ្แែแแแំแំแុแ แិแแ្แขแំแុแ។ แ្แុំแ แ់แាแแขแ់แ្แแ់แ៉ាแ แ ើแแ្แុំแាแแិแ្แិแแួแแា”។ แแ្แแ “แាแแฅแแាแ” แแ័แแេះ แ្แើแฒ្แแាแាแแ្แួแแ្แុแแាแแើแแแ “แិแแฅแกូแ แូแាแ់แេแแ្แោแ” แ៉ុแ្แែแ្แាแแាแแេแ្แแិแ ្แ แិแแ្แាแแ แឹแแแแแ់แៅแ แ្แោះแេแแាแួแ แ ើแแំแឹแแើแ (แ្แះแេแแឺแ ាแ់แាแ់) แា แាแแ ំแាแแแแ់แើแแិแแขាแ แើแแแแ្แแាแแแិแ แិแแแแ ំแូแแแแ់แើแแាแแេ។ แាแแ្แើแាแិแแឹแแិแแើแแេះ แឺแិแแขាแ แแ្แាแៅแាแแូแ។ แាแแាแแាแแ្แាแ់แាแแ្แแ ាំแែ/แ្แแ ាំแ្แាំ แឺแិแแแ់แแ្แាแ แ ើแแិแแขแ់แ្แแ់แกើแ។ แាแแ្แើแាแแំแ្แឹแแែแ៉ុแ្แោះ แ៏แិแแ្แแแ្แแ់แ្แាแ់แែแ។ แាแួแแឹแแ្แឿแแំแាแ់แៃ แแ ្แ េแแិแ្แាแ្แីแ แិแแាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแแាแ់แែแ្แាំแแោแแាแแែแแแแាแូแแីแแแ្แ แីแ្แាแ แិแแแ ្แ េแแិแ្แា แើแแិแแ្แឹแแែแ្แូแแាแ “แាแแៀแ” แ៉ុแ្แោះแេ แែแ្แូแ “แៀแแกើแแិแแាแិแ ្แ ” แិแแแ្แើแแ្แួแแฏแแกើแแិแแាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់។ แើแแ្แូแแขแិแแ្แแំแិแ แិแแแ្แแិแ “แុแแាំแិแ” (แំแាแ) แแแ់แើแ แ ើแแិแិแោแแើแាแแขแិแแ្แแแแ្แแាแ แើแ្แីแុំแฒ្แแ្แួแแฏแแ្แាแแាแែแแ្แើแាแ។ แៅแแ្แែแแ្แើแាแ แេแឹแแាំแុแแ្แែแแแ្แแแ แ ើแแាแាแแូแแ េแុ แ្แោះแាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแแ្แាំแ แ ើแแ្แាแแាแ “แแ់แាแ់แៅ แឺแ្แុះแ ុះ” แំแុแแាแ់แ័แ្แ។ แแ្แូแแាแแแិแแាแแแ្แแแแ្แៃแេះ แឺแាแាแแិแแแ្แាแแแ្แុแแៃ “แូแិแแแ” แ៉ុแ្แែ “แแ្แแ្แេแ ៍” แិแแ្แាแแแៃแាแแោแแ័แ แឺ “แាแแแ្แាแីแាំแ แិแแំแើแ”។ แข្แแแขាแ แឹแแแួแแាแแแ្แแแแោแแៅแ្แីแាแแแแ់แข្แแ แែแំแួแแិแแ្แាแแแឺ៖ แើแข្แแแំแុแแិแិแោแ แ្แแ់แ្แាแ់ แើแ្แីแแ្แា แិแแแ្แែแแាแแោแแ័แแេះ แ្แុแแแៈแេแแួแแ្แាំ แ្แាំแ្แាំ แិแแแ់แ្แាំแាแแុแแฌแេ? แแ្แแแ៌แូแៅ แិแแីแ្แាแ (Wall Street) แ្แแ ឹแแាแ แាแข្แแแ្แូแแ្แแ់แแ្แแแแ្แៃแេះ។ แ៉ុแ្แែแ្แីแិแแោแแាแแ៍ แឺแ្แូแแែ “แុแ្แแាแ” แแាแ แแ្แូแแฒ្แแាแแแ្แแแ แ្แៃแេះ แិแ แแ្แូแแฒ្แแិแិแោแแើแแแ្แแាแ แែแแឹแแแ្แើแแแ្แแแแ្แขែแ។ แាแแិแแេះแូแ แ្แា แាំแแ ំแោះแុแแាแแแแ់แข្แแ แាแแៀแแាแแแแ់แข្แแ แំแាแ់แំแแแ្แុแแ្แួแាแ แិแแាแแ ូแแួแแួแแแ แแแ៍។
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN (summary meaning):
Covey talks about the “I want it now” mentality. People want money, houses, cars, and comfort immediately, helped by easy credit. But reality eventually reminds us that we cannot spend more than we can continually produce. Interest and debt are harsh teachers. Because technology and competition change so fast, it is not enough just to work hard once; we must keep learning and upgrading ourselves or we become obsolete. Companies and Wall Street demand short-term results, but true success comes from balancing today’s production with investment in the capabilities that will create future success in our work, health, marriage, family, and community.
KM (แแแ្แែแขแ្แแ័แ): Covey แិแាแแขំแីแ េแแាแแ់ “แ្แុំแ แ់แฅแกូแแេះ”។ แแុแ្แแ แ់แាแแុแ แ្แះ แแแแ្แ แិแแាแแំแាแ្แ แ៉ាแแាแ់แแ ័แ แួแแ្แแ់แោแแ្แแ័แ្แแាแแฅแแាแแាแแ្แួแ។ แ៉ុแ្แែแីแិแแឹแแំแឹแแើแแ្แោแแแแា แើแแិแแขាแ แ ំแាแแើแ แแแ្แแាแแแិแ แិแแแแ ំแូแแแแ់แើแแាแแេ แ ើแแំแុแ + แ្แាแ់แាแแឺแាแ្แូแ្แាแ់แែแแាแ ់แ្แៅ។ แោแแាแแ្แឿแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ แៃแแ ្แ េแแិแ្แា แិแแាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแแแแ แើแแិแแขាแ แឹแแើ “แាแแំแ្แើแាแ” แแแួแแាแแេ แែแ្แូแแៀแแกើแแិแ แិแแขแិแแ្แแ្แួแแฏแแាแិแ ្แ แិแแូแ ្แោះแេ แើแแឹแแ្แាแแាแែแแាแแแ្แៃ។ แ្แុแแ ៊ុแ แិแแីแ្แាแแขแ់แแ្แាំแแ ៅแាแแាแ แแ្แแแแ្แាแแ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแោแแ័แแិแแ្แាแแ แឺแាแแแแុแ្แแាแ แแាแแแិแแាแแ្แៃแេះ แិแแាแแិแិแោแแើแំแាแ แិแแแแ្แแាแแែแแឹแแแ្แើแแាแแោแแ័แแ្แขែแ — แាំแแ្แុแแាแแាแ แុแแាแ แាแแៀแแាแ แ្แួแាแ แិแแแ แแแ៍។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
• The paragraph starts with the inner voice of consumer desire: “I want it now … I deserve it.”
• Credit cards make this desire feel possible, but only temporarily.
• Economic reality = you cannot keep buying more than you are able to produce and earn.
• Interest is described as “unrelenting and unforgiving” → debt keeps pushing you, even when
you are tired or struggling.
• Because of rapid change and globalization, working hard on yesterday’s skills is not enough;
we must keep learning and reinventing ourselves.
• Bosses push for short-term results, but Covey warns that real success is long-term:
sustainability and growth.
• Inference: If you only chase today’s numbers but do not invest in future capability, your
success will collapse later. This applies not only to money and business, but also to health,
marriage, and family relationships.
KM:
• แขแ្แแแแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแីแแ្แេแแាแแ្แុแแแแ់แข្แแแ្แើแ្แាแ់៖ “แ្แុំแ
แ់แฅแกូแแេះ… แ្แុំแាแแិแ្แិแแួแแា”។
• แាแแฅแแាแแ្แើแฒ្แแាแแ
แ់แាแแេះ แៅแแ់แាแแាแ แេแแ្แី แ៉ុแ្แែแិแแขแ
ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍។
• แីแិแแេแ្แแិแ
្แ
แិแแ្แាแแ แឺ “แិแแขាแ
แ
ំแាแแើแแแแ្แแាแแแិแ แិแแแแ្แាแ់” แ ើแแើแ្แើ แ្แាแ់แាแแឹแแ្แាแแា
แแ្แុแแិแแขแ់แ្แแ់។
• แ្แុแแិแแแែแแแ
្แ
េแแិแ្แា แិแแីแ្แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแាแ់แាแ់ แាแแំแ្แើแាแ แោแแិแแขแិแแ្แแំแាแแ្แី
แឺแិแแ្แแ់แ្แាแ់។
• แេแឹแแាំแ្แុแแ្แុแแ ៊ុแ แ្แូแแុแแแ់แแ្แแแแ្แីแ แ៉ុแ្แែ Covey แ្แแាแแា แ្แแិแแើแើแแិแแិแិแោแแើแขแាแแ
แោះแแ្แแแแ្แៃแេះแขាแ
แឹแแ្แាแแាแាแแแាแ័แแាแេแแ្แោแ។
• แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់៖ “Sharpen the saw” แិแแែแแแ្แាแ់แីแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแ៉ុแ្แោះแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแแ្แាแ់แ ិแแ្แแแ្แុ
แขាแីแแแ្แ แុแแាแ แិแแំแាแ់แំแแแ៏แូแ
แ្แា។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- (a) “I want it now.” People want things and want them now.
- (b) “I want money. I want a nice, big house, a nice car, the biggest and best entertainment center. I want it all and I deserve it.”
- (c) Though today’s “credit card” society makes it easy to “get now and pay later,” economic realities eventually set in…
- (d) …our purchases cannot outstrip our ongoing ability to produce.
- (e) Pretending otherwise is unsustainable.
- (f) The demands of interest are unrelenting and unforgiving.
- (g) Even working hard is not enough.
- (h) With the dizzying rate of change in technology and increasing competition… we must not only be educated, we must constantly re-educate and reinvent ourselves.
- (i) We must develop our minds and continually sharpen and invest in the development of our competencies to avoid becoming obsolete.
- (j) At work, the bosses drive results, and for good reason. Competition is fierce; survival is at stake.
- (k) The need to produce today is today’s reality and represents the demands of capital, but the real mantra of success is sustainability and growth.
- (l) You may be able to meet your quarterly numbers, but … are you making the necessary investment that will sustain and increase that success one, five, and ten years from now?
- (m) Our culture and Wall Street scream for results today.
- (n) But the principle of balancing the need to meet today’s demands with the need to invest in the capabilities that will produce tomorrow’s success is unavoidable.
- (o) The same is true of your health, your marriage, your family relationships, and your community needs.
KM แแ្แេแ៖
(a–b) แแ្แេแ “I want it now” แិแแแ្แីแข្แីแแែแแ
แ់แាแ។
(c–g) แแ្แ ាแแ្แោះแ្แាแ់แៃแแ្แแแ៌แាแแំแុแ แិแแ្แាแ់แាแแិแแขแ់แ្แแ់។
(h–i) แแ្แ ាแแំแោះแ្แាแ៖ แៀแแกើแแិแ แแ្แើแแ្แួแแฏแ แិแแើแแแ្แแ់แแแ្แแាแ។
(j–n) แแ្แ ាแแាแแាแแឹแแแាแแแ្แแแแ្แៃแេះ แិแแាแแិแិแោแแขแាแแ។
(o) แแ្แៀแแាแោแแាแแ៍แុแ្แแាแแេះ แขแុแแ្แแ
ំแោះแីแិแแាំแแូแ (แុแแាแ แ្แួแាแ แแ แแแ៍)។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- credit card society – แแ្แแแែแแាแแាแแ្แើแាแแฅแแាแ
- get now and pay later – แិแแฅแกូแ แូแាแ់แេแแ្แោแ
- economic realities – แាแแិแแេแ្แแិแ ្แ
- outstrip – แើแ แฌ แ្แแើแแាแ (แៅแីแេះ = แ ំแាแแើแแแแ្แแាแแแិแ)
- unsustainable – แិแแขាแ แឹแแ្แិแ/แแ្แាแៅแាแแូแ
- interest (on debt) – แ្แាแ់แាแ (แើแំแុแ)
- unrelenting / unforgiving – แិแแแ់แแ្แាแ / แិแแขแ់แขោแ
- dizzying rate of change – แ្แឿแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแ្แាំแแแ់แ្แាแ់ “แុแแិแ”
- re-educate – แៀแแกើแแិแ
- reinvent ourselves – แแ្แើแแ្แួแแฏแแกើแแិแ (แ្แូแแិแីแិแ แិแแแៀแแแ់)
- competencies – แแแ្แแាแ/แំแាแแែแแขាแ แ្แើแขោแแាแแแ្แแแ
- obsolete – แែแแ្แើ / แែแแាแแแ្แៃ (แៀแแាแួแแแ ្แ េแแិแ្แាแ្แី)
- drive results – แុแแฒ្แแាแแแ្แแแ
- fierce competition – แាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแแ្แាំแ
- survival is at stake – แแ្แ ាแแ់แាแแាแแីแិแแំแុแแាแ់แ័แ្แ
- quarterly numbers – แแ្แแแแ ិแแ្แแแ្แុแៅแ ុแแ្แីแាแ
- sustainability and growth – แាแแแ្แាแីแាំแ แិแแំแើแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• Direct quotes “I want it now… I deserve it.” show internal thoughts and consumer desire.
• “Though …, economic realities eventually set in” – concessive clause (“Though”) contrasts
easy credit with hard reality.
• “cannot outstrip” – modal “cannot” + verb, expresses limitation / natural law.
• “Pretending otherwise is unsustainable.” – gerund (“Pretending”) as subject of the sentence.
• Parallel structure: “re-educate and reinvent,” “sharpen and invest,” “sustain and increase.”
• “The real mantra of success is …” – “mantra” used metaphorically for core guiding idea.
• Rhetorical question: “are you making the necessary investment…?” invites self-reflection.
KM:
• แแ្แแ់แែแ “I want …” แแ្แ ាแแំแกេแแ្แុแแ
ិแ្แแข្แแแ្แើแ្แាแ់។
• “Though …, …” แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แแ្แែแแិแ៖ แោះแីแា (แាแแข្แីแាแ) แ៏ “แាแแិแ” แ៏แแแแแើแ។
• แិแិแាแแ្แ “pretending” แ្แូแแាแแ្แើแាแ្แแាแ (“Pretending otherwise is unsustainable.”)។
• แแ
แាแแ្แ័แ្แแ្แแៀแ (parallelism) แแ្แើแแขំแាแ
แិแแាแแ
แแ
ាំ។
• แំแួแแែแแេแូแិแ แាแ់แាแแฒ្แแข្แแแขាแแិแแขំแីแីแិแแ្แួแแฏแ แិแแែแแុំแ
แ្แើแแ្แាแ់។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
• Structure moves from: desire → easy credit → hard economic law → need for self-renewal →
short-term pressure → long-term principle.
• The first part uses short, emotional sentences and quotes → shows feelings (“I want …”).
• The middle uses explanatory sentences about debt, interest, technology, competition.
• The end uses abstract nouns and principles: “sustainability,” “growth,” “capabilities,”
“success.”
• This mirrors Habit 7 (Sharpen the Saw): balance between Production (P) and
Production Capability (PC).
KM:
• แំแាแ់แំแិแ៖ แាแแ
แ់แាแแ្แាแแ → แฅแแាแแាแแ្แួแ → แ
្แាแ់แេแ្แแិแ
្แ
→ แแ្แូแแฒ្แแขแិแแ្แแ្แួแ →
แแ្แាแแแ្แแแแ្แី → แោแแាแแ៍แขแ់แแ្แแាแិแ
្แ
។
• แแ្แែแแើแแ្แើแ្แแោแแ្แី แិแแแ្แแ់ แើแ្แីแแ្แแขាแแ្แแ៍។
• แแ្แាแแ្แើแ្แแោแแแ្แแ់แขំแីแំแុแ แ្แាแ់แាแ แแ
្แ
េแแិแ្แា แាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแ។
• แ
ុแแ្แោแแกើแแៅแแ្แិแแោแแាแแ៍ แិแแขแ្แแ័แ (sustainability / growth / future).
• แេះแាแแៀแแแแេแแែแแើแแីแឿแแ៉ាแแាแ់แ្แែแ แៅแោแแាแแ៍แូแៅ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: money, house, car, center, society, realities, purchases, ability, interest, change, competition, markets, technology, minds, competencies, results, competition, survival, capital, mantra, success, numbers, investment, capabilities, health, marriage, relationships, community.
- Verbs: want, deserve, makes, get, pay, set in, remind, outstrip, pretend, are (unrelenting), must (re-educate, reinvent), develop, sharpen, invest, avoid, drive, is (at stake), meet, sustain, increase, scream, produce.
- Adjectives: nice, big, biggest, best, economic, ongoing, unsustainable, unrelenting, unforgiving, dizzying, increasing, necessary, unavoidable.
- Adverbs / phrases: eventually, sometimes, constantly, continually, now, later, today, tomorrow.
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This paragraph reflects modern consumer culture, especially in developed economies where credit cards, advertising, and social media all push people toward instant gratification. Covey connects this to a deeper principle: societies, companies, and individuals must respect the balance between consumption and production. This is the same logic behind saving, investing, and continuous learning. It criticizes “quarterly capitalism” (only caring about short-term financial results) and reminds us that marriages, families, and communities also collapse if we only “withdraw” and never “deposit.”
KM: แขแ្แแแแេះแ្แួแแแ្แแแ៌แ្แើแ្แាแ់แแ័แแ្แី แាแិแេแแៅแ្แแេแแงแ្แាแ แแ្แ แែแแាแแฅแแាแ แាแិแ្แแแ្แ แិแแแ្แាแแแ្แแ แំแុแแំแុแแแុแ្แแฒ្แ “แแួแแីแแាแแ្แាแแ” (instant gratification)។ Coveyแ្แាแ់แា แៅแោแแាแแ៍แ្แាแแ្แៅแា แแ្แแ แ្แុแแ ៊ុแ แិแแแុแ្แ แ្แូแแោแแแុแ្แแាแแแាแ “แាแแ្แើแ្แាแ់” แិแ “แាแแแិแ”។ แេះแាแំแិแแូแ แ្แាแែแแៅแ្แោแแាแแ្แាแ់แแ្แំ แាแแិแិแោแ แិแแាแแៀแแាแិแ ្แ ។ แាแ់แំแុแแិះแแ់ “quarterly capitalism” แែแแ្แោแแែแแ្แแแแ្แីแ แ ើแแំแឹแแា แាแแៀแแាแ แ្แួแាแ แិแแแ แแแ៍แ៏แขាแ แាแ់แែแแាแ แ្แแិแแើแើแแែ “แแแ្แាแ់แ េแ” แែแ៉ុแ្แោះ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแ “แាแ់แ្แាแ់แ ូแ” แៅแ្แុแแแแីแขាแแ្แแ៍ แិแแំแាแ់แំแแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs & Phrases แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ & แแៀแแិแាแ
• I want it now – แ្แុំแ
แ់แฅแกូแแេះ (แแ្แ ាแแ
ិแ្แแិแแขแ់แ្แแ់).
• get now and pay later – แិแแฅแกូแ แូแាแ់แេแแ្แោแ។
• realities set in – แាแแិแแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแ៉ះแแแើแីแិแแើแ។
• purchases cannot outstrip our ability to produce – แាแแ
ំแាแแិแแขាแ
แើแแแแ្แแាแแแแ្แាแ់។
• re-educate and reinvent ourselves – แៀแแกើแแិแ แិแแแ្แើแแ្แួแแฏแแกើแแិแ។
• sharpen and invest in … competencies – แแ្แแោแแាំแិแ แិแแិแិแោแแើแំแាแ។
• drive results – แុแแฒ្แแាแแแ្แแแ។
• survival is at stake – แแ់แាแแាแแីแិแแំแុแแាแ់แ័แ្แ។
• scream for results today – แ្แែแแាแแាแแแ្แแแแ្แាแแ (แแៀแแិแាแแ្แុแ).
• balance the need to … – แแแុแ្แแាแแแាแแแ្แូแแាแ (A) แិแ (B)។
KM แงแាแ แแ៍แ្แើแ្แី៖
• If our purchases outstrip our ability to produce, debt will control our lives.
• True leaders balance the need to produce today with the need to build future capacity.
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
Blame and victimism. Wherever you find a problem, you will usually find the finger-pointing of blame. Society is addicted to playing the victim. “If only my boss wasn’t such a controlling idiot… If only I hadn’t been born so poor… If only I lived in a better place… If only I hadn’t inherited such a temper from my dad… If only my kids weren’t so rebellious… If only the other department didn’t mess up orders all the time… If only we weren’t in such a declining industry… If only our people weren’t so lazy and without drive… If only my wife was more understanding… If only… If only.” Blaming everyone and everything else for our problems and challenges may be the norm and may provide temporary relief from the pain, but it also chains us to these very problems. Show me someone who is humble enough to accept and take responsibility for his or her circumstances and courageous enough to take whatever initiative is necessary to creatively work his or her way through or around these challenges, and I’ll show you the supreme power of choice.
แាแแแ្แោแ แិแแ ិแ្แแាแแแแแ្แោះ (victimism)។ แីแាแែแแាแแแ្แ ា แើแแាแแ ្แើแแឹแแើแแាแแ แ្แขុแแ្แាแแៃแแ្แោแ។ แแ្แแแแ្แแ្แៃ แាแแแ្แាแ់ “แแ្แែแแាแแแแแ្แោះ” แ៉ាแแ្แាំแ។ “แ្แแិแแើแេแាแแแแ់แ្แុំแិแแែแแាแแុแ្แแ្แขแ់แ្แួแแ្แា แែแแេះแេ… แ្แแិแแើแ្แុំแិแแើแแแแ្แីแ្แแែแแេះ… แ្แแិแแើแ្แុំแแ់แៅแแ្แែแแ្แขแាแแេះ… แ្แแិแแើแ្แុំแិแแแួแแแ แូแแแ្แแ្แិแៃแាแ ់แុំแ្แៅแ្แแ ាแแីแชแុแ… แ្แแិแแើแូแแ្แុំแិแแขះแขាแแ្แแាំแแែแแេះ… แ្แแិแแើแ្แែแแ្แេแ แិแแំแ្แាแแាแแแ្แាแិแแាแិแ ្แ … แ្แแិแแើแើแแិแแ្แិแแ្แុแแงแ្แាแ แแ្แแ្แាแ់แ ុះแែแแេះ… แ្แแិแแើแแុแ្แแแแ់แើแ แិแแ្แិแ แិแแ្แាแแ ិแ្แแ្แឹแแ្แែแแែแแេះ… แ្แแិแแើแ្แแแ្แแ្แុំแแ់แ ិแ្แแ្แុំแ ្แើแแាแแេះ… แ្แាแ់… แ្แាแ់…”។ แាแแแ្แោแแข្แแแแៃ แិแแข្แីแแាំแแขแ់แ ំแោះแแ្แ ា แិแแแ្แ ាแ្แแแแแแ់แើแ แขាแ แាแឿแแแ្แแាแិแแขាแ แ្แแ់แាแแแ្แូแแแ្แិแ แេแแ្แីแីแាแแឺแ ាแ់ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแាแ់แ្แែแ แแើแแฒ្แแាแ់แឹแแแ្แ ាแ្แាំแแាแแុแ។ แើแขោแแ្แុំแើแแแុแ្แแ្แាแ់แែแแាแแាแแแ់แ្แแ់ แ្แแ់แ្แាแ់แ្แុแแាแแแួแแ្แាแ់ แិแแแួแแុแแ្แូแแ ំแោះแ្แាแแាแแ៍แแแ់แ្แួแ แ ើแแាแแាแแ្แាแ ាแแ្แแ់แ្แាแ់แ្แុแแាแแ ាแ់แแ แฑแាแ แិแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแៀแแ ំแ แแាแាแួแ แើแ្แីแ្แแแแោแแ ្แៃแ្แแិแ แំแាแ់แฌแួแแ្แแแាแ់แแ្แ ាแាំแแោះ แើแแឹแแើแ “แขំแាแ แ៏แขแ្แ ាแ្แแแแ់แแ្แើแ”។
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN (summary meaning):
Covey explains that when problems appear, people usually react by blaming others and acting like victims. He lists “If only …” excuses—blaming the boss, parents, children, coworkers, industry, employees, and spouse. Blaming may feel normal and give short-term emotional relief, but it traps us inside the problem. In contrast, a truly effective person is humble enough to accept responsibility and courageous enough to take initiative and act creatively. That kind of person demonstrates the highest power we have: the power to choose our response.
KM (แแแ្แែแขแ្แแ័แ): Covey แแ្แแ់แា แាแ់แេแแាแแแ្แ ា แើแแាแแ ្แើแแែแแៅแแ្แោแแข្แแแแៃ แ ើแแแ្แែแแូแ แាแแแแแ្แោះ។ แាแ់แแ្แីแงแាแ แแ៍ “แ្แแិแแើ…” แាแ ្แើแ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแแแិแេแ แិแแ្แាแាแแេแ แ េแแីแាแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ แោแแแ្แោแแេแាแแែแแ្แแ់แ្แแแ្แាំแ แชแុแ แូแ แ្แុแแាแแាแแ្แេแ แงแ្แាแ แแ្แ แแុแ្แแแ្แើแាแแាแ แฌแ្แแแ្แ។ แាแแแ្แោแแขាแ แាแាแแขแុแแ្แแแ្แแា แិแแขាแ แ្แแ់แាแแ្แាแแ ិแ្แแ្แីแ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแ្แើแฒ្แแើแแៅแាแ់ แឹแแแ្แ ា។ แ្แុแแៅแិแ แแុแ្แแែแแាแแ្แแិแ្แแាแ แិแแាแាแแាแแแ់แ្แแ់แ្แុแแាแแแួแแ្แាแ់ แិแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ แ ំแោះแ្แាแแាแแ៍แแแ់แ្แួแ แ ើแแាแแាแแ្แាแ ាแแ្แុแแាแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแแแฑแាแแ្แើแข្แីแួแ แើแ្แីแំแែแแแ្แ ា แฌแแ្แើแแំแោះแ្แាแแ្แីแ។ แេះแฏแแឺแាแាแแแ្แ ាแแขំแាแ แ្แแ់แំแុแแแแ់แแុแ្แ៖ แขំแាแ แ្แុแแាแแ្แើแแើแ แ แ្แើแแ្แើแแแแ់แ្แួแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
• Main idea: Blame and victim-thinking are a social habit that blocks real change.
• “Society is addicted to playing the victim” → victimhood is like an addiction that feels
good short term but harms long term.
• The long list of “If only…” excuses shows how we can blame almost anyone/anything instead
of looking at ourselves.
• Blame = short-term pain relief but creates long-term chains and powerlessness.
• Taking responsibility + initiative = freedom and inner power (the “supreme power of choice”).
• Inference: This is Habit 1 (Be Proactive) in action: choose your response instead of reacting
and complaining.
KM:
• แំแិแแំแាแ់៖ แាแแแ្แោแ แិแแំแិแ “แ្แុំแាแแแแแ្แោះ” แឺแាแแ្แាแ់แแ្แแ แែแแាแាំแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแិแ។
• “Society is addicted to playing the victim” แាแแ័แแា แแ្แแแឹแแ្แขែแแើแាแแแ្แែแแាแแแแแ្แោះ
แូแ
แាแាแแៀแ แែแแ្แើแฒ្แแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แขแ្แីแ แ៉ុแ្แែแំแ្แាแแូแแขแ្แែแ។
• แแ្แី “แ្แแិแแើ…” แแ្แ ាแแា แแុแ្แแขាแ
แแแូแแ េแុแើแ្แីแแ្แោแแข្แแแแៃแាแแ្แแ់แ
ំแ ៀแ
แោแแេแ
แ
េแแីแាแแើแแ្แួแแฏแ។
• แាแแแ្แោแ → แแ្แแแាแแឺแ
ាแ់แ្แីแ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแแ
ាแ់แើแแ្แុแแិแแ្แแแាแแៃแแ្แ ា แិแแាแแ្แះแขំแាแ
។
• แាแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ + แ
ាแ់แ្แើแแแแฑแាแ → แេแីแាแแាแแ្แុแ แិแแขំแាแ
แ្แแ់แំแុแแឺ “แแ្แើแ”។
• แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់៖ แេះแាแงแាแ แแ៍แ្แាแ់แៃ Habit 1 – Be Proactive (แแแ្แแแ្แើแแិแแែแแែแ្แแិแแ្แ)។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- (a) Blame and victimism.
- (b) Wherever you find a problem, you will usually find the finger-pointing of blame.
- (c) Society is addicted to playing the victim.
- (d) “If only my boss wasn’t such a controlling idiot…
- (e) If only I hadn’t been born so poor…
- (f) If only I lived in a better place…
- (g) If only I hadn’t inherited such a temper from my dad…
- (h) If only my kids weren’t so rebellious…
- (i) If only the other department didn’t mess up orders all the time…
- (j) If only we weren’t in such a declining industry…
- (k) If only our people weren’t so lazy and without drive…
- (l) If only my wife was more understanding… If only… If only.”
- (m) Blaming everyone and everything else … may be the norm and may provide temporary relief from the pain, but it also chains us to these very problems.
- (n) Show me someone who is humble enough to accept and take responsibility for his or her circumstances…
- (o) …and courageous enough to take whatever initiative is necessary to creatively work his or her way through or around these challenges,…
- (p) …and I’ll show you the supreme power of choice.
KM แแ្แេแ៖
(a–c) แំแแ់แ្แแាแแแ៖ แแ្แោแ แិแแ
ិแ្แแាแแแแแ្แោះ។
(d–l) แแ្แី “If only…” แាแ
្แើแ แแ្แ ាแแាแแួแ
แេแ
แីแាแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ។
(m) แขแិแ្แាแแขំแីแแแិแាแ៖ แាแแแ្แោแแแ្แแុแแแ្แแแ្แី แែแ
แแ្แួแแฏแแាแ់แแ្แ ា។
(n–p) แแ្แ ាแแំแូแแុแ្แแแแ្แแែแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ แិแแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแแแฑแាแ → แขំแាแ
แแ្แើแ។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- blame – แแ្แោแ, แាแ់แោแ
- victimism / playing the victim – แ ិแ្แแាแแแแแ្แោះ, แแ្แែแแាแ្แួแแែแแែแ៉ះแាแ់
- finger-pointing – แាแแ แ្แขុแแ្แាแแៃ (แแ្แោแแข្แแแแៃ)
- addicted to – แាแแแ្แាแ់ / แៀแแើแข្แីแួแ
- controlling (boss) – แ ូแแ្แួแแ្แាแ ្แើแแេแ
- rebellious – แขះแขាแแ្แแាំแ, แិแแ្แាแ់แแ្แាแ់
- declining industry – แงแ្แាแ แแ្แแំแុแแ្แាแ់แ ុះ
- without drive – แ្แាแแ ិแ្แแ្แឹแแ្แែแ / แិแแាแแ្แាแแីแแ្แុแแ្แួแ
- understanding (wife) – แแ់แ ិแ្แ, แขแ់แ្แแ់แแ់แឹแ
- the norm – แឿแแแ្แแា, แข្แីแែแแេแ្แើแាแแ្แាแ់
- temporary relief – แាแแแ្แូแแแ្แិแ แแ្แួแ แแ្แោះแขាแแ្แ
- chains us – แ แแ្แែแើแ, แ្แើแฒ្แแើแแាแ់
- humble – แแ់แ្แแ់, แិแแขួแแขាแ
- take responsibility – แแួแแុแแ្แូแ
- initiative – แាแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแំแ ាแแុแ, แแแ្แแាแแ แแា
- creatively – แោแแ ្แៃแ្แแិแ
- supreme – แ្แแ់แំแុแ, แขแ្แ ាแ្แแំแុแ
- the power of choice – แขំแាแ แៃแแ្แើแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• Noun phrase title: “Blame and victimism.” – no verb, just topic headline.
• “Wherever you find a problem, you will usually find…” – conditional-like pattern
with “wherever” showing general truth.
• Society is addicted to playing the victim – “addicted to + V-ing”.
• Long chain of conditional phrases: “If only …” = classic pattern of regret and excuse.
• may be the norm and may provide … but it also chains us – “may” shows possibility
/ common pattern, “but” introduces strong contrast.
• Show me someone who is … and …, and I’ll show you … – rhetorical structure used
to emphasize principle; “show me… and I’ll show you…” is parallel.
• “his or her” = gender-inclusive singular (also can be “their” in modern usage).
KM:
• แ
ំแแแើแแ្แាแ់แែแាแ្แុแแាแ “Blame and victimism” แិแแាแแិแិแាแแ្แ។
• “Wherever you find…” แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แแ្แ ាแแ
្แាแ់แូแៅ។
• แแៀแ “addicted to + V-ing” (addicted to playing)។
• “If only …” แាแ្แแោแแแ្แ ាแแាแแោแแ្แាแ/แែแ “แើแแ្แាแแុំแขแ័แแោแ” แแ្แ
េแแ
េแแីแ្แួแแฏแ។
• แแ
แាแแ្แ័แ្แ “Show me someone who … and …, and I’ll show you …” แាแแៀแแាแ្แแិแាแแើแ្แី
แแ្แแ់แ្แแ់แោแแាแแ៍។
• แាแแ្แើ “his or her circumstances” แ្แាแ់แขំแីแេแแាំแแីแ แ្แុแแ្แแោแแែแួแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
• Structure: short title → statement of general rule → list of emotional examples →
explanation of consequence → contrast example of responsible person.
• The “If only…” sentences are structurally similar (parallelism) → shows how excuses repeat
in different forms but same pattern.
• Final long sentence uses “someone who is … and … and …” to stack qualities:
humble + responsible + courageous + creative initiative.
• Ends with strong clause “the supreme power of choice” → thematic punch line of Habit 1.
KM:
• แแ
แាแ័แ្แ៖ แ
ំแแแើแแ្แី → แ
្แាแ់แូแៅ → แแ្แីแขាแแ្แแ៍ “If only…” → แแ្แแ់แแแិแាแ →
แงแាแ แแ៍แแុแ្แแแแ្แ។
• แ្แแោแ “If only …” แុแ្แแែแាแแแ
แាแแ្แ័แ្แแូแ
แ្แា → แាแแ
แแ
ាំ แិแแแ្แ ាแแំแាំแៃแขแ័แแោแ។
• แ្แแោแแ
ុแแ្แោแแ្แើ “someone who is … and … and …” แើแ្แីแុំแុแแแ្แแៈแាแ
្แើแแ្แុแแแុแ្แแ្แាแ់។
• แ
ុแแ្แោแแិแแោแ “the supreme power of choice” แែแแាแាแแแ្แแ់แ្แแ់แើแขំแាแ
แแ្แើแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: blame, victimism, problem, society, boss, place, temper, kids, department, orders, industry, people, wife, norm, relief, pain, chains, circumstances, initiative, challenges, power, choice.
- Verbs: find, is (addicted), wasn’t, had been born, lived, hadn’t inherited, weren’t, mess up, provide, chains, accept, take, work (through/around), show.
- Adjectives: controlling, poor, better, rebellious, declining, lazy, understanding, temporary, humble, courageous, supreme.
- Adverbs / phrases: usually, all the time, enough, creatively.
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This paragraph reflects a culture of blame that appears in workplaces, families, and society. It criticizes the habit of seeing ourselves as powerless victims of bosses, family background, economy, or other people. Covey connects this to a deeper leadership idea: true leaders own their situation and act, instead of complaining. This is central to proactive leadership and resilience—taking responsibility, using creativity, and choosing responses even in hard circumstances.
KM: แขแ្แแแแេះแแ្แ ាแแแ្แแแ៌ “แแ្แោแ แិแแแแแแ្แោះ” แែแแើแแាแแាំแแ្แុแแแ្แែแแ្แើแាแ แ្แួแាแ แិแแแ្แแแូแៅ។ Covey แំแុแแិះแแ់แแ្แាแ់แើแแ្แួแแฏแแាแ្แាแแขំแាแ แ្แូแแេแ្แแ់แ្แแแោแแេแាแแ្แាំแแ แ្แួแាแแើแ แូแ แ្แុแแាแแាแ แฌแ្แាแแាแแេแ្แแិแ ្แ ។ แាแ់แ្แាแ់แាแាแួแแំแិแแឹแแាំแា แេแឹแแាំแិแแិแแាแแ ំแាแแេแแ ្แើแแ្แុแแាแแ្แขូแแ្แขែแ แฌแាแ់แោแแข្แแแแៃแេ แែแแួแแុแแ្แូแ แិแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแ្แើแข្แីแួแ។ แេះแាแแ្แឹះแៃแាแแแแ្แ (proactive) แិแแាแแขแ់แ្แแ់ แแ់แ្แាំ (resilience) แែแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍៖ แแួแแ្แាแแាแแ៍ + แ្แើแข្แីแែแแขាแ แ្แើแាแ + แ្แើแแើแแ แ្แើแแ្แើแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs & Phrases แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ & แแៀแแិแាแ
• playing the victim – แแ្แែแแូแ
แាแแแแแ្แោះแាแិแ
្แ
។
• finger-pointing of blame – แាแแ
แ្แขុแแ្แាแแៃแแ្แោแแข្แแแแៃ។
• mess up orders – แំแ្แាแ/แូแ
แាแแแ្แាแិแ។
• may provide temporary relief – แขាแ
แ្แแ់แាแแแ្แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แแ្แោះแขាแแ្แ។
• chains us to these problems – แ
แแ្แែแើแแฒ្แแាแ់แឹแแแ្แ ាแាំแแេះ។
• take responsibility for … – แแួแแុแแ្แូแแ
ំแោះ…
• take initiative – แ
ាแ់แ្แើแแ្แើแំแ ាแแុแแេ។
• work his or her way through / around – แแแិแីแ្แแแាแ់ แฌแแ់แុំแិแแแ្แ ា។
• the supreme power of choice – แขំแាแ
แ្แแ់แំแុแแแแ់แแុแ្แแឺแแ្แើแแแแ់แ្แួแแฏแ។
KM แงแាแ แแ៍แ្แើ៖
• When we play the victim, we chain ourselves to the problem instead of solving it.
• True leaders take responsibility for their circumstances and take initiative to improve them.
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
Hopelessness. The children of blame are cynicism and hopelessness. When we succumb to believing that we are victims of our circumstances and yield to the plight of determinism, we lose hope, we lose drive, and we settle into resignation and stagnation. “I am a pawn, a puppet, a cog in the wheel and can do nothing about it. Just tell me what to do.” So many bright, talented people feel this and suffer the broad range of discouragement and depression that follows. The survival response of popular culture is cynicism—“just lower your expectations of life to the point that you aren’t disappointed by anyone or anything.” The contrasting principle of growth and hope throughout history is the discovery that “I am the creative force of my life.”
แាแแขแ់แแ្แឹแ (Hopelessness)។ แូแแ (แแแแ្แំ) แแแ់แាแแแ្แោแ แឺ “cynicism” (แ ិแ្แแុแแแ់ แិแแឿแើแข្แីแ្แขแេ) แិแแាแแขแ់แแ្แឹแ។ แេแแើแแ ាแ់แฒ្แแំแិแแា “แ្แួแแាแแแแแ្แោះแแแ់แ្แាแแាแ” แ ើแแឿแើแំแិแ determinism แា แข្แីแแ្แូแแាแแំแแ់แួแ แ ើแ แើแแាแ់แแ់แេแ แ្แីแแ្แឹแ แាแ់แแ់แแ្แាំแแុแแ ្แាแ แ ើแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแแ់แែแ “แះแแ់” แិแ “แាแ់แ្แុแแំแាแ់แាแ”។ “แ្แុំแ្แាแ់แែแាแាแ់แំแែแแូแ แ្แាแ់ แាแ្แាំแแแ់แួแ แែแแិแแขាแ แ្แើแข្แីแាแแេ។ แូแแ្แាแ់แ្แុំแែแข្แីแ្แូแแ្แើแ៉ុแ្แោះ។” แแុแ្แแ្แាแ แិแแោแแេแแេแแោแแ្แแាแ ្แើแ แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แែแแេះ แ ើแแแួแแแแាแแ្แាแ់แឹแแ ិแ្แ แិแแំแឺแាแแ្แូแ/แ្แាแ់แឹแแ ិแ្แแាแ ្แើแแแ្แិแ។ แ្แแិแแ្แแแ់แាแแៃแแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแំแើแ แឺ “cynicism” แោแแិแាแแា “แ្แាแ់แแ្แแแាแแំแឹแแុแแ ំแោះแីแិแ แแ់แแ្แិแแែแแข្แแแិแแ្แូแแแแ ិแ្แ แីแแแា แฌแข្แីแួแแេ”។ แ្แុแแៅแិแ แោแแាแแ៍แៃแាแแូแแាแ់ แិแแេแ แ្แីแแ្แឹแ แាំแแីแขแីแแាแแแ แឺแាแแแแើแแេแ แ្แីแិแแា “แ្แុំแាแขំแាแ แแ្แើแแីแិแแแแ់แ្แុំแฏแ”។
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN (summary meaning):
Covey says that when we live in blame, the “children” or results are cynicism and hopelessness. If we believe we are just victims and that life is fully controlled by outside forces (determinism), we lose hope and inner drive and become passive—like a small pawn or cog that can do nothing. Many talented people live like this and suffer discouragement and depression. Popular culture’s survival strategy is cynicism: expect less from life so you won’t be disappointed. The opposite, growth-giving principle is to discover that “I am the creative force of my life” and I can shape my future.
KM (แแแ្แែแขแ្แแ័แ): Covey แแ្แแ់แា แេแแើแแแ់แ្แុแแแ្แាแ់ “แแ្แោแ” แแแแ្แแแแែแแើแแกើแ (แូแแ) แឺแ ិแ្แแុแแแ់ (cynicism) แិแแាแแขแ់แแ្แឹแ។ แ្แแិแแើแើแแឿแា “แ្แួแแាแแแแแ្แោះ” แិแแឿแាแីแិแแ្แแ់แ៉ាแแ្แូแแាแแំแแ់แួแ แแแីแแ្แោแแ្แៅ (determinism) แើแแឹแแាแ់แแ់แេแ แ្แីแแ្แឹแ แាแ់แាแแិแแែแុแ แ ើแแแ្แแแ់แែแแះแแ់ แិแแិแแំแិแ (stagnation)។ แើแแិแแា “แ្แុំแ្แាแ់แែแាแាแ់แំแែแแូแ แ แិแแขាแ แ្แូแแข្แីแាแแេ แេแ្แាแ់แข្แីแ្แើ แ្แុំแ្แើแាแแ៉ុแ្แោះ”។ แแុแ្แแ្แាแแแាแ ្แើแแแ់แ្แុแแขាแแ្แแ៍แែแแេះ แិแแแួแแแแាแแ្แាแ់แឹแแ ិแ្แ แិแแំแឺแ្แាแ់แឹแแ ិแ្แ។ แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแំแើแ แ្แើแแแแោแ “cynicism” แឺแแ្แៀแแฑ្แ “แแ្แแแាแแំแឹแแុแ” แើแ្แីแុំแขោแแแแ ិแ្แ។ แែแោแแាแแ៍แ្แុแ แែแแាំแแแូแแំแើแ แិแแេแ แ្แីแแ្แឹแ แឺแាแแแแើแแា “แ្แុំแាแขំแាแ แแ្แើแแីแិแแแแ់แ្แុំแฏแ” แ ើแแ្แុំแขាแ แแ្แើแแขแាแแแแแ់แ្แួแแាแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
• Main idea: Living in blame leads to hopelessness and cynicism, which kill motivation.
• “Children of blame” → metaphor: results that naturally grow out of blame are negative
mindsets, not solutions.
• Determinism = belief that our life is controlled by forces we cannot change (fate, genes,
background, bosses, etc.).
• Inner story of the victim: “I am just a pawn/puppet/cog; I can’t do anything, just give me
orders.” → total loss of agency.
• Popular culture’s answer: become cynical and expect nothing, so you won’t be hurt.
• Deeper principle: growth and hope come when I see myself as the creative force in my life,
not as a helpless object.
• Inference: This continues Habit 1 (Be Proactive): shift from “I am a victim” to
“I am a creator.”
KM:
• แំแិแแំแាแ់៖ แាแแแ់แ្แុแแแ្แោแ แแ្แើแแ
ិแ្แแขแ់แแ្แឹแ แិแ cynicism
แែแแแ្แាแ់แแ្แាំแแុแแ
្แាแ។
• “Children of blame” แាแូแិแแាแិแ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแា แแแแ្แំแแ្แแាแិแៃแាแแแ្แោแ
แឺแំแិแแขแិแ្แแាแ แិแแែแแំแោះแ្แាแ។
• determinism = แំแិแแា แីแិแแាំแแូแแ្แแ់แ្แแแោแแแ្แាแាแแ្แៅ
แែแแើแแិแแขាแ
แ្แូแแាแ (แាแិแូแ แขแីแแាแ แេแាแแើแ្แាแ…)។
• แូแแាแแ្แួแแាแแแแแ្แោះ៖ “pawn / puppet / cog” แแ្แ ាแแា แ្แួแแ្แាแ់แែแាแข្แីแូแ
แែแแិแแាแแិแ្แិแំแแ់แិแแៅแ្แួแแฏแ។
• แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแេះ แแ្แៀแแฒ្แแាแ cynicism แោแแแ្แแแាแแំแឹแแុแ
แោแแិแแា แោះแាแិแីแាแแាแแ្แួแแីแាแแแแ
ិแ្แ។
• แោแแាแแ៍แាแ់แ្แែแแែแแែแ្แុแ៖ แំแើแ แិแแេแ
แ្แីแแ្แឹแแើแแกើแแេแแើแแแ់แា
“แ្แុំแាแข្แแแแ្แើแแីแិแแแแ់แ្แុំ” แិแแែแแាแแ្แុแขแแแ្แแេ។
• แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់៖ แแ្แ Habit 1 – แ្แូแแី victim → creator។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- (a) Hopelessness.
- (b) The children of blame are cynicism and hopelessness.
- (c) When we succumb to believing that we are victims of our circumstances and yield to the plight of determinism, we lose hope, we lose drive, and we settle into resignation and stagnation.
- (d) “I am a pawn, a puppet, a cog in the wheel and can do nothing about it. Just tell me what to do.”
- (e) So many bright, talented people feel this and suffer the broad range of discouragement and depression that follows.
- (f) The survival response of popular culture is cynicism—“just lower your expectations of life to the point that you aren’t disappointed by anyone or anything.”
- (g) The contrasting principle of growth and hope throughout history is the discovery that “I am the creative force of my life.”
KM แแ្แេแ៖
(a–b) แំแแ់แ្แแាแแแ៖ แขแ់แแ្แឹแแាแូแ (แแแแ្แំ) แៃแាแแแ្แោแ។
(c) แេแแឿแា แ្แួแแាแแแแแ្แោះ แិแแឿแើ determinism → แាแ់แแ្แឹแ แាแ់แแ្แាំแ แแ់แែแแះแแ់។
(d) แំแី victim แាแแแแំแិแแ្แួแแฏแ។
(e) แ៉ះแាแ់แแ់แแុแ្แแ្แាแแแាแ
្แើแ (discouragement + depression)។
(f) แិแីแាแแាแแ្แួแแแแ់แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแ្แី៖ cynicism (แแ្แแแាแแំแឹแแុแ)។
(g) แោแแាแแ៍แ្แុแ៖ แแแើแแា “แ្แុំแាแขំแាแ
แแ្แើแแីแិแแ្แួแแฏแ”។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- hopelessness – แាแแขแ់แแ្แឹแ
- children of blame – แូแแ/แแแแ្แំแแแ់แាแแแ្แោแ
- cynicism – แ ិแ្แแិแแឿแើแข្แីแ្แขแេ, แុแแแ់แ ំแោះแแុแ្แ/แីแិแ
- succumb to – แ ាแ់แฒ្แ, แฑ្แแขំแាแ แฒ្แ
- victims of our circumstances – แាแแแแแ្แោះแแแ់แ្แាแแាแแីแិแ
- determinism – แ្แឹแ្แីแាแីแិแแ្แូแแាแแំแแ់แួแ (แ្แាแแแ្แើแแិแ)
- lose drive – แាแ់แแ្แាំแแុแแ ្แាแ, แាแ់แ ិแ្แแិแแំ
- resignation – แះแแ់แ ិแ្แ, แ្แាแ់แ ិแ្แแแួแแែแ “แែแแ ើแ”
- stagnation – แាแแแ់แขแិแแ្แ, แាแ់แ្แុแแីแាំแแแែแ
- pawn – แាแ់แំแែแแូแ แ (แ្แុแแ្แែแแขុแ)
- puppet – แាแแ្แែแ្แแ់แ្แแ, แแុแ្แแែแแេแ្แแ់แ្แแ
- cog in the wheel – แ្แាំแแแ់แូแ แួแแ្แុแแ្แแ័แ្แแំ, แแុแ្แแូแ แ្แាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แแាแ
- discouragement – แាแแ្แាแ់แឹแแ ិแ្แ
- depression – แំแឺแ្แាแ់แឹแแ ិแ្แ
- survival response – แ្แแិแแ្แแแแិแីแแ់แាแ
- lower your expectations – แแ្แแแាแแំแឹแแុแ
- contrasting principle – แោแแាแแ៍แ្แុแ
- creative force – แขំแាแ แแ្แើแ, แแ្แាំแแแ្แើแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
• “The children of blame are cynicism and hopelessness.” – metaphorical
“children of …” showing results.
• When we succumb to … and yield to …, we lose …, we lose …, and we settle … –
“when”-clause + series of three results (parallel structure).
• I am a pawn, a puppet, a cog in the wheel – three appositive nouns, all describing
the same “I” in different images.
• So many bright, talented people feel this and suffer … – “so many” + plural noun
to emphasize how common this is.
• just lower your expectations … to the point that … – “to the point that” expresses
end result condition.
• the discovery that “I am the creative force of my life” – noun “discovery” followed
by “that-clause” as its object.
KM:
• “children of blame” แ្แើ “children” แាแូแិแแាแិแ แិแแែแแូแแូแแិแแេ แែแាแแแแ្แแแ។
• แแ
แាแแ្แ័แ្แ “When we …, we …, we …, and we …” แា parallelism แแ្แ ាแแแแ៉ះแាแ់แាแ
្แើแ។
• “a pawn, a puppet, a cog” แាแាแแំแแ (appositive) แแ៌แាแแុแ្แแែแ្แាแ់แ្แុแแូแแាแแ្แេแแแ្แា។
• “to the point that …” แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แแ្แ ាแแแ្แិแแែแแแ្แแแแើแแกើแ។
• “discovery that …” → “that-clause” แាแข្แីแែแแេแแแើแ (object)។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
• Structure: topic word “Hopelessness” → definition using metaphor → long “when we…”
cause-and-effect sentence → inner victim quote → impact on people → cultural response →
contrasting principle.
• Strong use of contrast: victim mindset vs. creative mindset; cynicism vs. hope and growth.
• Parallel lists (“we lose hope, we lose drive, and we settle…”) create rhythm and emphasis.
• Ends with a short, powerful “I am the creative force of my life.” – identity statement.
KM:
• แាแแ្แแោแแើแ៖ แំแแ់แ្แแាแแแแขแ់แแ្แឹแ → แแ្แ ាแแូแแ េแុ → แแ្แ ាแแแแ៉ះแាแ់ →
แំแី victim → แ្แแិแแ្แแแ្แแแ៌ → แោแแាแแ៍แ្แុแแែแแាแแេแ
แ្แីแแ្แឹแ។
• แ្แើ contrast แ្แាំแ៖ victim vs. creator, cynicism vs. growth & hope។
• แ្แแោแแ
ុแแ្แោแแាแ្แแោแแแ្แែแแขแ្แแแ្แាแ “I am the creative force of my life”
แែแแขាแ
แแแៅแ្แើ affirmation แ្แាแ់แ្แួแแាแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: hopelessness, children, blame, cynicism, victims, circumstances, plight, determinism, hope, drive, resignation, stagnation, pawn, puppet, cog, wheel, discouragement, depression, response, culture, expectations, life, principle, growth, force.
- Verbs: succumb (to), believe, yield (to), lose, settle (into), can do, tell, feel, suffer, follows, lower, aren’t disappointed, is (the discovery).
- Adjectives: bright, talented, broad (range), popular (culture), creative (force), contrasting.
- Adverbs / phrases: just (tell me / just lower), so many, throughout history.
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This reflects a modern cultural pattern: under stress and disappointment, people often move into cynicism (“nothing really works, people always let you down”) and hopelessness. In many workplaces and societies, intelligent people feel like small parts in a huge machine. Covey challenges this passive, victim-based identity and invites readers to adopt a creator-based identity. Historically, leaders and change-makers have seen themselves as creative forces, not passive victims, and that mindset fuels innovation, responsibility, and resilience.
KM: แេះแ្แแៃแីแแ្แแៈแแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแំแើแ៖ แេแแួแแแាแ័แ แฌแแ្แ ា แើแแាแแ្แាแ់แ ូแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แ cynicism แិแแขแ់แแ្แឹแ แោแแិแแា “แข្แីแ៏แិแแំแើแแាแแេ แแុแ្แแ៏แ្แើแฒ្แแแแ ិแ្แแាแិแ ្แ ”។ แៅแแ្แែแแ្แើแាแแំแ แแុแ្แแ្แាแแាแ ្แើแแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แូแ แាแ្แាំแแแ់แូแ แួแแ្แុแแแ្แแាแ។ Covey แំแឹแแฒ្แแើแ แ្แែแីแขแ្แแแ្แាแ victim แแแា creator។ แាំแแីแขแីแแាแ แแแแ់แแ័แแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ แแុแ្แแែแแแ្แើแ แំแែแแ្แแ់ แិแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ แំแ แៅแែแាแแុแ្แแែแแแ់แា “แ្แុំแขាแ แแ្แើแ แិแแฅแ្แិแแแើแីแិแแ្แួแแฏแ”។
9. Phrasal Verbs & Phrases แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ & แแៀแแិแាแ
• children of blame – แแแแ្แំแแแ់แាแแแ្แោแ។
• succumb to (believing …) – แ
ាแ់แฒ្แแំแិแแាแួแ។
• yield to the plight of determinism – แះแแ់แ្แួแแฒ្แแំแិแแា “แข្แីแแំแแ់แួแ
”។
• settle into resignation and stagnation – แแ់แិแแំ แិแแแ់แែแแះแแ់แ្แុแแីแាំแแแែแ។
• a pawn / a puppet / a cog in the wheel – แូแិแแាแិแแแ្แ ាแแแុแ្แแขแแแ្แ
แែแแេแแ្แា។
• lower your expectations of life – แแ្แแแាแแំแឹแแុแแ
ំแោះแីแិแ។
• the creative force of my life – แขំแាแ
แแ្แើแแីแិแแแแ់แ្แួแแฏแ។
KM แงแាแ แแ៍แ្แើ៖
• When I succumb to victim thinking, I settle into hopelessness.
• When I remember that I am the creative force of my life, I stop blaming and start building.
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“Lack of life balance. Life in our cell phone society is increasingly complex, demanding, stressful, and absolutely exhausting. For all our efforts to manage our time, do more, be more, and achieve greater efficiency through the wonders of modern technology, why is it we increasingly find ourselves in the ‘thick of thin things’—subordinating health, family, integrity, and many of the things that matter most to our work? The problem is not our work, which is the sustaining engine of life. It’s not the complexity or change. The problem is that our modern culture says, ‘go in earlier, stay later, be more efficient, live with the sacrifice for now’—but the truth is that balance and peace of mind are not produced by these; they follow the person who develops a clear sense of his or her highest priorities and who lives with focus and integrity toward them.”
«แแ្แះแុแ្แแាแแីแិแ។ แីแិแแแแ់แើแแ្แុแแแ្แแแ្แាแแ ្แូแแแ្แแ្แៃ แាแ់แែแ្แុแแ្แាแ แแ្แូแแ ្แើแ แោแแេแแោแแแ្แាแ แិแแ្แើแฒ្แแ แ់แឿแแ្แាំแ។ แោះแើแแំแ្แแ់แ្แแแេแแេแា แំแ្แើแฒ្แแាแแ ្แើแ แាแแុแ្แแ្แขแាแแុแ แិแแแแ្แแិแ្แแាแแ្แแ់แាแแុแแាแแแៈแแ ្แ េแแិแ្แាแំแើแ แែแ េแុแข្แីแាแแា แើแแែแแើแแ្แួแแฏแแាแ់แ្แួแแៅแ្แុแ «แ្แុแแាแแាแแូแ แ» — แាแ់แុแแាแ แ្แួแាแ แុแ แិแแแ៌ แិแแឿแแំแាแ់แแាแ ្แើแ แាแแ្แាแ់แแ្แแ់แីแាแแាแ? แแ្แ ាแិแแែแแាแแាแ แែแแแ៉ូแ័แแំแាแ់แៃแីแិแแกើแ។ แិแแែแแាแแ្แុแแ្แាแ แฌแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแแแែแ។ แแ្แ ាแឺแแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแ្แីแិแាแแា «แ ូแแ្แើแាแแฒ្แแេแแុแ แ្แិแแៅแូแแាแแុแ แ្แើแฒ្แแាแแ្แแិแ្แแាแแាแ់แែแ ្แើแ แขแ់แ្แោแแแแួแแขំแើแាំแแេះแាแแ្แោះแขាแแ្แ» — แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแុแ្แแាแ แិแแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แแិแแើแแ េแแីแแៀแแแ់แេះแกើแ។ แាแាแแូแแแុแ្แแែแแំแแ់แាแแ៉ាแแ ្แាแ់แា แขាแិแាแแ្แแ់แំแុแแ្แុแแីแិแแាแ់แឺแข្แី แ ើแแแ់แៅแោแแ្แោแแขាแแ្แแ៍ แិแแុแ แិแแแ៌แៅแើแា។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: The paragraph explains that modern, phone-driven life is overloaded and exhausting. We sacrifice health, family, and integrity for work and efficiency, but real balance and peace come only when we clearly know our highest priorities and live with focus and integrity toward them.
KM: แขแ្แแแแេះแแ្แแ់แា แីแិแแแ័แแ្แាแแ ្แូแแេแแោแแិแ ្แ แាแ แិแแแ្แាแ แ្แើแฒ្แแើแแ แ់แឿแ แ ើแแើแแแ្แាแ់แុแแាแ แ្แួแាแ แិแแុแ แិแแแ៌ แើแ្แីแេแแាแแាแแាแ แិแแ្แแិแ្แแាแ។ แែแាแแុแ្แแាแ แិแแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แแិแแ្แាแแ แិแแแแីแាแแ្แើแាแแ ្แើแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแแแីแាแแแ់แ ្แាแ់แីแขាแិแាแแ្แแ់แំแុแแ្แុแแីแិแ แ ើแแแ់แោแแុแ แិแ แិแแ្แោแแើแขាแិแាแแោះแាแិแ ្แ ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper message is that being busy and connected all the time does not equal a good life. Technology and hard work are not the real enemy; the problem is a culture that pushes us to sacrifice what matters most. True leadership starts from inside, when we choose priorities and protect them.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ «แแแ់» แិแแ្แើแឹแ «แแ់แ្แข» แេ។ แแ ្แ េแแិแ្แា แិแแាแแំแ្แើแាแ แិแแែแแាแแ្แូแแេ แแ្แ ាแឺแแ្แแแ៌แែแแแ្แ ុះแแ្แ ូแแฒ្แแើแแោះแแ់แឿแแំแាแ់แ។ แេแឹแแាំแិแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแីแាแแ្แុแ แេแแើแแ្แើแแขាแិแាแ แិแแាแแាแแា។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- Lack of life balance. – main problem statement.
- Life in our cell phone society is increasingly complex, demanding, stressful, and absolutely exhausting. – describes the modern environment.
- For all our efforts… why is it we increasingly find ourselves in the ‘thick of thin things’…? – a question showing the paradox: more effort, less meaning.
- The problem is not our work… It’s not the complexity or change. – clarifies what the real problem is not.
- The problem is that our modern culture says, ‘go in earlier, stay later…’ – identifies the real source: unhealthy cultural messages.
- But the truth is that balance and peace of mind… follow the person who develops a clear sense of… priorities… – final answer: inner clarity and integrity create balance.
KM: แ្แแោแแំแแែแแ ែแแា (แก) แិแแ៌แាแแ្แ ា (แแ្แះแុแ្แแាแ), (แข) แិแแ៌แាแแាแแីแិแแแ័แแ្แាแแ ្แូแ, (แฃ) แំแួแแแៀแแแ់ «แแแ់แែแិแแំแាแ់», (แค) แแិแេแแាแแ្แ ាแិแแែแแាแแាแ แฌแាแแ្แុแแ្แាแ, แិแ (แฅ) แ្แแ់แ แ្แើแแា แុแ្แแាแแើแแីแขាแិแាแแាแแ្แុแ แិแแុแ แិแแแ៌។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- life balance – a healthy mix of work, family, health, rest, and purpose. → แុแ្แแាแแីแិแ
- cell phone society – a society where phones dominate daily life. → แแ្แแแ្แាแแ ្แូแ
- demanding – requiring a lot of effort and energy. → แแ្แូแแ្แាំแ
- exhausting – making you extremely tired. → แ្แើแฒ្แแ แ់แឿแแ្แាំแ
- thick of thin things – being very busy with things that don’t really matter. → แแแ់แ្แាំแแាแួแแឿแแូแ แแិแแំแាแ់
- sustaining engine of life – something that keeps life going (here: work). → แ៉ាแ៊ីแแแ្แแីแិแ
- peace of mind – a calm, inner sense of peace and security. → แេแ แ្แីแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แ
- highest priorities – the most important things above everything else. → แขាแិแាแแ្แแ់แំแុแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: The passage uses a rhetorical question (“why is it we increasingly find ourselves…?”) to invite reflection, not to get a direct answer. Parallel structures like “go in earlier, stay later, be more efficient” create rhythm and emphasize the cultural pressure. The contrast “The problem is not X… It’s not Y… The problem is that…” is a classic pattern to clarify thinking.
KM: แขแ្แแแแេះแ្แើแំแួแแូแិแ “why is it we increasingly find ourselves…?” แើแ្แីแฒ្แแข្แแแขាแแិแ แិแแែแแแ្แាแ់แ แ្แើแแ្แាแ់។ แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแ៉ាแ៉ាแกែแ “go in earlier, stay later, be more efficient” แแ្แើแแំแាំแแ្แេแ แិแแแ្แាแ់แแ្แាแแแ្แแแ៌។ แំแាំ “The problem is not X… It’s not Y… The problem is that…” แាแแៀแแแแេแแែแแួแแขោแแំแិแแ ្แាแ់។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
Pattern:
Life in our [modern context] is increasingly [adj, adj, adj].For all our efforts to [verb], [verb], and [verb], why is it we [negative result]?The problem is not [A]. It’s not [B]. The problem is that [C]…Balance and peace of mind are not produced by [X]; they follow the person who [Y] and who [Z].
KM: แข្แแแขាแ แแแំแាំแាំแแេះแៅแ្แើแ្แុแแขแ្แแแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แូแ แា៖ “The problem is not our construction projects. It’s not the complexity of the design. The problem is that we ignore our team’s health and family priorities…”.
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: life balance, society, efforts, time, efficiency, technology, health, family, integrity, work, problem, culture, truth, balance, peace of mind, priorities, resources
- Verbs: is, are, find, subordinating, matter, says, go, stay, be, live, follow, develops
- Adjectives: complex, demanding, stressful, exhausting, modern, clear, highest
- Adverbs: increasingly, absolutely
- Phrases: thick of thin things, sustaining engine of life, peace of mind
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: The text describes “hustle culture” and the smartphone era, where people feel pressure to be always available and productive. Covey’s message pushes against this culture by returning to timeless principles: health, family, integrity, and clear priorities.
KM: แขแ្แแแแិแแ៌แាแขំแីแแ្แแแ៌ “แំแแ់แแ” แិแแុแแแ័แแ្แាแแ ្แូแ แែแแแុแ្แแាแแแ្แាแแ្แូแแែแាแแขแแกាแแាแិแ ្แ แិแแแិแแแ្แแ្แាំแ។ แាแ Covey แាแ់แឹแแា แោแแขแ្แើแแើแแ្แแแ់แៅแាแ់แោแแាแแ៍แขแ ិแ្แ្แៃแ៍៖ แុแแាแ แ្แួแាแ แុแ แិแแแ៌ แិแแขាแិแាแแ ្แាแ់แាแ់។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: The phrase “find ourselves in the ‘thick of thin things’” acts like a phrasal idea: we suddenly realize we are deeply involved in unimportant tasks. Also, “follow the person who…” shows that balance and peace come after (follow) the kind of person we become.
KM: “find ourselves in the ‘thick of thin things’” แាแแ័แแា แแ់แើแแា แើแแាแ់แแแ់แ្แាំแแាแួแแឿแแូแ แแិแแំแាแ់។ “follow the person who…” แแ្แ ាแแា แុแ្แแាแ แិแแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แ «แើแแាแ» แ្แแេแแแុแ្แแែแแើแแ្แាแแាแែแ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“What’s in it for me?” Our culture teaches us that if we want something in life, we have to “look out for number one.” It says, “Life is a game, a race, a competition, and you better win it.” Schoolmates, work colleagues, even family members are seen as competitors—the more they win, the less there is for you. Of course we try to appear generous and cheer for others’ successes, but inwardly, privately, so many of us are eating our hearts out when others achieve. Many of the great things in the history of our civilization have been achieved by the independent will of a determined soul. But the greatest opportunities and boundless accomplishments of the Knowledge Worker Age are reserved for those who master the art of “we.” True greatness will be achieved through the abundant mind that works selflessly—with mutual respect, for mutual benefit.
«“What’s in it for me?” (แ្แុំแแួแแข្แី?) แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแ្แី แแ្แៀแแើแแា แើแ แ់แាแแข្แីแួแแ្แុแแីแិแ แើแแ្แូแ “แើแแ្แួแแฏแแាแេแแួแ” แាแុแแេ។ แាแិแាแแា “แីแិแแឺแាแ្แែแ แ្แแួแ แ្แแាំแ แ ើแแข្แแแ្แូแแ្แះแា”។ แិแ្แแួแแ្แាแ់ แិแ្แแួแแាแแាแ แោះแแាแិแแ្แួแាแแ្แាแ់ แ៏แ្แូแแាแแើแแាแាแូแ្แแួแ — แេแแេแ្แះแฒ្แแាแแ ្แើแ แឺแៅแแ់แข្แីแแិแ แាแแแ្แាแ់แើแ។ แាแ្แៃแ្แៅ แើแแ្แាแាแแើแแៅแូแ แាแแុแ្แแាแแ ិแ្แแូแាแ แแ្แុแแ แ ើแแแ្แាแแ ិแ្แแាแួแแ័แแแ្แះแข្แแแแៃ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแ្แុแ แាแ ិแ្แแฏแแแ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแំแុแ “แឺแ ិแ្แแ្แួแแฏแ” แាแ់แេแแែแแข្แแแแៃแแួแแាแ។ แាแឿแแ แแแ្แแាแแំแិแេแแាแ ្แើแแ្แុแแ្แแแ្แិแាแ្แ្แแแ័แแ៊ីแិแ័แ แ្แូแแាแแแ្แើแแกើแแោแแแ្แៈแฏแแាแ្แแแแ់แแុแ្แแ្แាแ់แែแแាแแាแแแ្แេแ แ ិแ្แแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ។ แ៉ុแ្แែแฑแាแแ៏แំแំแុแ แិแแេแ แ្แីแแ្แេแ แ្แាแแ្แំแែแ แแแ់แុแแแ័แแុแ្แแិแแ ំแេះแឹแ แឺแแ្แាแ់แข្แแแែแแ្แាแแាแេแ្แុแ “แិแ្แៈแៃแាแ្แ แើแ”។ แាแแ្แขแ្แើแแិแแ្แាแแ แឹแแើแแ េแแីแ ិแ្แแแ្แូแแែแ แែแแ្แើแាแแោแแិแแិแแขោแแ្แួแแฏแ แែแាแแាแแោแแแៀแแាแ់แแាแแ្แា แិแแ្แែแแแแขแ្แแ្แแោแแ៍แ្แេแាแី។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: The paragraph describes a selfish “What’s in it for me?” culture that teaches us to see everyone as competitors. It admits that many people secretly feel jealous when others succeed. It honors strong individuals, but says that in the Knowledge Worker Age, the greatest results belong to people who think “we,” not just “me,” and who work with an abundant, unselfish mindset for mutual benefit.
KM: แขแ្แแแแេះแិแแ៌แាแแ្แแแ៌แួแ แែแแួแแែ “แ្แុំแแួแแข្แី?” แ ើแแแ្แៀแแើแแើแแេแាแូแ្แแួแ។ แាแាแแាแแា แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแាแแាแแ ្แแែแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แ แេแแข្แแแแៃแแួแแ័แแแ្แះ។ แាแោแแแฒ្แแើแแា แแុแ្แแฏแแាแ្แแ៏แ្แើแាแแឿแแขแ្แ ាแ្แแាแ ្แើแ แែแ แ៉ុแ្แែแแ្แាแ់แុแแแ័แ “แข្แแแ្แើแាแแាแួแแ ំแេះแឹแ” แแ្แแแแំแំแុแ แแ្แាแ់แข្แแแែแแ្แแ់แ្แแแិแ្แៈแៃแាแ្แ “แើแ” — แិแแោแแ ិแ្แแแ្แូแแែแ แិแแិแแ្แួแแฏแ แិแแ្แែแแแแขแ្แแ្แแោแแ៍แ្แេแាแី។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper message: competing against everyone around you is too small for this age. Individual drive is still important, but the biggest opportunities now require collaboration, trust, and an abundant view of people. If we stay stuck in “What’s in it for me?”, we limit our impact and our happiness.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ៖ แแៀแแិแแា “แេแាแូแ្แแួแ” แឺแូแ แេแแแ្แាแ់แុแแแ័แแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ។ แាแแំแ្แឹแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแៅแែแំแាแ់ แ៉ុแ្แែแแ្แแแแំแំแុแ แ្แូแแាแแាแแแ แាแ แាแแឿแុแแ ិแ្แ แិแแ ិแ្แแแ្แូแแែแแ ំแោះแแុแ្แ។ แើแៅแែแាแ់แ្แុแ “What’s in it for me?” แើแแំแុแแាแ់แแ្แแแាំแแฅแ្แិแแ แិแแុแแแ្แแแแแ់แ្แួแแฏแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- “What’s in it for me?” – the core selfish question.
- look out for number one – focus on protecting yourself first.
- Life is a game, a race, a competition… – life is framed as constant winning and losing.
- schoolmates… family members are seen as competitors – everyone becomes a rival.
- eating our hearts out when others achieve – image of silent jealousy and pain.
- independent will of a determined soul – personal determination that creates big achievements.
- greatest opportunities… reserved for those who master the art of “we” – collaboration as the new power skill.
- abundant mind that works selflessly—with mutual respect, for mutual benefit – the mindset of true greatness.
KM: แขแ្แแแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแីแំแួแ “แ្แុំแแួแแข្แី?” แแ្แាแ់แแแแ្แ ាแแីแแៀแแិแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแแ្แាแាแៀแแាแ់แ្แៃ แាแแ ្แแែแแแ្แាแ់ แ្แแแាំแแแួแแ្แាแ់แា แแ្แៈแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแ៏แំแាแ់។ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแ្แាแ់แា แោแแ័แแแ្แិแแ្แแ់แំแុแ แាแេแแេះ แแ្แាแ់แข្แแแែแแขๆๆก “แិแ្แៈแៃแើแ” แិแแាแแ ិแ្แแแ្แូแแែแ។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- “What’s in it for me?” – “What benefit do I get?” → แ្แុំแแួแแข្แី? / แឺแាแแขแ្แแ្แแោแแ៍แข gรฌ แแ្แាแ់แ្แុំ?
- look out for number one – protect yourself first. → แើแแ្แួแแฏแแាแេแแួแ
- competition – situation where people try to win. → แាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแ
- eating our hearts out (idiom) – feeling deep jealousy or pain. → แឺแ ិแ្แแ្แាំแ / แ ្แแែแแ្แាំแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แ
- independent will – personal inner power to choose and act. → แแ្แៈแฏแแាแ្แ
- Knowledge Worker Age – time when value comes mainly from knowledge, ideas, and innovation. → แុแแแ័แแុแ្แแិแแ ំแេះแឹแ
- the art of “we” – the skill of thinking and working as a team. → แិแ្แៈแៃ “แើแ”
- abundant mind – mindset that believes there is enough success for everyone. → แ ិแ្แแแ្แូแแែแ / แ ិแ្แแិแแ្แះแាแ
- mutual respect / mutual benefit – respect/benefit for both sides. → แាแแោแแแ្แេแាแី / แขแ្แแ្แแោแแ៍แ្แេแាแី
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: The text mixes present simple (“teaches,” “are seen,” “are reserved”) to describe general truths. Quoted speech (“Life is a game…”) represents the voice of culture. Contrast appears between “me” and “we”, and between past “independent will” achievements and future “we” opportunities.
KM: แขแ្แแแแ្แើแាแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แแแ្แแា (“teaches, are seen, are reserved”) แើแ្แីแិแแ៌แាแាแแិแแូแៅ។ แ្แแោแแាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แា “ ” แแ្แ ាแแំแกេแแแแ់แแ្แแแ៌។ แាแแាแแ្แៀแแៀแแแាแ “me” แិแ “we” แិแแแាแแแ័แ “แแ្แៈแฏแแាแ្แ” แិแแฑแាแแ្แីแแែแแាแแាแแាแแแ แាแแួแแ្แា។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
Patterns:
Our culture teaches us that [clause].[Group] are seen as competitors—the more they [win], the less there is for [you].Many of the great things… have been achieved by [phrase]. But the greatest opportunities… are reserved for [group].True greatness will be achieved through [mindset] that works [how]—with [values], for [result].
KM: แข្แแแขាแ แแแំแាំแេះแแแេแแขแ្แแแแแแ់แ្แួแแូแ แា៖ “Our industry teaches us that price is everything… But the greatest opportunities are reserved for those who master the art of serving customers with integrity and teamwork.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: culture, life, game, race, competition, schoolmates, colleagues, family members, competitors, history, civilization, opportunities, accomplishments, age, art, mind, respect, benefit
- Verbs: teaches, want, have to look out, are seen, win, try, cheer, are eating (our hearts out), have been achieved, are reserved, will be achieved
- Adjectives: independent, determined, greatest, boundless, true, mutual (used before nouns)
- Adverbs: inwardly, privately
- Phrases / Idioms: look out for number one, eat your heart out, art of “we”, abundant mind
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: Western business culture often celebrates competition and individual heroes. Covey doesn’t reject personal strength, but he says the new economy (knowledge workers, innovation, global teams) demands partnership and trust. The “abundant mind” is a core 7 Habits idea: believing there is enough success and opportunity for everyone.
KM: แแ្แแแ៌แขាแីแแแ្แแ្แាំแแ (แាแិแេแแាแแិแ ) แแแើแแแ្แแៈแ្แแួแแ្แแែแ แិแ “แីแแុแแแฏแแាแ្แ”។ Covey แិแแแិแេแแแ្แាំแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแ់แិแាแแា แុแแแ័แแ្แី (แុแ្แแិแแ ំแេះแឹแ แាแแ ្แៃแ្แแិแ แ្แុแแាแแแ) แ្แូแแាแแាแแแ แាแ แិแแំแឿแុแแ ិแ្แ។ “abundant mind” แាแោแแំแិแแំแាแ់แ្แុแ 7 Habits៖ แឿแា แាแแฑแាแ แិแแោแแ័แแ្แแ់แ្แាแขាแ แ ែแแំแែแแាแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: look out for (as in “look out for number one”) is a phrasal verb meaning “protect” or “take care of.” The phrase eat your heart out is an idiom meaning “suffer from jealousy or longing.” These show the emotional side of a selfish, competitive culture.
KM: look out for แាแแ័แแា “แាแแាแ/แแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់” (look out for number one = แแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แ្แួแแฏแแាแេแแួแ). eat your heart out แាแแ័แแា แឺแ ិแ្แ แฌแ ្แแែแแ្แាំแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แ។ แាแ្แើแขោแแើแแើแแ្แែแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ៏แឺแ ាแ់แៃแแ្แแแ៌แ្แแួแแ្แแែแแ្แแ់แ្แួแแฏแ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
The hunger to be understood. Few needs of the human heart are greater than the need to be understood—to have a voice that is heard, respected, and valued—to have influence. Most believe that the key to influence is communication—getting your point across clearly and speaking persuasively. In fact, if you think about it, don’t you find that, while others are speaking to you, instead of really listening to understand, you are often busy preparing your response? The real beginning of influence comes as others sense you are being influenced by them—when they feel understood by you—that you have listened deeply and sincerely, and that you are open. But most people are too vulnerable emotionally to listen deeply—to suspend their agenda long enough to focus on understanding before they communicate their own ideas. Our culture cries out for, even demands, understanding and influence. However, the principle of influence is governed by mutual understanding born of the commitment of at least one person to deep listening first.
«แាแแ្แាแแ្แាแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แแแុแ្แแแ្แាแ់แាแแ្แូแแាแแแ់។ แแ្แូแแាแแ៏แំแំแុแแួแแแแ់แ ិแ្แแแុแ្แ แឺแាแแ្แូแแាแแแ់—แាแแំแេแแែแแេแាแแ្แាแ់ แេแោแแ แិแแេแ្แแ់แแ្แៃ—แាแแฅแ្แិแแ។ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแឿแា แแ្แឹះแៃแฅแ្แិแแ แឺแាแแំแាแ់แំแแ—แិแាแแขោแแ ្แាแ់ แិแแขោแแាแแាแแ ាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍។ แែแិแแែแแេ? แេแแข្แแแ្แាแ់แេแិแាแ แើแข្แแแ្แាแ់แើแ្แីแแ់แฌ? แฌแំแុแแែแ្แៀแแ្แើแแแ? แើแแំแើแแិแแ្แាแแแៃแฅแ្แិแแ แើแแกើแแេแแข្แแแួแ แាแ់ “แแួแแฅแ្แិแแ” แីแข្แแแแៃ—แេแแេแ ាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍แា แข្แแแแ់แួแแេ—แข្แแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅ แិแแោแแ្แោះแ្แแ់។ แ៉ុแ្แែ แแុแ្แแាแแ ្แើแแាแแ្แូแแฅแ្แិแแแขាแแ្แแ៍ แ ើแแិแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅ—แិแាแแ្แขាแแាแ់แំแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แើแ្แីแើแแ ំแុแ แแ់แិแ។ แแ្แแแ៌แแแ់แើแแ្แូแแាแแាแแแ់ แិแแฅแ្แិแแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ។ แោះแាแ៉ាแแា แោแแាแแ៍แៃแฅแ្แិแแ แ្แូแแាแแ្แแ់แ្แแแោแ “แាแแแ់แ្แេแាแី” แែแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแីแាแแ្แេแ្แាแ ិแ្แแแแ់แ៉ាแแ ោแ แាแ់แแុแ្แแ្แាแ់ แ្แុแแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅแាแុแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: This paragraph explains that one of the deepest human needs is the need to be understood. Many people mistakenly believe influence comes from speaking well, but real influence begins when others feel you truly understand them—when you listen deeply and sincerely. However, most people are too emotionally protective and busy to listen deeply. True influence is governed by mutual understanding, starting with one person who chooses to listen first.
KM: แขแ្แแแแេះแแ្แាแ់แា แแ្แូแแាแแ៏แ្แៅแំแុแแแแ់แแុแ្แ แឺแាแแ្แូแแាแแแ់។ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแិแแុแแា แฅแ្แិแแแแแីแแแ្แแាแแិแាแแ្แข แ៉ុแ្แែแฅแ្แិแแแិแแ្แាแแ แ ាแ់แ្แើแแេแแข្แแแแៃแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แា แข្แแแแ់แួแแេ—แេแแข្แแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅ แិแแោแแ្แោះแ្แแ់។ แ៉ុแ្แែ แแុแ្แแាแแ ្แើแแឹแแ៉ឹแแขាแแ្แแ៍แេแ แ ើแแិแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅ។ แฅแ្แិแแแិแแ្แាแแ แ្แូแแាแแแ្แើแแោแแាแแแ់แ្แេแាแី แែแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแីแแុแ្แแ្แាแ់แែแแแ្แេแ แ ិแ្แแ្แាแ់แាแុแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper message: most people think they influence others by talking, persuading, or explaining. But true influence happens only when others feel heard. Listening is more powerful than speaking. Deep listening requires emotional courage and humility, which many people lack.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ៖ แแុแ្แแាแแ ្แើแแិแแា แាแแិแាแแួแแฑ្แแាแแฅแ្แិแแแើแข្แแแแៃ។ แែแฅแ្แិแแแិแ แើแแกើแแេแแข្แแแแៃแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แា แួแแេแ្แូแแាแแแ់។ แាแแ្แាแ់แាแแขំแាแ แើแแាแแិแាแ។ แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅแ្แូแแាแแំแាំแแ ិแ្แ แិแแាแแោแแแ្แួแ แែแแแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแិแแាแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- The hunger to be understood – core emotional need.
- to have a voice that is heard, respected, and valued – definition of being understood.
- Most believe… the key to influence is communication – the common misconception.
- Instead of really listening… you are often preparing your response – normal human habit.
- The real beginning of influence comes as others sense you are being influenced by them – paradox: influence begins by being influenceable.
- Most people are too vulnerable emotionally to listen deeply – emotional defensiveness.
- The principle of influence… governed by mutual understanding – universal law.
KM: แ្แแោแแំแាแ់แ៖ – แ្แូแแាแแแ់ แឺแាแแាแแំแេแแែแแេแោแแ – แแុแ្แแិแแា แฅแ្แិแแแแแីแាแแិแាแ – แាแាแแ ្แើแ แិแแ្แាแ់แេ แែแ្แៀแแ្แើแ – แฅแ្แិแแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแីแាแแ្แាแ់แិแแ្แាแแ – แแុแ្แแាแแ ្แើแแឿแាแ់แ្แួแแฏแแេแ แិแแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅ – แฅแ្แិแแแិแ แ្แូแแាแแាแแแ់แ្แេแាแី
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- hunger – deep need or longing → แแ្แូแแាแ / แាแแ្แាแ
- voice – figurative meaning: opinion or identity → แំแេแ (แ័แแូแំแូแាแ)
- influence – power to affect others → แฅแ្แិแแ
- persuasively – in a convincing way → แោแแ្แើแขោแแឿ
- prepare your response – plan your reply before listening → แ្แៀแแ្แើแแុแแ្แាแ់
- vulnerable emotionally – easily emotionally affected → แแแแแ៉ះแាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍แាแ
- mutual understanding – both sides understand each other → แាแแแ់แ្แេแាแី
- deep listening – listening with full focus and sincerity → แ្แាแ់แ្แៅ แោแแขាแแ្แแ៍
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: The paragraph uses present simple to describe universal truths (“Few needs… are greater,” “Most believe…,” “The real beginning… comes”). Repetition (“to be understood… to have a voice… to have influence”) builds emotional rhythm. The shift from “most people” to “our culture” expands the message from individuals to society.
KM: แ្แើ present simple แแ្แាแ់แាแแិแแូแៅ។ แាแแាแ់แแ្แូแแាแแាแแំแាំ “to be understood / to have a voice / to have influence” แแ្แើแ rhythm แขាแแ្แแ៍។ แាแแ្แាแ់แី “most people” แៅ “our culture” แแ្แ ាแแាแแ្แ ាแេះแាแ់แ័แ្แแแ្แแแាំแแូแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
Few needs… are greater than…– comparison pattern.Most believe that…– stating a common belief.Don’t you find that…?– rhetorical question to engage the reader.The real beginning of influence comes when…– definition pattern.Most people are too [adj] to [verb]– emotional limitation structure.The principle of influence is governed by…– formal rule pattern.
KM: แข្แแแขាแ แแแំแាំแាំแแេះ แើแ្แីแแแេแแขแ្แแแ ืื ื៖ – “Most of my team believe that working harder is the key, but the real improvement comes when we understand each other deeply.” – “Few needs are greater than the need to feel respected at work.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: hunger, need, voice, influence, communication, response, agenda, culture, principle, understanding
- Verbs: be understood, believe, think, find, listening, preparing, comes, feel, are governed
- Adjectives: greater, clear, persuasive, vulnerable, mutual
- Adverbs: deeply, sincerely
- Phrases: “be understood,” “prepare your response,” “deep listening,” “mutual understanding”
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: Modern culture values speaking, performing, and productivity. Listening is seen as passive, even weak. Covey challenges that belief: deep listening is the foundation of trust, leadership, and influence. This theme connects directly to Habit 5: “Seek First to Understand, Then to Be Understood.”
KM: แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแ្แី แแแើแแាแแិแាแ แាแแំแែแ แិแแแិแแាแ។ แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแាแแើแแា แាแแแ្แแាแแแ់แ្แោแ។ Covey แแិแេแแំแិแแោះ—แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅ แឺแ្แឹះแៃแំแឿ แាแแឹแแាំ แិแแฅแ្แិแแ។ แេះแាแំแាแ់แំแแแ្แាแ់แាแួแ Habit 5៖ “Seek First to Understand, Then to Be Understood.”
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
EN: No strong phrasal verbs appear, but phrases such as “prepare your response” and “cry out for” function similarly by expressing emotional intensity or preparation.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verb แ แ្แแ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแាแ្แแូแ แា “cry out for” แាแแ័แแា แ្แែแแុំ/แ្แូแแាแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
Conflict and differences. People share so much in common, yet are so magnificently different. They think differently; they have different and sometimes competing values, motivations, and objectives. Conflicts naturally arise out of these differences. Society’s competitive approach to resolving the conflict and differences tends to center on “winning as much as you can.” Though much good has come from the skillful art of compromise, where both sides give on their positions until an acceptable middle point is reached, neither side ends up truly pleased. What a waste to have differences drive people to the lowest common denominator between them! What a waste to fail to unleash the principle of creative cooperation in developing solutions to problems that are better than either party’s original notion!
«แแ្แោះ แិแแាแแុแแ្แា។ แแុแ្แแើแแាแแឿแแ ្แើแแូแ แ្แា แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแាแแុแแ្แាแขแ្แ ាแ្แแាแ់។ แួแแេแិแแុแแ្แា แាแแแ្แៃ แោแแំแแ แិแแ ិแ្แแំแុแแុแแแ្แា แ ើแแ្แះแ៏แ្แแាំแแ្แាแแแែแ។ แแ្แោះแើแแกើแแោแแแ្แแា แីแាแแុแแ្แាแាំแแេះ។ แแ្แแแ៌แ្แแួแแ្แแែแแ្แុแแแ្แแ แ្แែแแแแំแោះแ្แាแแแ្แោះ แោแแ្แោแแើ “แ្แះแขแ់แแ្แាំแแែแแขាแ แ្แះแាแ”។ แោះแាแិแ្แៈแ្แแแแោแแំแាแแ្แុแแាแแុំแាแ្แแแ្แុះแแ្แាំแ แฒ្แแាแីแាំแแីแแแ្แោแแแ្แិแ แ្แแแ แแ ូแแแ់แแแើแแ ំแុแ แแ្แាแแ៏แោแ แ៏แិแแាแแាแីแាแីแแាแแេแแេแแេ។ แាแាแាแแ្แះแ្แាแแាแ់ แៅแេแแាแแុแแ្แា แាំแแុแ្แแฒ្แแ្แាแ់แ ូแแៅแ្แុแ “แแ្แិแแាแแំแុแแួแ” แแแ់แួแแេ។ แាแាแាแแ្แះแ្แាแแំ แិแแាแแោះแ្แាแ แฌแែแแ េแแោแแាแแ៍ “แแ แាแแแ្แើแแข្แីแ្แី” แើแ្แីแแ្แើแแំแោះแ្แាแแ្แขแាแแំแិแแើแแแแ់แាแីแាแួแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: This paragraph explains that people have much in common but also deep differences in thinking, values, and goals. These differences naturally create conflict. Society often handles conflict as a competition where each side tries to win as much as possible. Compromise is better, but usually leaves no one truly happy. The real tragedy is failing to use creative cooperation to find new solutions that are better than what either side first wanted.
KM: แขแ្แแแแេះแแ្แแ់แា แแុแ្แแាแแ ្แើแแข្แីแូแ แ្แា แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแាแแុแแ្แាแ្แាំแแ្แុแแាแแិแ แแ្แៃ แិแแោแแំแแ។ แាแแុแแ្แាแាំแแេះ แแ្แើแแแ្แោះแោแแแ្แแា។ แแ្แแแាแแ ្แើแ แោះแ្แាแแแ្แោះ แូแ แាแាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแ แែแแ្แាแ់แแ្แាแាแ “แ្แះแฒ្แแាแแ ្แើแแំแុแ”។ แាแแแ្แុះแแ្แាំแ (compromise) แฒ្แแាแីแាំแแីแแแ្แ ុះแแ្แូแแាแ แแ ូแแแ់แแ្แាแ แ៏แขាแ แាแแขแ្แแ្แแោแแ៍ แែแាแីแាแ៏แិแแេแแ ិแ្แแេแแេះแូแ។ แាแแ្แះแ្แាแแ៏แំ แឺแេแแើแแិแแ្แើ “แแ แាแแแ្แើแแข្แីแ្แី” แើแ្แីแแแំแោះแ្แាแแ្แขแាแแំแិแแើแแแแ់แាแីแាំแแីแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper message: conflict is not the enemy—how we handle conflict is the real problem. If we only compete or settle for weak compromises, we waste the power of differences. When we practice creative cooperation, differences become a source of better ideas and stronger relationships.
KM: แข្แីแ្แៅแแឺ៖ “แแ្แោះแិแแែแแាแแ្แូแ” แ៉ុแ្แែแិแីแែแแើแแោះแ្แាแแแ្แោះ แើแแាแแ្แ ា។ แើแ្แាแ់แែแ្แแួแแ្แแែแ แฌแแួแแแแំแោះแ្แាแแแ្แាแแែแแ្แាแแแแាแេแแ ិแ្แ แើแแំแុแแ្แះแ្แាแแขំแាแ แៃแាแแុแแ្แា។ แ្แแិแแើแើแแขแុแแ្แ “แแ แាแแแ្แើแแข្แីแ្แី” แាแแុแแ្แាแឹแแ្แាแแាแ្แាแ់แแแៃแំแិแแ្แข แិแแំแាแ់แំแแแឹแแាំแាแแុแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- People share so much in common, yet are so magnificently different – shows unity + diversity.
- different and sometimes competing values, motivations, and objectives – explains why conflict appears.
- competitive approach… “winning as much as you can” – win–lose mindset.
- art of compromise… acceptable middle point – both sides give up something.
- neither side ends up truly pleased – low satisfaction outcome.
- lowest common denominator – the weakest shared level between sides.
- creative cooperation… solutions… better than either party’s original notion – win–win, synergistic outcome.
KM: Covey แแ្แ ាแแីแฃแแ្แិแ៖ – แ្แแួแแ្แแែแ (แข្แแแាแ្แះแ ្แើแแំแុแ) – แแ្แុះแแ្แាំแ (แ ំแុแ แแ្แាแ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแแូแแแុแ្แแាแីแแាแ) – แแ แាแแแ្แើแแข្แីแ្แី (แំแោះแ្แាแแ្แขแាแแំแិแแើแแាំแแីแ)។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- magnificently different – wonderfully, beautifully different → แុแแ្แាแ៉ាแแขแ្แ ាแ្แ
- competing values – values that pull in opposite directions → แแ្แៃแ្แแាំแแ្แា
- conflict – serious disagreement → แแ្แោះ
- competitive approach – method based on winning vs losing → แិแីแ្แแួแแ្แแែแ
- compromise – each side gives up something to reach an agreement → แแ្แុះแแ្แាំแ
- middle point – point between two positions → แ ំแុแ แแ្แាแ
- lowest common denominator – the simplest, weakest level both sides can accept → แแ្แិแแាแแំแុแแួแ
- creative cooperation – working together to create better new ideas → แแ แាแแแ្แើแแข្แីแ្แី
- unleash – release, let something free → แแ្แ េแ / แែแแ េแ
- notion – idea, belief → แំแិแ / แំแិแแោแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: The passage uses present simple to describe general truths (“People share…,” “Conflicts naturally arise…”). Exclamations “What a waste…” emphasize emotional judgment. Parallel structures (“different and sometimes competing values, motivations, and objectives”) create rhythm and clarity.
KM: แ្แើ present simple แแ្แាแ់แាแแិแแូแៅ។ แ្แแោแ “What a waste…” แឺแ្แើแแแ្แแាแแขแិแាแ (exclamation) แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแแាแแฑแាแ។ แាแแៀแแួแ “values, motivations, and objectives” แាแแាแแាแแី แแ្แើแ rhythm แាแแขាแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
People share so much in common, yet are so [adv] different.– contrast pattern (“so much… yet…”).Conflicts naturally arise out of these differences.– cause–effect.Society’s… approach tends to center on “...”– describes a typical pattern.Though much good has come from..., neither side ends up truly pleased.– concession + result.What a waste to...– strong emotional emphasis.
KM: แข្แแแขាแ แแแំแាំ “What a waste to…” แើแ្แីแแแេแ៖ – “What a waste to let talented people leave our company because of small conflicts.” – “What a waste to ignore creative ideas just to protect our ego.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: conflict, differences, people, values, motivations, objectives, approach, compromise, point, denominator, principle, cooperation, solutions, problems, notion
- Verbs: share, are, think, arise, resolve, center, has come, give, is reached, ends up, drive, fail, unleash, develop
- Adjectives: different, competing, competitive, acceptable, common, creative, original
- Adverbs: naturally, magnificently
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: Modern culture often celebrates competition: sports, business, politics, and even school. Covey challenges the “win as much as you can” mindset and invites us to Habits 4, 5, and 6—Think Win–Win, Seek First to Understand, and Synergize. These habits turn conflict into creativity instead of division.
KM: แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแ្แី แើแแឹแแ ិแ្แแាแแ្แแួแแ្แแែแแ្แុแแីแกា แขាแីแแแ្แ แិแแแោแាแ។ Covey แ្แឹแแฒ្แแើแแ េแแីแំแិแ “แ្แះแាแแែแ្แួแแฏแ” แ ើแแ ូแแៅแแ Habit 4, 5, 6 — Think Win–Win, Seek First to Understand, Synergize។ Habits แាំแแេះ แ្แែแ្แាแแแ្แោះ แฒ្แแ្แាแแាแ្แแแแៃแ្แាแៃแ្แី แិแแំแាแ់แំแแแ្แข។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: The text does not rely on classic phrasal verbs, but the phrase “ends up” works like a phrasal idea meaning “finally results in.” Also, “arise out of” behaves like a multi-word verb meaning “come from.”
KM: “end up” แាแแ័แแា “แ ុแแ្แោแแៅแแ់แ្แាแแាแแាแួแ”។ “arise out of” แាแแ័แแា “แើแแ េแแី / แแแី”។ แាแាแាแ្แแแ្แាแ់แំแាแ់แแ្แាแ់แแแេแแាแแ្แែแ្แួแ แិแแแ្แแแ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
Personal stagnation. Human nature is four dimensional—body, mind, heart, and spirit. Consider the differences and fruits of the two approaches:
«แាแแแ់แขแិแแ្แแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ។ แแ្แแាแิเธกแុแ្แแាแแคแិแាแ្แ — แាแแាแ แួแแ្แាแ (แแ្แា) แេះแូแ แិแแិแ្แាแ។ แូแแិแ ាแแាแขំแីแាแแុแแ្แា แិแแ្แែแแแៃแិแីแាแ្แ្แแីแแែแแាแแ្แោแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: The text introduces “personal stagnation” and reminds us that a human being has four dimensions: body, mind, heart, and spirit. It invites us to compare two different approaches and the results (“fruits”) they produce in these four areas.
KM: แขแ្แแแแេះแ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแแាแ្แ “personal stagnation” แាแแ័แแា แាแแแ់แขแិแแ្แแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แ ើแแំแឹแแា แแុแ្แแ្แាแ់ แាแแិแាแ្แแค — แាแแាแ แแ្แា แេះแូแ แិแแិแ្แាแ។ แាแขแ្แើแแขោแแើแแ្แៀแแៀแ “แិแីแាแ្แ្แแីแแែแ” แិแแើแแ្แែแแ แែแแាแแ្แើแแกើแแើแិแាแ្แแាំแแคแេះ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper idea is that if we focus only on one or two dimensions (for example, just body and money, or just the mind and career) and ignore the others, we become stuck and empty inside. True growth requires renewing all four parts of our nature.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ៖ แើแើแแ្แោแแើแែแก–แขแិแាแ្แแ៉ុแ្แោះ (แง. แ្แូแแាแแុแ แិแแុแแាแแាแแាแ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแแែแแ្แាแ ិแ្แ แិแแិแ្แាแ) แើแแឹแ “แាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แែแ” แុំแขแិแแ្แแៀแ แ ើแแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แแេแ្แុแแ្แួแ។ แាแแូแแាแ់แិแแ្แាแแ แ្แូแแាแแแ្แាแៈแំแេแ แិแแแ្แแขแិแแ្แแាแแាแ แแ្แា แេះแូแ แិแแិแ្แាแแួแแ្แា។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- Personal stagnation. – a short title phrase, naming the problem: being stuck, not growing.
- Human nature is four dimensional—body, mind, heart, and spirit. – defines a complete view of a person.
- Consider the differences and fruits of the two approaches: – an invitation to compare two ways of living and what results they produce.
KM:
– “Personal stagnation” = แាแแแ់แំแេแแขแិแแ្แแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ។
– “four dimensional” = แាแแคแិแាแ្แ (แាแแាแ แแ្แា แេះแូแ แិแ្แាแ)។
– “fruits of the two approaches” = แ្แែแแ /แแ្แแแแៃแិแីแแ់แីแแែแแុแแ្แា (แง. แแ់แែแแ្แើแាแ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแแែแ្แួแ vs แแ់แែแแែแាំแแคแិแាแ្แ)។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- personal – related to one’s own life and self → แ្แាแ់แ្แួแ
- stagnation – not moving or growing; stuck → แាแแแ់แขแិแแ្แ / แាแแแ់แแ
- four dimensional – having four key aspects or dimensions → แាแแคแិแាแ្แ
- body – physical health and strength → แាแแាแ
- mind – thoughts, learning, intelligence → แួแแ្แាแ / แแ្แា
- heart – emotions, relationships, love → แេះแូแ / แขាแแ្แแ៍ / แ្แេแ ា
- spirit – meaning, conscience, deeper purpose → แិแ្แាแ / แขាแแ្แแ៍แាแแ្แុแแ្แៅ
- fruits (figurative) – results, outcomes → แ្แែแแ / แแ្แแแ
- approaches – ways of thinking or acting → แិแីแាแ្แ្แ / แិแីแแ់
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: “Human nature is four dimensional” uses a linking verb “is” + adjective phrase “four dimensional” to describe what human nature is like. The dash “—body, mind, heart, and spirit” acts like an explanation or list. “Consider the differences and fruits…” is an imperative sentence (a soft command to the reader).
KM: “Human nature is four dimensional” แ្แើแិแិแាแแ្แ “is” แើแ្แីแ្แាแ់แ្แแាแ (human nature) แាแួแแុแแាแ (four dimensional)។ แแ្แា “—” แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แแ្แាแ់แៀแแា แាแាแแข្แីแ្แះ (body, mind, heart, spirit)។ “Consider …” แាแ្แแោแแแ្แាแែแแแ់ แែแแ แ់แฒ្แแข្แแแขាแแូแแិแ / แូแแិแ ាแแា។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
[Topic].– a short noun phrase as a heading or label (e.g., “Personal stagnation.”).Human nature is [number] dimensional — [list].– definition + explanation list.Consider the [differences] and [fruits] of [two approaches].– invitation to compare.
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แแแំแាំแេះแៅแ្แើ៖
– “Team performance is three dimensional—skills, systems, and relationships.”
– “Consider the fruits of working only for money versus working for meaning and service.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: stagnation, nature, body, mind, heart, spirit, differences, fruits, approaches
- Adjectives: personal, four (as number), dimensional
- Verbs: is, consider
- Adverbs: (none in this short text)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In Covey’s work, these four dimensions connect to “Sharpen the Saw” (Habit 7). Many modern cultures push people to focus mainly on body (appearance, energy) and mind (career, skills), while heart and spirit are neglected. This produces burnout and “success without peace.” Covey calls us back to a more complete, principle-centered life.
KM: แ្แុแแ្แាแៃแแแ់ Covey แិแាแ្แแคแេះแ្แាแ់แៅแឹแ Habit 7 – Sharpen the Saw (แែแแ្แាแ្แួแแฏแแแ្แแแ្แាแ់)។ แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแ្แី แំแុแแฒ្แแแុแ្แแ្แោแแើแាแแាแ (แូแแាแ แាแแแ) แិแแួแแ្แាแ (แាแแាแ แំแាแ) แ ្แើแแាแ แ៉ុแ្แែแើแแំแแแេះแូแ แិแแិแ្แាแ។ แ ំแុแ แេះแแ្แើแ burnout แិแ “แោแแ័แแែแแ្แាแแុแแแ្แแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แ”។ Covey แ ៅแើแแฒ្แแ្แแแ់แแแแ់แាแแោแแាแแ៍ แោแแែแแ្แាแិแាแ្แแាំแแค។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: This sentence does not contain classic phrasal verbs. However, in discussion we might use phrases like “stuck in life,” “burn out,” or “grow into your potential” when talking about personal stagnation and growth.
KM: แៅแ្แុแแขแ្แแแแើแแិแแាแ phrasal verb แ ្แាแ់แแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแេแแិแាแ្แា แข្แแแขាแ แ្แើแា៖ “get stuck in life” (แាแ់แ្แុแแីแិแ แិแแីแแ แ្แើแ), “burn out” (แขแ់แแ្แាំแแ ិแ្แ/แាแแាแ), “grow into your potential” (แូแแាแ់แៅแាแแុแ្แแែแแាแแแแ្แแាแแេแแេแแแแ់แ្แួแ)។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
BODY: Cultural tendency: maintain lifestyle; treat health problems with surgery and medication. Principle: prevent diseases and problems by aligning lifestyle to be in harmony with established, universally accepted principles of health.
«แាแแាแ (BODY): แិแ្แាแាแแแ្แแแ៌ แឺแแ្แាแแៀแแแ់แแែแ แ ើแแេแแាแแแ្แ ាแុแแាแ แើแแឹแแ្แขែแแើแះแាแ់ แិแแ្แាំ។ แោแแាแแ៍ แឺแាแแแ្แាแ แំแឺ แិแแแ្แ ាแុแแាแ แោแแែแแ្แួแแแៀแแแ់แฒ្แ แ្แแ แិแแแแ្แแแឹแแោแแាแแ៍แុแแាแแแแ แែแแแួแแ្แាแ់แូแៅ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: For the body, culture often tells us to keep our current lifestyle and only fix health problems later with surgery and medicine. The principle, however, is to prevent disease by shaping our lifestyle to fit well-known, universal health principles.
KM: แ ំแោះแាแแាแ แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแេះแាแแ ្แើแ แ្แាแ់แើแแฒ្แแแ្แាแแៀแแแ់แแែแ แ ើแแើแាแแแ្แ ាแុแแាแ แើแแឹแแៅแើแះแាแ់ แិแแ្แាំ។ แែแ្แុแแុំแោแแាแแ៍แិแ แឺแ្แូแ “แแ្แាแแំแឺ” แោแแែแแ្แួแแแៀแแแ់แฒ្แ แ្แแแាแแោแแាแแ៍แុแแាแแแแ แែแแแុแ្แแូแៅแแួแแ្แាแ់។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper idea is that many people try to protect their lifestyle instead of protecting their health. They wait until they are sick, then ask doctors to “repair” them. Principle-centered people do the opposite: they adjust their daily habits—sleep, food, movement, stress—to prevent problems before they start.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแ “แាแแាแแแៀแแแ់” แើแแឹแแ ិแ្แแ្แួแแฏแ แិแแ ូแแែแ្แែแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแแแើแแ្แូแេแ្แแេแแំแឺแแ។ แแុแ្แแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แិแ แែแ្แែแแ្แាแ់แ្แแ ាំแ្แៃ (แេแ แขាแ ាแ แ្แួแแฒ្แแฒ្แแแแ់ แាแแ្แแ់แ្แแแ្แ្แេแ) แើแ្แីแแ្แាแแแ្แ ា แុแแាแើแแกើแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- BODY: – labels which dimension we are talking about (physical body).
- Cultural tendency: maintain lifestyle; – describes the typical pattern: don’t change habits.
- treat health problems with surgery and medication. – solution comes only after problems appear.
- Principle: – introduces the healthier, principle-centered approach.
- prevent diseases and problems by aligning lifestyle – focus on prevention through lifestyle.
- to be in harmony with established, universally accepted principles of health. – follow well-tested health principles, not trends.
KM: แ្แแោแแេះแែแแ ែแแាแขแ្แែแ៖ “Cultural tendency” (แข្แីแែแแแុแ្แแាแแ ្แើแแ្แើ) แិแ “Principle” (แข្แីแែแแួแแ្แើแាแแោแแាแแ៍แុแแាแ)។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- body – physical part of a person → แាแแាแ
- cultural tendency – what most people in a culture usually do → แិแ្แាแាแแแ្แแแ៌ / แแ្แាแ់แួแ
- maintain lifestyle – keep current way of living → แแ្แាแแៀแแแ់แแែแ
- treat (health problems) – try to cure → แ្แាแាแ
- surgery – medical operation → แះแាแ់
- medication – medicine, drugs → แ្แាំ / แ្แាំแេแ្แ
- principle – basic rule or law that always works → แោแแាแแ៍
- prevent – stop something before it happens → แแ្แាแ
- align (lifestyle) – adjust to match a standard → แែแฒ្แแ្แแ / แแ្แឹแ
- in harmony with – matching, working together smoothly → แ្แแแแ / แแแ្แแแាแួแ
- universally accepted – agreed by people everywhere → แแួแแ្แាแ់แាแแแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: The structure uses labels and noun phrases instead of full sentences: “Cultural tendency: maintain lifestyle…” and “Principle: prevent diseases…”. The verbs “maintain” and “prevent” are in base form, acting like instructions or general rules.
KM: แៅแីแេះแិแแែแแ្แแោแแេแแេแแាំแแขแ់แេ แែแ្แើ label + noun phrase แូแ แា “Cultural tendency: maintain lifestyle…”. แិแិแាแแ្แ “maintain / treat / prevent / align” แ្แើแแ្แแ់แើแ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแោแแាแแ៍ แฌแแ្แឹះแូแៅ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
BODY: Cultural tendency: [verb phrase]. Principle: [verb phrase].- Parallel pattern: first describe what culture does, then describe what principles suggest.
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แ្แើแំแាំแូแ
แ្แា៖
– “MIND: Cultural tendency: consume information all day. Principle: choose and study deeply the most important knowledge.”
แាแ្แើแฒ្แแข្แแแขាแแើแแើแแុแแ្แាแ
្แាแ់ แแាแ “แแ្แแแ៌” แិแ “แោแแាแแ៍”។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: body, tendency, lifestyle, health problems, surgery, medication, principle, diseases, problems, lifestyle, harmony, principles, health
- Verbs: maintain, treat, prevent, aligning (align)
- Adjectives: cultural, established, universally accepted
- Prepositions: with, by
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In many modern societies, especially with fast food, long sitting at work, and high stress, people rely heavily on hospitals and medicine instead of changing habits. Covey’s principle-centered view is closer to traditional wisdom: sleep well, eat wisely, move your body, manage stress, and avoid addiction—this is real “sharpening the saw” physically.
KM: แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแ្แី (แขាแ ាแแឿแ แขแ្แុแแូแ แ្แ្แេแแ្แាំแ) แ្แើแฒ្แแแុแ្แแឹแแើแแ្แីแแេแ្แ แិแแ្แាំ แំแួแแាแแែแแ្แាแ់។ แើแแីแុំ Covey แាแ់แแ្แៀแแិแី “Sharpen the Saw” แាแแោแแាแแ៍แុแាแ៖ แេแแฒ្แแ្แแ់ แขាแ ាแแแแแ្แ แ្แើแំแ ាแ់แ្แាแ แ្แแ់แ្แแแ្แ្แេแ แៀแแាแแแ្แាแ់แขាแុីแ แើแแាแแាแแឹแแាំแិแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: The text itself does not use clear phrasal verbs, but in conversation we may say “keep up this lifestyle,” “end up in the hospital,” or “live up to health principles” when we talk about this contrast.
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แ
แแ
ាំแាแ្แแแ្แแែแ phrasal verbs แែแแាแ់แ័แ្แ៖
– keep up this lifestyle = แแ្แាแแៀแแแ់แែแแេះ
– end up in the hospital = แ
ុแแ្แោแแៅแแ់แแ្แីแแេแ្แ
– live up to health principles = แแ់แៅแฒ្แแแแ្แแแាแแោแแាแแ៍แុแแាแ
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
MIND: Culture: watch television, “entertain me.” Principle: read broadly and deeply, continuous education.
«แំแិแ (MIND): แแ្แแแ៌ แแ័แแេះ៖ แើแแូแแแ្แแ៍ แ ើแแិแแែ “แំแាแ្แแ្แុំแៅ” แែแ៉ុแ្แោះ។ แោแแាแแ៍ แិแ៖ แขាแแฒ្แแូแំแូแាแ แិแแ្แៅ แแ្แแាแแขแ់แំแាแិแ ្แ ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: For the mind, modern culture often says, “Relax and entertain me” with television and passive media. The principle, however, is to feed the mind by reading widely and deeply and by continuing to learn throughout life.
KM: แ ំแោះแ្แែแแំแិแ แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแេះแាแแ ្แើแ แ្แាแ់แើแแฒ្แ “แแ្แាแ แំแាแ្แแ្แួแแฏแ” แោแแើแแូแแแ្แแ៍ แិแแេแៀแแแឹแแ។ แែแ្แុแแុំแោแแាแแ៍แិแ แួแแ្แូแ “แแ្แុแแំแិแ” แោแแขាแแៀแแៅแូแំแូแាแ แិแแ្แៅ แ ើแแแ្แแៀแแំแឿแแីแិแแាំแแូแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper idea is that many people use their free time to numb the mind instead of developing it. Entertainment is not wrong, but if it dominates, the mind becomes weak and shallow. Principle-centered people deliberately choose books, ideas, and learning experiences that stretch their thinking.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแ្แើแេแแំแេแ “แិแแំแិแ” แាแ “แขแិแแ្แแំแិแ”។ แាแแំแាแ្แแិแแែแแុแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแើแាแ្แแ់แ្แแแេแแាំแแขแ់ แំแិแแឹแแ្แោแ แិแแំแាแ់។ แแុแ្แแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍แ្แើแแើแแขាแแៀแแៅ แแ់แំแិแแ្แីแ แិแแ ូแแួแแាแแៀแ แែแแ្แើแฒ្แแេแិแแាแแូแំแូแាแ แិแแ្แៅแាแแុแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- MIND: – labels the mental dimension (thinking, learning).
- Culture: watch television, “entertain me.” – typical modern habit: consume easy entertainment.
- Principle: read broadly and deeply, continuous education. – describes the wiser habit: serious reading and lifelong learning.
KM: แ្แแោแแេះแែแแ ែแแ្แួแแฏแแាแขแ្แែแ៖ “Culture” (แข្แីแែแแแុแ្แแាแแ ្แើแแ្แើ) แិแ “Principle” (แข្แីแែแแួแแ្แើแแ្แាแ់แំแិแแแៈแែแ)។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- mind – the thinking and learning part of a person → แំแិแ / แ ិแ្แแាแแិแ
- culture – shared habits and values of a group → แแ្แแแ៌
- watch television – passively consume TV programs → แើแแូแแแ្แแ៍
- entertain me – “make me feel amused, don’t make me work” → แំแាแ្แแ្แុំแៅ / แฒ្แแ្แុំแแ្แាแ
- read broadly – read many different topics → แขាแแូแំแូแាแ
- read deeply – study something with focus and depth → แขាแแฒ្แแ្แៅ / แិแ្แាแฒ្แแแ្แขិแ
- continuous education – keep learning all through life → แាแแขแ់แំแแ្แ / แៀแแិแแាแ ់
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: Again, this line uses labels and noun phrases rather than full sentences: “Culture: watch television…” and “Principle: read broadly and deeply…”. The base-form verbs “watch / read” act like general rules or commands.
KM: แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแៅแីแេះแ្แើ label (“Culture”, “Principle”) แแ្แแោแแិแិแាแแ្แแแ្แแ់แើแ (“watch / read”) แូแ แាแាแแែแាំ แฌแแ្แឹះแូแៅ។ แាแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แូแ แា “แេแ แ្แីแแ្แេแแោแแាแแ៍” แិแแែแแាแ្แแោแแេแแេแแแ្แแាแេ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
MIND: Culture: [verb phrase]. Principle: [verb phrase].- Parallel contrast: first show the easy/automatic path (culture), then the intentional/principle path (principle).
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แ្แើแំแាំแូแ
แ្แាแេះแแแេแแขំแីแំแแ់แ្แេแแ៖
– “MIND: Culture: scroll social media all night. Principle: plan your learning and study with focus.”
แាแ្แើแฒ្แแាแแុแแ្แាแេแ
แ
្แាแ់แាแ់។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: mind, culture, television, principle, education
- Verbs: watch, entertain, read
- Adverbs/Adjectives: broadly, deeply, continuous
- Quotation: “entertain me” – a reported inner voice or attitude.
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In the Information Age and social-media era, it’s easy to spend hours on screens but very little time on real study. Covey’s principle is close to the old idea of “scholarship”: reading good books, thinking deeply, and learning from many disciplines (history, philosophy, science, leadership).
KM: แៅแแ័แแ័แ៌แាแ แិแแแ្แាแแแ្แแ แាแแ្แួแแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแ ំแាแแ៉ោแแើแขេแ្แแ់ แ៉ុแ្แែแ ំแាแแេแแិแ แាแ់แើแាแแិแ្แាแិแ។ แោแแាแแ៍แแแ់ Covey แ្แแៀแแឹแแំแិแ “แข្แแแុแាแแិแ្แា”: แขាแแៀแแៅแ្แข แិแแ្แៅ แិแแៀแแីแិแ័แแ្แេแแ (แ្แแแ្แិแាแ្แ្แ แแ្แแแិแ្แា แិแ្แាแាแ្แ្แ แេแឹแแាំ)។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: The text itself does not show phrasal verbs, but in real life we say things like “tune out” (stop paying attention) with TV, or “dig into” a book when we study deeply.
KM: แាแ្แแแ្แแែแแាแ់แ័แ្แ៖
– tune out = แាแ់แាแแแแ
ិแ្แแុแแាแ់ / แិแแំแិแ
– dig into a book = แ
ូแแំแឹแแขាแแ្แៅแ / แុះแ
ូแแិแ្แា
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
HEART: Culture: use relationships with others to forward your personal, selfish interests. Principle: deep, respectful listening and serving others brings greatest fulfillment and joy.
«แេះแូแ (HEART): แแ្แแแ៌ แแ័แแេះ៖ แ្แើแំแាแ់แំแแแាแួแแข្แแแแៃ แើแ្แីแ្แแោแแ៍แ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แិแแขាแ្แាแិแแ។ แោแแាแแ៍ แិแ៖ แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅแแោแแោแแ แិแแាแแแ្แើแข្แแแแៃ แាំแแแូแแាแแំแេแแិแแុแแแ្แแแ្แแ់แំแុแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: For the heart, our culture often treats relationships as tools to push our own selfish goals. The principle, however, is that when we truly listen with respect and serve others sincerely, we experience the deepest satisfaction and joy.
KM: แ ំแោះแ្แែแแេះแូแ แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแេះแាแ ្แើแ แើแแំแាแ់แំแแแាแួแแแុแ្แแ្แេแ แាแงแแแแ៍แแ្แាแ់แុแแំแើแแាแแោแแំแแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แិแแขាแ្แាแិแแ។ แែแោแแាแแ៍แិแแ្แាแแแិแ แឺแេแแើแแ្แាแ់แ្แៅแแោแแោแแ แិแแแ្แើแข្แแแแៃแោแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แោះแើแแើแแแแើแแាแแំแេแ แិแแុแแแ្แแแ៏แ្แាแแ្แៅแំแុแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper idea is that there are two ways to approach people: use them, or serve them. Using people may bring fast results but leaves the heart empty. Serving people slow and sincerely builds trust, love, and long-term influence.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ แាแแขแិแីแ្แុแแាแแแ្แាแំแាแ់แំแแ៖ “แ្แើแข្แแแแៃ” แฌ “แแ្แើแข្แแแแៃ”។ แាแแ្แើแข្แแแแៃแขាแ แាំแแแแ្แแแแឿแ แ៉ុแ្แែแ្แុแแេះแូแแៅแ្แขិแแ្แขំ แិแแแេ។ แាแแแ្แើแข្แแแแៃแ៉ាแแឺแแแែแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แแ្แើแแំแុแแ ិแ្แ แេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់ แិแแฅแ្แិแแแូแแขแ្แែแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- HEART: – labels the emotional and relational dimension.
- Culture: use relationships… to forward your personal, selfish interests. – describes a manipulative, “me-first” approach to people.
- Principle: deep, respectful listening and serving others… – describes a service-first, others-centered approach.
- brings greatest fulfillment and joy – shows the outcome: deeper happiness than selfish gain.
KM: แ្แแោแแាแ់ “HEART” แើแ្แីแแ្แាแ់แិแាแ្แแេះแូแ แแ្แាแ់แแแ្แៀแแៀแ “Culture” (แแៀแแแ្แแាแៃแแ្แแ) แាแួแ “Principle” (แแៀแแ្แឹแแ្แូแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍)។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- heart – here, the emotional and relational center of a person → แេះแូแ / แ្แែแแขាแแ្แแ៍
- relationship – connection between people → แំแាแ់แំแแ
- forward your personal interests – push your own goals → แុแแขแ្แแ្แแោแแ៍แ្แាแ់แ្แួแ
- selfish – caring only about yourself → แขាแ្แាแិแแ / แแแែแ្แួแแฏแ
- respectful listening – listening that honors the other person → แ្แាแ់แោแแោแแ
- serve – help someone sincerely → แแ្แើ / แួแแោแแ្แោះ
- fulfillment – deep feeling that life is meaningful → แាแแំแេแแ ិแ្แ / แាแแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แាแីแិแแាแแ័แ
- joy – deep happiness → แុแแแ្แแ / แขំแแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: Like S208–S209, this line uses labels plus noun/verb phrases instead of full sentences: “Culture: use relationships…” and “Principle: deep, respectful listening… brings…”. Notice “brings” is singular because the subject is the whole phrase “deep, respectful listening and serving others”.
KM: แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแ្แើแ្แាแ “Culture / Principle” แแ្แាแ់แแแ្แើแ្แាแិแិแា។ แាแ្แ “brings” แ្แើแាแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ แោแแៅแ្แា “deep, respectful listening and serving others” แ្แុแแួแ แូแ แាแ្แแាแแែแួแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
HEART: Culture: [verb phrase]. Principle: [noun/verb phrase] brings [result].- Contrast pattern: “use relationships” (take) vs “listening and serving” (give).
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แแแំแាំแេះแแแេแแขំแីแីแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ៖
– “HEART: Culture: network only to get clients. Principle: build real friendships and serve people first.”
แាแ្แើแฒ្แแាแแុแแ្แាแแាแ “แេแោแแขាแ្แាแិแแ” แិแ “แេះแូแแแ្แើแข្แแแแៃ” แើแแើแแ
្แាแ់។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: heart, culture, relationships, interests, listening, fulfillment, joy
- Verbs: use, forward, brings
- Adjectives: personal, selfish, deep, respectful, greatest
- Adverbs: (implied attitude of “selfishly” when using relationships)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In many modern business and social networks, people are taught to “network” mainly to get something: money, status, opportunities. Covey’s approach is closer to servant leadership: build trust by listening, understand people’s needs, and make their success your priority. Over time, this creates stronger teams, families, and communities.
KM: แៅแ្แុแแិแแแขាแីแแแ្แแแ័แแ្แី แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแ្แូแแាแแแ្แៀแแฒ្แ “network” แើแ្แីแแแขแ្แแ្แแោแแ៍แ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แូแ แា แុแ แាแៈ แฑแាแ។ แែ Covey แ្แាแแំแិแ “servant leadership”៖ แ្แាแ់แแុแ្แ แ្แាแាแแแ់แแ្แូแแាแ แិแแแแាแแោแแ័แแข្แแแแៃแាแขាแិแាแ។ แแៈแេแแែแ แាแแ្แើแแ្แុแ แ្แុแแ្แួแាแ แិแแแ แแแ៍แឹแแាំแាแแុแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: The text uses “forward your interests” (not a classic phrasal verb but a common phrase). Related phrasal verbs in this context are “reach out to” (contact someone), “look out for” (protect, often selfish), and “open up to” (share your feelings honestly).
KM: แាแ្แแแ្แแាแ់แ័แ្แ៖
– reach out to someone = แាแ់แแ / แ
ូแแแ
– look out for yourself = แแ្แាแ្แួแ / แแแែแ្แួแแฏแ
– open up to someone = แើแแ
ិแ្แแាแ្แោះแ្แแ់แាแួแแแแាแ្แាแ់
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
SPIRIT: Culture: succumb to growing secularism and cynicism. Principle: recognize that the source of our basic need for meaning and of the positive things we seek in life is principles—which natural laws I personally believe have their source in God.
«แិแ្แាแ (SPIRIT): แแ្แแแ៌ แแ័แแេះ៖ แฑ្แแ្แួแแฏแ “แ ុះแ ាแ់” แុแแិแ្แាแាแแាแ់แែแ្แាแแាแแា (secularism) แិแแាแแแ្แ័แแាแแ ិแ្แแើแข្แីแ្แข (cynicism)។ แោแแាแแ៍ แិแ៖ แแួแแ្แាแ់แា แ្แแแแៃแแ្แូแแាแ แីแិแแាแแ័แ แិแแข្แីแិแ្แแាแแែแแើแแ្แែแแแ แៅแ្แុแแីแិแ แឺแាแោแแាแแ៍ (principles) แฌแ ្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ แែแ Covey แឿแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแា แាแแ្แแแแแแីแ្แះ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: For the spirit, our culture often gives up to increasing secularism (ignoring the spiritual dimension) and cynicism (doubting goodness). The principle is to see that our hunger for meaning and all the positive things we seek in life come from living true principles—natural laws which Covey personally believes come from God.
KM: แ ំแោះแ្แែแแិแ្แាแ แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแេះแាแ ្แើแ “แ ុះแ ាแ់” แុแแិแ្แាแាแแ្แាแแាแแា (แើแแំแแแិแ្แាแ) แិแแាแแแ្แ័แแขំแីแข្แីแ្แข (cynicism)។ แแៈแេแแែแแោแแាแแ៍แិแแ្แាแแแិแ แឺแแួแแ្แាแ់แា แាแแ្แែแแแแขแ្แแ័แแៃแីแិแ แិแแข្แីแិแ្แแាแแាំแแกាแ แើแแ េแแីแីแិแแែแแ្แแแាแแោแแាแแ៍ แិแแ ្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ แែแ Covey แឿแ្แាแ់แា แាแแ្แแแแแแីแ្แះ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper idea is: modern culture often pushes us to ignore spiritual questions and to doubt everything. Covey suggests that real meaning and lasting positivity don’t come from trends or success alone, but from aligning our lives with timeless principles (like honesty, responsibility, service), which he sees as rooted in a higher source.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ៖ แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แแ្แី แแ្แេแแើแแฒ្แแិแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แើแំแួแแ្แែแแិแ្แាแ แិแแฒ្แแแ្แ័แแขំแីแข្แីแ្แแ់แ៉ាแ។ Covey แ្แើแា แขแ្แแ័แแីแិแ แិแแិแ្แแាแแាแแแៈแេแแែแ แិแแแแី “แំแើแแាแ” แฌแោแแ័แแាแแ្แៅแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแแแីแីแិแแែแแ្แแแាแแោแแាแแ៍แขแ់แแ្แ (แុแ แិแแាแ แាแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ แាแแแ្แើ…) แែแแាแ់แឿแា แាแแ្แแแแ្แแ់แាแแេះแៅแៀแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- SPIRIT: – labels the spiritual dimension of human nature.
- Culture: succumb to growing secularism and cynicism. – describes how people give in to ignoring spiritual things and doubting goodness.
- Principle: recognize that the source of our basic need for meaning… is principles—… natural laws… – points to principles as the true source of meaning.
- I personally believe have their source in God. – Covey adds his personal belief about the ultimate source of those principles.
KM: แ្แแោแแ ែแแាแขแ្แែแแំ៖ “Culture” (แแៀแแแ់แែแแแ្แแแแ្แแាแ្แើ) แិแ “Principle” (แแៀแแแ់แ្แឹแแ្แូแแ្แขែแแើแ ្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ) แ ើแ Covey แแ្แែแแแិแោแแ់แ្แាแ់แ្แួแแขំแីแ្แแแแแแ់แ ្แាแ់แាំแแោះ។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- spirit / spiritual – inner, moral, or faith-related dimension → แិแ្แាแ / แិแ្แាแแាแ
- succumb (to) – to give in, to be overcome by something → แ ុះแ ាแ់ / แ្แួแแ ុះ
- secularism – focus only on non-religious, worldly matters, ignoring the spiritual → แិแ្แាแាแแ្แាแแាแแា / แ្แោแแើแោแីแ៍
- cynicism – attitude of doubting goodness, expecting bad motives → แោแแ់แแ្แ័แ / แើแแข្แីแแขแិแ្แแាแ
- source – origin, where something comes from → แ្แแแ
- meaning – sense that life has purpose → แขแ្แแ័แ / แោแแំแแแីแិแ
- principles – deep rules/values that don’t change → แោแแាแแ៍ / แ ្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ
- natural laws – built-in rules of life (like sowing and reaping) → แ ្แាแ់แแ្แแាแិ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: Again, the line is made of labels plus phrases: “Culture: succumb…” (imperative-like description) and “Principle: recognize that…” (verb in base form). The long clause “the source of our basic need… is principles” uses “is” (singular) because the subject is “the source,” not “principles.” The final phrase “which natural laws I personally believe…” is a relative clause giving Covey’s personal comment.
KM: แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแ្แើ “Culture: + แិแិแាแแ្แ” แិแ “Principle: + แិแិแាแแ្แ recognize”។ แ្แแាแแិแแ្แុแแ្แា “the source … is principles” แឺ “the source” แូแ ្แេះแ្แើ “is” แិแแែแ “are” แេ។ แ្แែแ “which natural laws I personally believe…” แា relative clause แแ្แែแแแិแោแแ់แ្แាแ់แแแ់ Covey។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
SPIRIT: Culture: [verb phrase]. Principle: recognize that [clause about source of meaning].- Contrast structure: “succumb to…” vs “recognize that the source is…”
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แแแំแាំแេះแแแេแ៖
– “SPIRIT: Culture: chase pleasure and status. Principle: recognize that lasting peace comes from living true to your values.”
แាแ្แើแฒ្แแขាแแ៏แាแ แ ើแแแ់แាแแុแแ្แាแแាแ แแ្แแแ៌แแ័แ แិแแោแแាแแ៍แขแ់แแ្แ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: spirit, culture, secularism, cynicism, source, need, meaning, principles, laws, God
- Verbs: succumb, recognize, seek, believe
- Adjectives: growing (secularism), basic (need), positive (things), natural (laws)
- Adverbs: personally (modifies “believe”)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In many modern societies, talk about spirit, faith, or higher purpose is often pushed aside as “unscientific” or “naรฏve.” At the same time, many people feel empty even when they are successful. Covey’s view is that we need a deeper anchor: timeless principles, which he connects to a divine source. Whether someone shares his belief in God or not, the key is to live by principles that give real meaning.
KM: แแ្แแแแ័แแ្แីแាแ ្แើแ แ៉ះแាแ់แើแแฒ្แแិแแិแាแแขំแីแិแ្แាแ แាแแា แฌแោแแំแแแ្แแ់แេ แោแแ ាแ់แុแแា “แិแแិแ្แាแាแ្แ្แ” แฌ “แាแแឿ”។ แោះแាแ៉ាแแេះ แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแៅแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แแេ แោះแាแាแแោแแ័แแាแแ្แៅแ៏แោแ។ Covey แแ់แា แើแแ្แូแแាแแោแแាแแ៍แាแขแ្แាំแឹแแួแ แែแแាแ់แ្แាแ់แៅแឹแแ្แแแแฅแ្แិแแแ្แแ់ (แ្แះ)។ แោះแុแ្แแแាแាแแแ្แแៈแាแแាแុแแ្แាแ្แขแ៉ាแแា แแ្แែแแំแាแ់แឺ “แแ់แាแแោแแាแแ៍” แែแแ្แแ់แขแ្แแ័แแិแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: The key verb phrase here is “succumb to” = be overcome by or give in to (e.g., “succumb to pressure,” “succumb to temptation”). Related spiritual phrasal verbs include “live up to” (meet a standard), “reach out for” (seek help or meaning), and “fall away from” (slowly leave a path or belief).
KM: แាแ្แแแ្แแំแាแ់៖
– succumb to = แ
ុះแ
ាแ់/แ្แួแแ
ុះ (แง. succumb to pressure = แ
ុះแ
ាแ់แំแាแ)
– live up to your principles = แแ់แขោแแแแោแแាแแ៍แแแ់แข្แแ
– reach out for meaning = แ្แែแแแแขแ្แแ័แแីแិแ
– fall away from your values = แแขាแ់แแขួแ แฌแ
ាแแ
េแแីแแ្แៃแแแ់แ្แួแ
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
On a final personal note, I want to repeat a question I constantly pose in my teaching: How many on their deathbeds wished they’d spent more time at the office—or watching TV? The answer is, No one. They think about their loved ones, their families, and those they have served.
«แេแแិแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแាแ ុแแ្แោแ แ្แុំแ แ់แ្แើแขแ្แះแួแแ្แแแៀแ แែแแ្แុំแួแแឹแแាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แแแแ្แៀแแแแ់แ្แុំ៖ แើแាแแแុแ្แแ៉ុแ្แាแแាแ់ แៅแើแ្แែแំแឺแុแแ្แាแ់ แែแแ្แាแ្แាแា “แขូ แើแិแแាแ្แុំแាแแ ំแាแแេแแ ្แើแแាแแេះแៅแាแិแាแ័แ— แฌแើแแូแแแ្แแ៍” แែแ? แ แ្แើแแឺ แ្แាแแแแាแ្แាแ់แេ។ แៅแេแแោះ แួแแេแ ាំแិแแីแแុแ្แแែแแួแแេแ្แแាแ់ แ្แួแាแแแแ់แួแแេ แិแแแុแ្แแែแแួแแេแ្แាแ់แแ្แើ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: Covey ends with a personal question he often asks: “At the end of life, who wishes they had spent more time at work or watching TV?” The answer is nobody. At that moment, people think about their loved ones, families, and those they served.
KM: Covey แแ្แ แ់แោแแំแួแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแួแ แែแแាแ់แួแแឹแแាแ់៖ “แៅแេแแីแិแแិแแ แ់ แើแាแแแแាแ្แាแ់ แ្แាแ់แុំแា แើแិแแាแ្แុំแាแแៅแាแិแាแ័แ แฌแើแแូแแแ្แแ៍แ ្แើแแាแแេះแេ?” แ แ្แើแแឺ แ្แាแแแแា។ แេแแោះ แแុแ្แแិแแขំแីแข្แแแែแแួแแេแ្แแាแ់ แ្แួแាแแแแ់แួแแេ แិแแแុแ្แแែแแួแแេแ្แាแ់แแ្แើ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper message is that, at the end of life, what really matters is relationships and service, not hours in the office or time in front of screens. He is inviting us to re-set our priorities now, before the deathbed moment comes.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ៖ แៅแ ុแแแ្แ แ់แីแិแ แข្แីแំแាแ់แិแแែแ “แ៉ោแแៅแាแិแាแ័แ” แฌ “แ៉ោแแើแแូแแแ្แแ៍” แេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแំแិแแ ុแแ្แោแแขំแីแំแាแ់แំแแ แិแแាแแแ្แើแข្แแแแៃ។ Covey แំแុแแขแ្แើแแើแ แ្แូแแៀแแ ំแขាแិแាแแីแិแแฒ្แแ្แឹแแ្แូแแ ាแ់แីแេแแេះ แុแแេแแแ់แ្แៃแោះ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- On a final personal note – Covey signals he is sharing something very personal to close his message.
- I constantly pose in my teaching – he asks this question again and again to students and audiences.
- How many on their deathbeds wished they’d spent more time at the office—or watching TV? – a rhetorical question; the real expected answer is “no one.”
- The answer is, No one. – he states the obvious answer to emphasize the point.
- They think about their loved ones, their families, and those they have served. – describes what people really focus on at the end of life.
KM: แ្แแោแแេះแ្แើแំแួแแូแិแแ័แ្แ แើแ្แីแแ្แขួแแ แ្แើแ “แ្แាแแแแា” แ ើแแแ្แែแแ្แាแ ុแแ្แោแแើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแា แំแแ់แំแិแแិแแៅแើแ្แែแំแឺ แឺแขំแីแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់ แិแแាแแแ្แើ។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- on a final personal note – as a last personal comment. → แាแំแแ់แ ំแាំแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแ ុแแ្แោแ
- constantly pose (a question) – to ask repeatedly. → แួแแឹแแាแ់ / แើแแំแួแแกើแแាแឹแแាแ់
- deathbed – the bed or moment when a person is about to die. → แ្แែแំแឺแុแแ្แាแ់ / แេแាแ ុแแ្แោแแៃแីแិแ
- wished they’d spent more time – regretted not giving more time. → แោแแ្แាแแា แិแแាแแ ំแាแแេแแ ្แើแแាแแេះ
- loved ones – people you deeply care about. → แแុแ្แแ្แแกាแ់ / แข្แแแាแីแ្แแกាแ់
- those they have served – people they helped or worked for. → แแុแ្แแែแแួแแេแ្แាแ់แแ្แើ แฌแួแแ ំแោះ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: The question uses past perfect (“they’d spent” = they had spent) to talk about an unreal, imagined past. “How many…?” introduces a rhetorical question; the short sentence “No one.” is a powerful, complete answer by itself.
KM: แំแួแแ្แើ past perfect “they’d spent” (they had spent) แើแ្แីแិแាแแขំแីแขแីแแាแแែแแ្แាแแกើแ (regret)។ แแ แាแแแំแួแ “How many…?” แៅแីแេះแឺแំแួแแូแិแแ័แ្แ (rhetorical) แ ើแแ្แាแ្แី “No one.” แឺแាแ แ្แើแแេแแេแ แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แាំแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
On a final personal note, I want to...– polite way to introduce a closing personal comment.How many [people] on their deathbeds wished they’d...– pattern for a reflective question.The answer is, No one.– statement + short emphatic answer.They think about [X], [Y], and [Z].– parallel list, very clear and rhythmic.
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แแแំแាំแេះแแแេแ៖
– “On a final personal note, I want to ask: How many people, at the end of their lives, wished they had earned more titles?”
– “The answer is, No one. They think about their character and the people they’ve helped.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: note, question, teaching, deathbeds, time, office, TV, loved ones, families
- Verbs: want, repeat, pose, wished, had spent, think, served
- Adjectives: final, personal
- Adverbs: constantly (modifies “pose”)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In many cultures, there is a common saying: “No one on their deathbed wishes they had worked more.” Covey is using this idea to challenge workaholism and shallow entertainment. He reminds readers that in the end, we measure life by love and service, not by hours in the office.
KM: แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แាแ ្แើแ แាแแแ្แแ់แែแแិแាแแា “แ្แាแแแแា แៅแើแ្แែแំแឺแុแแ្แាแ់ แុំแฒ្แแ្แួแแฏแแាแแ្แើแាแแ ្แើแแាแแេះแេ।” Covey แ្แើแំแិแแេះ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ្แាแแឹแ habit “แ្แើแាแแើแแแ្แិแ” แិแแាแแแ់แៅแ្แុแแាแแแ្แាแ្แแូแแแ្แแ៍។ แាแ់แំแឹแแា แៅแ ុแแ្แោแ แើแแាแ់แីแិแ แាแแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់ แិแแាแแแ្แើ แិแแែแแាแแ៉ោแแៅแាแិแាแ័แ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: Important verb phrases here include spend time at (give time to some place or activity) and think about (focus your thoughts on something). Related expressions: “look back on your life,” “make time for your family,” “give back to others.”
KM: แាแ្แแแ្แแំแាแ់៖
– spend time at the office = แ
ំแាแแេแแៅแាแិแាแ័แ
– think about your loved ones = แិแแขំแីแแុแ្แแ្แแกាแ់
แិแแាแ្แแាแ់แแ៖ “look back on your life” = แ្แแแ់แแแិแ
ាแแាแីแិแ, “make time for your family” = แំแแ់แេแแฒ្แแ្แួแាแ, “give back to others” = แฒ្แแិแ/แแ្แើแฒ្แแข្แแแแៃ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
This is so true with me. By far the greatest and most satisfying impact of the principles embodied in the 7 Habits comes out of the lives of my children and grandchildren.
«แข្แីแែแแាแแិแាแแេះ แិแแាแ្แូแแ្แាแ្แាំแแាแ់แแ្แាแ់แ្แុំแ្แាแ់។ แแแ៉ះแាแ់แ៏์แេแ แិแแ្แแ់แេแ แ្แីแេแแ ិแ្แแាแแេ แែแแើแแ េแแីแោแแាแแ៍แ្แុแ The 7 Habits แិแแែแแ៉ុแ្แោះแើแ្แួแแ្แុំแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแំแុแแេ แឺแើแីแិแแូแแ แិแแួแแ ៅแแแแ់แ្แុំ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: The writer says this statement is deeply true for him. The most powerful and satisfying results of living the 7 Habits are not just in his own life or career, but in the lives and character of his children and grandchildren.
KM: แข្แแแិแាแแ្แាแ់แា แ្แแោแแេះแិแแាแแแ្แแแ្แាំแแแ្แាแ់แាแ់។ แแแ្แขแ៏แាแแขแ្แแ័แ แិแแ្แแ់แេแ แ្แីแេแแ ិแ្แแាแแេ แីแាแแแ់แៅแាแแោแแាแแ៍แ្แុแ The 7 Habits แិแแែแแាแแែแើแីแិแ แិแแขាแីแแแแ់แាแ់แេ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแេแแំแុแ แឺแើแីแិแ แិแแแាแแขแ្แแ แិแแแแ់แូแแ แិแแួแแ ៅแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper message is: the real success of these principles is seen in the next generation. When our children and grandchildren live with good habits, that is more satisfying than personal awards, money, or status. It suggests that a true legacy is the character we pass on, not just achievements we collect.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ៖ แាแแោแแ័แแិแแ្แាแแแៃแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះ แ្แូแแាแแើแแ ្แាแ់แៅแើแីแិแแំแាแ់แแ្แាแ់។ แេแแូแแ แិแแួแแ ៅแแើแ แแ់แៅแោแแแ្แាแ់แ្แข แោះแแ្แើแแេแ แ្แីแេแแ ិแ្แแើแแแ់แាแแាแ់แแ្แាแ់ แ្แាแ់ แฌแំแែแ។ แាแ្แាแ់แើแแា “แេแแាแแូแ hรฉritage” แែแแំแាแ់แំแុแ แឺแขแ្แแ แិแ แិแแោแแាแแ៍แែแแើแแแ្แូแแแ្แ แិแแែแแាแข្แីแែแแើแแ្แแូแแេ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- This is so true with me. – a strong agreement; the speaker says the previous idea fits his own life very closely.
- By far the greatest and most satisfying impact – emphasizes that nothing else compares; this is number one.
- of the principles embodied in the 7 Habits – the core values and ideas from The 7 Habits that he has tried to live.
- comes out of the lives of my children and grandchildren. – the visible results show up in how his children and grandchildren live.
KM: แ្แแោแแើแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแแាแแแ្แាแ់แា “แេះแ្แឹแแ្แូแแ្แាំแแแ្แាแ់แ្แុំ” แแ្แាแ់แแแើแแกើแแា แแแ៉ះแាแ់แែแ “แขแ្แ ាแ្แ แិแแ្แแ់แេแ แ្แីแុแแ ិแ្แแាแแេ” แៃแោแแាแแ៍ 7 Habits แឺแ្แូแแាแแើแแើแแ ្แាแ់แ្แុแแីแិแแូแ แិแแ ៅ។ แាแំแុแแฒ្แแើแแិแแីแแแ៉ះแាแ់แแៈแេแแែแแើแ្แួแាแ។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- by far – used to emphasize that something is much greater than anything else. → แ្แឺแ ្แាแ់แាแแេ / แើแแេแ្แាแ
- greatest – the most important or strongest. → แំแំแុแ / แំแាแ់แំแុแ
- most satisfying – giving the deepest feeling of happiness and fulfillment. → แ្แแ់แេแ แ្แីแេแแ ិแ្แแ្แាំแแំแុแ
- impact – strong effect or influence. → แแแ៉ះแាแ់ / แฅแ្แិแแ
- principles embodied in – principles that are expressed and lived through something. → แោแแាแแ៍แែแแាแแแ្แแ់ / แแ្แ ូแแៅแ្แុแ…
- comes out of – results from; is seen in. → แើแแ េแแី / แแ្แ ាแแ្แួแแាแแแៈ
- grandchildren – children of your children. → แួแแ ៅ / แ ៅแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN: The phrase “This is so true with me.” is informal; more standard would be “for me,” but “with me” sounds conversational. The structure “By far the greatest and most satisfying impact…” uses “by far” to strengthen the superlative (“greatest”). The subject of the sentence is long: “the greatest and most satisfying impact … comes out of the lives of my children and grandchildren.”
KM: แ្แា “so true with me” แាแแៀแแិแាแแ្แាแแ (informal) แែแแ្แแ់แាแាแแំแแ់ “so true for me”។ แាแ្แ “by far” แ្แូแแាแแ្แើแើแ្แីแแ្แើแแแ្แាំแแ្แា superlative “greatest” (แขแ្แ ាแ្แแាแแេแំแុแ)។ แ្แแោแแាแแ្แแាแแែแแแ្แិแ ៖ “impact … comes out of the lives of my children and grandchildren”។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
- Pattern 1:
This is so true with/for me.– to strongly agree with a statement. - Pattern 2:
By far the greatest and most [adj] impact of [X] comes out of [Y]. - Pattern 3 (adaptation):
By far the greatest reward of my work comes out of seeing my children grow into responsible adults.
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แ្แើแំแាំแេះแแแេแแแ្แាแ់แីแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแូแ
แា៖
– “By far the greatest and most satisfying impact of building my company comes out of the lives of my team members and their families.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: impact, principles, lives, children, grandchildren
- Verbs: is, comes (out), embodied
- Adjectives: true, greatest, satisfying
- Adverbs: so, far (in “by far”)
- Prepositions: with, of, in, out of
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In many cultures, especially family-oriented ones, elders often say their greatest joy is seeing their children and grandchildren live well. This line connects the 7 Habits to multi-generational influence: not just “self-help,” but building a family culture where principles are lived and transmitted.
KM: แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แាแ ្แើแ (แួแแាំแแแ្แแแ៌แ្แែแ) แแុแ្แแ ាแ់แแែแแិแាแแា แេแ แ្แីแីแแាแแំแំแុแ แឺแឹแแា แូแแ ៅแแ់แៅแ្แข แាแแោแแាแแ៍។ แแ្แាแ់แេះแ្แាแ់ 7 Habits แៅแឹแ “แฅแ្แិแแแំแាแ់แ្แោแ” แฒ្แแើแแើแแា แាแិแแែแแាแៀแแៅแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแฏแแែแួแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแงแแแแ៍แ្แុแแាแแแ្แើแแแ្แแแ៌แ្แួแាแ แោแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: The phrase comes out of behaves like a phrasal/idiomatic expression meaning “results from” or “is produced by.” Related useful phrases: grow out of (develop from), pass on (values) (give to the next generation).
KM: comes out of = แើแแ
េแแី / แแ្แើแแ
េแแី។ แงแាแ แแ៍៖ “The best results come out of daily disciplined effort.”
แាแ្แแាแ់แแ៖
– grow out of = แូแแាแ់แ
េแแី
– pass on values = แแ្แូแแុแแแ្แៃแៅแំแាแ់แ្แោแ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
For example, my nineteen-year-old granddaughter, Shannon, was “drawn” to serve the orphans of Romania and wrote Sandra and me of an epiphany one day after a little sick child threw up on her and then reached out for a hug. In that moment, Shannon inwardly resolved “I don’t want to live a selfish life anymore. I must spend my life in service.” As of this writing she has returned to Romania and is still serving the people.
«แงแាแ แแ៍ แូแแ្แแុំแขាแុแแ់แួแแ្แាំแแแ់แ្แុំแ្แោះ Shannon แ្แូแแាแแាแ់แាแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แ (drawn) แฒ្แแៅแแ្แើแុแាแแំแ្แាแៅแ្แแេแ Romania แ ើแแាแแแแេแแแแូแแ្แី Sandra แិแแ្แុំ แขំแីแួแแแៈแ្แាแ់แឹแแំแ (epiphany) แួแแ្แៃ แแ្แាแ់แីแូแแំแ្แាแឺแូแ แ្แាแ់ แ្แขួแแើแ្แួแแាแ แ ើแแแ្แាแ់แแแាแแាแแៃแុំแขោแ។ แៅแេแแោះ Shannon แាแแแ្แេแ แ្แុแแ ិแ្แแា៖ “แ្แុំแិแแ แ់แแ់แីแិแแขแ់แ្แแ់แែแ្แួแแฏแแៀแแេ។ แ្แុំแ្แូแแ្แេแ្แា แฒ្แแីแិแแ្แួแแฏแแแ្แแแแ្แួแแ្แុแแាแแแ្แើ។” แៅแេแแแแេแแขแ្แแแแេះ แាแแាแแ្แแแ់แៅ Romania แិแ แ ើแแៅแែแแ្แแแ្แើแ្แแាแแแីแោះ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: The author gives a concrete example: his nineteen-year-old granddaughter Shannon felt a strong inner pull to serve Romanian orphans. After a sick child threw up on her and still reached out for a hug, she had a powerful inner awakening: she decided she didn’t want a selfish life anymore, but a life of service. At the time of writing, she has gone back to Romania and continues serving there.
KM: แข្แแแិแแ្แแแแงแាแ แแ៍แិแแแแแ្แ ាแ៖ แូแแ្แแុំแขាแុ แกแฉ แ្แាំแ្แោះ Shannon แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แាแ់แាแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แ แฒ្แแៅแแ្แើแុแាแแំแ្แាแៅ Romania។ แួแแ្แៃ แแ្แាแ់แីแុแាแแំแ្แាแឺแ្แាแ់ แ្แขួแแើแាแแួแ แែแួแ แ ើแแាแแាแแៃแុំแขោแ แាแแាแแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แាแ់แឹแแ្แាំแแួแแា៖ “แ្แុំแិแแ แ់แแ់แីแិแแ្แแ់แ្แាแ់ แែแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแฏแแៀแแេ។ แ្แុំแ្แូแแฒ្แแីแិแแ្แុំแแ្แាแ់แាแแแ្แើแข្แแแแៃ។” แៅแេแแแแេแแแ្แាแ់แេះ แាแแាแแ្แแกแ់แៅ Romania แិแ แិแแៅแែแแ្แแแ្แើแៅแីแោះ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper message is that real conversion to a life of service often comes in small, messy, human moments—not in a perfect, clean situation. The child’s trust and need for love, even when sick, touched Shannon’s heart so deeply that she redefined her whole life purpose. It shows how living the 7 Habits reaches into the next generation; the “legacy” is a heart that chooses service over selfishness.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ៖ แាแแ្แែแ ិแ្แแៅแแแីแិแแแ្แើ แិแแែแแើแแกើแแ្แុแแแ្แែแแ្แขាแแ្แขแฅแแ្แ ោះแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแ ្แើแแើแแกើแแ្แុแ แេแแេแាแូแ แ แែแแោแแេแแោแแแុแ្แแแ៌ แិแแាแแឹแแ្แាំ។ แុแាแแឺแ្แាแ់ แ្แขួแแើแាแ แ ើแแោះแីแាแ៉ាแแោះ แ៏แៅแែแ แ់แាแแขោแแឹแแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់ แាแាแแ៉ះแាแ់แแ់แ ិแ្แ Shannon แฒ្แแแ្แេแ แ្แូแแោแแំแแแីแិแ។ แាแแ្แ ាแแា แាแแแ់แាแแោแแាแแ៍ 7 Habits แแ្แแฅแ្แិแแแៅแំแាแ់แ្แោแ แោแแแ្แើแแូแแ ៅแែแแ្แើแแើแ “แแ្แើ” แំแួแ “แขាแ្แាแិแแ”។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- For example, my nineteen-year-old granddaughter, Shannon, was “drawn” to serve the orphans of Romania – introduces a personal example; “drawn” means she felt a strong inner pull.
- and wrote Sandra and me of an epiphany one day – she wrote them about a sudden, deep realization.
- after a little sick child threw up on her and then reached out for a hug – the specific, emotional moment that triggered her inner change.
- In that moment, Shannon inwardly resolved “I don’t want to live a selfish life anymore. I must spend my life in service.” – shows her internal decision and new life direction.
- As of this writing she has returned to Romania and is still serving the people. – confirms that this decision is not just emotion; she continues to act on it.
KM: แ្แแោแแំแូแแាแ់แงแាแ แแ៍แីแូแแ្แแុំ แិแแขាแแ្แแ៍ “drawn” แៅแแแាแแแ្แើ។ แแ្แាแ់แแแแ្แ ាแแ្แឹแ្แិแាแแ៍แូแ แួแ (แុแាแแឺแ្แขួแแើแាแ แ៉ុแ្แែแ៏แុំแขោแ) แែแแแ្แ ាแแขំแីแាแแ្แូแแាแ “แេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់” แแแ់แុแាแ។ แេแแោះ Shannon แแ្แេแ แ្แុแแ ិแ្แแ្แូแแីแិแ แិแแขំแើแแแ់แាแ។ แ្แแោแแ ុแแ្แោแแแ្แាแ់แា แាแแិแแ្แឹแแិแแេ แែแាแแិแแៅแแ្แើแាแ់แ្แែแ។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- granddaughter – the daughter of one’s son or daughter. → แូแแ្แแុំ (แូแแ្แីแแแ់แូแแ្แី/แូแแ្แុแ)
- was “drawn” to – felt a strong attraction or calling toward. → แ្แូแแាแแាแ់แាแแ្แុแแ ិแ្แ / แាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ แ់แៅแ្แើ
- orphans – children without parents. → แុแាแแំแ្แា
- epiphany – a sudden deep realization or understanding. → แ្แាแ់แឹแแ្แាំแ / แាแแแ់แឹแแ្แាแแ
- threw up – vomited. → แ្แขួแ
- reached out for a hug – extended arms to ask for an embrace. → แាแแៃแុំแขោแ
- inwardly resolved – decided deeply inside, in one’s heart. → แแ្แេแ แ្แុแแ ិแ្แ / แ ិแ្แแแ្แេแ
- selfish life – a life focused only on oneself. → แីแិแแขាแ្แាแិแแ / แិแแែแ្แួแแฏแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– “was ‘drawn’ to serve” uses passive + past participle to show an internal pull, not a conscious plan.
– “threw up on her and then reached out for a hug” uses past simple to narrate two actions in sequence (threw… then reached).
– Direct speech: “I don’t want to live a selfish life anymore. I must spend my life in service.” shows Shannon’s exact words and strong modality (“must”).
– “As of this writing she has returned…” uses present perfect (“has returned”) to connect past action to the present time of writing.
KM:
– was drawn = แិแแែแ “แេแแ្แំแฒ្แแៅ” แែแាแขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แូแแាแแាแ់แាแแ្แុแแ
ិแ្แ។
– แាแแ្แើแាแแขแីแแแ្แแា “threw up… reached out” แแ្แ ាแแแแ្แแាแแីแแែแแើแแแ្แแแ្แាแ់แ្แា។
– แាแแិแាแแ្แាแ់แ្แុแ “” แแ្แ ាแแាแแแ្แេแ
แ
ិแ្แแ្แាំแ (I must…)។
– “has returned” แแ្แ ាแแា แាแแ្แแแ់แួแ
แ ើแ แ ើแ still relevant แៅแេแแข្แแแិแแ្แแแแេแแขแ្แแแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
- Pattern 1:
For example, my [age]-year-old [relative], [Name], was drawn to [serve group]... - Pattern 2:
In that moment, [Name] inwardly resolved, “I don’t want to [old pattern] anymore. I must [new life direction].” - Pattern 3:
As of this writing, [he/she] has [action] and is still [ongoing action].
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แែแแ្แួแแូแ
แា៖
– “For example, my friend was drawn to serve poor children in Phnom Penh.”
– “In that moment, he inwardly resolved, ‘I don’t want to waste my life anymore.’”
– “As of this writing, he has returned to the village and is still serving the community.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: granddaughter, orphans, epiphany, child, moment, life, service, people
- Verbs: was drawn, serve, wrote, threw up, reached out, resolved, want, live, must spend, has returned, is serving
- Adjectives: nineteen-year-old, little, sick, selfish
- Adverbs/phrases: for example, inwardly, still
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: Serving orphans in another country is a common form of volunteer work in many Western cultures, but the story here focuses less on “travel” and more on inner transformation. It fits Habit 2 (Begin with the End in Mind) and Habit 7 (Sharpen the Saw): her “end” becomes a life of service, and her “renewal” comes through loving difficult, real people in pain.
KM: แៅแ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แាแแិแ แแុแ្แแ័แแ្แេแแាแ ្แើแแ ូแแួแแាแ្แ័แ្แแ ិแ្แแៅแួแแុแាแแំแ្แាแ្แុแแ្แแេแแ្แេแแ។ แែแឿแแេះแិแแ្แោแแើแិแ័แ “แេแแ แแ៍” แេ แ៉ុแ្แែแ្แោแแើแាแแ្แែแ ិแ្แแាแแ្แុแ។ แាแ្แแแឹแ Habit 2 (Begin with the End in Mind) แ្แោះแាแแំแុแแំแแ់ “แ ុแแ្แូแแីแិแ” แាแីแិแแแ្แើ แិแ Habit 7 (Sharpen the Saw) แ្แោះแាแแแ្แើแแុแ្แแឺแ ាแ់ แ្แាแแាแាแแែแแ្แขแ ិแ្แ แិแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แាแ់แแแ់แាแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN:
- threw up (on her) – to vomit. → แ្แขួแแើ
- reach out (for a hug) – to extend the arms or make a request for connection/help. → แាแแៃแុំแขោแ / แុំแ្แិแ្แแ្แាแ
- spend my life (in service) – not a strict phrasal verb, but a very common phrase meaning to use one’s life for a purpose. → แ្แើแីแិแแ្แួแแฏแแើ…
KM:
– threw up แឺแិแិแាแแ្แាแ់แแ្แាแ់ “แ្แขួแ”។
– reach out for a hug แแ្แ ាแแแแ្แแាแแុំแេแ
แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់។
– spend my life in service แាแាแ្แแំแាแ់แាแ់แแ្แាแ់แំแិแ “แីแិแแ្แแ់แขแ្แแ្แแោแแ៍แแ្แាแ់แข្แแแแៃ”។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
All of our children are married and, with their spouses, have developed principle-based mission statements focused on service. To see them live these mission statements gives us joy in our posterity.
«แូแแแាំแแขแ់แแแ់แើแแាแแៀแแាแ แ ើแแួแแាแួแแ្แាแីแแិแាแแแ់แួแแាแ់ แាំแแขแ់แាแแแ្แើแแេแแแแ្แแីแិแ แោแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍ (principle-based mission statements) แែแแ្แោแแើแាแแแ្แើ។ แាแแើแแើแแួแแេแแ់แៅแាแแេแแแแ្แแាំแแេះ แាแแាំแแแាแេแ แ្แីแីแแាแแ៏แ្แាแแ្แៅแ ំแោះแំแាแ់แ្แោแ (posterity) แแแ់แើแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: The writer says that all of their children are married and, together with their husbands or wives, they have created mission statements based on principles and focused on serving others. Watching their children and spouses actually live by these mission statements brings deep joy about their future generations.
KM: แข្แแแិแាแแ្แាแ់แា แូแแแាំแแขแ់แแแ់แួแแាแ់แាแแៀแแាแ แ ើแแួแแាแួแแ្แាแី แฌแแិแាแแแ់แ្แួแ แួแแេแាแแแ្แើแแេแแแแ្แแីแិแ แែแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍ แិแแ្แោแแើแាแแแ្แើแข្แแแแៃ។ แាแแើแแើแแូแ แិแแ្แាแីแแិแាแแแ់แួแแេแแ់แៅแាแแេแแแแ្แแាំแแេះ แ្แើแฒ្แแាแ់แាแแេแ แ្แីแីแแាแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแแ ំแោះแំแាแ់แ្แោแแแแ់แាแ់។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The deeper idea is that the real proof of successful parenting and teaching is when children, as adults, build their own purpose based on true principles and service. It’s not just that they are “successful,” but that they are intentionally living for something higher than themselves. This gives the parents confidence and joy about the future of the family line.
KM: แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺแា แាแแขแ់แំแแ្แាแแោแแ័แแិแแ្แាแแ แឺแេแแូแแแំแกើแแួแ แួแแេแแ្แេแ แេแแแแ្แแីแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แោแแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍ แិแแាแแแ្แើแแុแ្แแแៃ។ แិแแែแแ្แឹแแែ “แោแแ័แ” แាแแ្แแ់แាแแាแแ្แៅแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแីแិแแាแแោแแំแแแ្แแ់แាแแ្แួแแฏแ។ แាแ្แើแฒ្แแชแុแแ្แាแ แាแแំแុแแ ិแ្แ แិแแេแ แ្แីแីแแាแแ ំแោះแขแាแแแแแ់แ្แួแាแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- All of our children are married – gives the family situation: all children are adults with families.
- and, with their spouses, have developed… – they did this together as couples, not alone.
- principle-based mission statements focused on service – written statements of purpose built on principles, not on ego; focused on serving.
- To see them live these mission statements – the parents see their children actually practicing what they wrote.
- gives us joy in our posterity – this brings joy and hope when they think of future generations.
KM: แ្แแោแแីแួแแแ្แ ាแแ្แាแแាแแ្แួแាแ (แូแแแៀแแាแแួแ ) แแ្แាแ់แแแ្แោแแើแขំแើแួแแแាแแូแ แិแแ្แាแីแแិแា แោแแแ្แើแแេแแแแ្แแ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍។ แ្แแោแแ្แោแแแ្แ ាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แชแុแแ្แាแ៖ แាแแើแแើแแួแแេ “แแ់แៅแាแแេแแแแ្แ” แ្แើแฒ្แแាแแេแ แ្แីแីแแាแแើแំแាแ់แ្แោแแាំแแូแ។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- spouse – a husband or wife. → แៃแូแแ្แាแីแแិแា
- principle-based – built on or guided by principles (truths that don’t change). → แ្แขែแแើแោแแាแแ៍ / แឹแแាំแោแแោแแាแแ៍
- mission statement – a short written statement that explains a person’s or organization’s purpose. → แេแ แ្แីแ្แែแแេแแแแ្แ / แោแแំแแแីแិแแแแេแแាแขแ្แแ
- focused on service – strongly directed toward serving others. → แ្แោแแើแាแแแ្แើ / แាแแ្แแ់แេแា
- posterity – all future generations of one’s family; descendants. → แំแាแ់แ្แោแ / แូแแ ៅแំแាแ់แ្แោแ
- to live (a mission statement) – to practice and act according to it, not just write it. → แแ់แขแុแแ្แแៅแាแแេแแแแ្แ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– “All of our children are married” uses the present simple to describe a present state.
– The phrase “and, with their spouses, have developed…” uses present perfect (“have developed”) to show a completed action with present relevance.
– “To see them live these mission statements gives us joy…” uses an infinitive (to see) as the subject of the verb “gives.” The real subject is the whole phrase “To see them live these mission statements.”
KM:
– “are married” = แ្แាแแាแแแ
្แ
ុแ្แแ្แ (แាแแៀแแាแแ ើแ)។
– “have developed” (present perfect) แแ្แ ាแแា แាแแแ្แើแแេแแแแ្แแាแแ្แើแួแ
แៅแ ើแ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแขแ្แแ័แแแ្แแแแแ់แ្แៃแេះ។
– แ្แុแแ្แแោแแីแីแ “To see them live these mission statements” แាแ្แแាแแិแแ แែแแ្แើแฒ្แแិแិแាแแ្แ “gives” แ្แូแแแแេแแាแแ្แแ់แฏแแแ
แៈ (adds “-s”)។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
- Pattern 1:
All of our children are [adjective/state]. - Pattern 2:
[Subject], with [group], have developed [adjective] mission statements focused on [theme]. - Pattern 3:
To see them [verb phrase] gives us joy in [area].
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แែแាแ្แแោแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแូแ
แា៖
– “With my team, we have developed principle-based mission statements focused on serving our clients.”
– “To see my team live these mission statements gives me joy in our company’s future.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: children, spouses, principles, mission statements, service, joy, posterity
- Verbs: are, have developed, live, gives
- Adjectives: principle-based, married (also past participle acting as adjective), focused
- Prepositions: with, on, in
- Infinitive phrase:
To see them live these mission statements(acts as a noun/subject)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In the 7 Habits tradition, a family or couple “mission statement” is a written agreement about what kind of people they want to be and how they want to live together. It becomes like a compass. This quote shows a second-generation culture of principles: the parents lived 7 Habits, and now the children as couples create their own mission statements focused on service, not selfish success.
KM: แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌ 7 Habits แាแแំแិแ “family mission statement” แែแแាแេแ แ្แីแ្แាแแขแ្แแแขំแីแแ្แៃ แិแแែแแែแแแ់แៅแួแแ្แា។ แាแូแ แាแំแ្แ៉ាแ แែแាំแីแិแแ្แួแាแ។ แแ្แាแ់แេះแแ្แ ាแแីแแ្แแแ៌แ្แួแាแแំแាแ់แីแข៖ แชแុแแ្แាแแแ់แាแ 7 Habits แួแ แូแแแ៏แ្แើแេแแแแ្แแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแ្แขែแแើ “service” แិแแែแแើแขោแแ្แួแแฏแแែแួแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: There are no strong phrasal verbs, but two useful verb phrases:
- develop (mission statements) – to create, design, and refine them over time.
- live (these mission statements) – idiomatic: to live according to them in real behavior.
KM:
– develop แៅแីแេះ = แៀแแ
ំ / แแ្แើแ / แขแិแแ្แแแ្แិแ
แ្แแแ។
– live these mission statements = แិแแែแ “แแ់แៅแាแួแแ្แแាแ” แេ แ៉ុแ្แែ “แแ់แขោแแ្แូแแាแแขแ្แแ แិแแោแแាแแ៍แ្แុแแ្แแាแ”។ แេះแាแាแ្แแំแាแ់แ្แុแ 7 Habits (live the principles, live the mission, live the values)។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
As you now commence reading The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, I also promise you an exciting learning adventure. Share with your loved ones what you are learning. And most important, start applying what you are learning. Remember, to learn and not to do is really not to learn. To know and not to do is really not to know.
«แេแแข្แแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแขាแแៀแแៅ The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People แេះ แ្แុំแ៏แแ្แាแฑ្แแข្แแแែแแី แំแើแแៀแแ៏แំแើแ แួแ។ แ ែแแំแែแแข្แីแែแแข្แแแំแុแแៀแแាแួแ แแុแ្แแែแแข្แแแ្แแាแ់។ แ ើแแំแាแ់แំแុแ แ ាแ់แ្แើแแขแុแแ្แแข្แីแែแแข្แแแៀแ។ แ ាំแា៖ แៀแ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแแขแុแแ្แ แ៏แាแแ័แแា แិแแាแ់แាแแៀแ។ แឹแ แ៉ុแ្แែแិแแขแុแแ្แ แ៏แាแแ័แแា แិแแាแ់แាแแឹแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: As the reader begins The 7 Habits, the author assures them that the journey ahead will be exciting and transformative. He encourages readers to share their learning with loved ones and, above all, to apply the principles in real life. He emphasizes that learning without action is not true learning, and knowing without acting is not true knowing.
KM: แៅแេแแข្แแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแขាแ 7 Habits แข្แแแិแแ្แแ្แាแ់แុแแុแแា แំแើแแៀแแេះแឹแ แំแើแ แិแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแីแិแ។ แាแ់แើแแឹแแ ិแ្แแฒ្แแข្แแ แ ែแแំแែแแข្แីแែแแៀแแាแ แាแួแแแុแ្แแាแីแ្แแกាแ់ แ ើแ แំแាแ់แាแแេ แឺแ្แូแแขแុแแ្แ។ แាแ់แំแឹแแា៖ แៀแ แែแ្แាแแขแុแแ្แ = แិแแាแ់แៀแ แិแ แឹแ แែแ្แាแแขแុแแ្แ = แិแแាแ់แឹแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: The author stresses an important universal truth: knowledge becomes real only through action. The journey of transformation in the 7 Habits is not passive—it's active, shared, and practiced daily. He also suggests that learning together with family builds a stronger culture of growth and shared principles.
KM: แាแ់แแ្แាแ់แ ្แាแ់แីแេแ แ្แីแិแแแแแួแ៖ แ ំแេះแឹแแឹแแ្แាแแាแ ំแេះแឹแแិแ แែแេแแើแแขแុแแ្แแា។ แំแើแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแៅแ្แុแ 7 Habits แិแแែแแ្แាแ់แែแขាแแេ แែแ្แូแแขแុแแ្แแាแៀแแាแ់แ្แៃ។ แាแแ ែแแំแែแแាแួแแ្แួแាแ แ៏แួแแแ្แើแ แแ្แแแ៌แៀแแួแ แិแแោแแាแแ៍แាแแ្แីแ្แុแแ្แួแាแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- As you now commence reading... – “commence” = begin formally.
- I also promise you an exciting learning adventure. – assures a meaningful journey.
- Share with your loved ones what you are learning. – encourages community learning.
- start applying what you are learning. – action is the key.
- to learn and not to do is really not to learn. – defines the meaning of true learning.
- to know and not to do is really not to know. – defines the meaning of true knowledge.
KM: แ្แแោแแាំแแขแ់แ្แោแแើ “แ ាแ់แ្แើแ → แ ែแแំแែแ → แขแុแแ្แ → แ្แាแแាแ ំแេះแឹแแិแ”។ แាแแแេแแាแំแាំแំแើแแៀแแែแแข្แแแขាแ แขแុแแ្แแាแแ្แាแแ។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- commence – begin (formal). → แ ាแ់แ្แើแ
- exciting – full of energy and enthusiasm. → แំแើแ / แួแแขោแแ ាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แាំแ
- loved ones – people you care deeply about. → แแុแ្แแាแីแ្แแាแ់
- apply – put knowledge into action. → แขแុแแ្แ
- to learn and not to do... – a parallel structure expressing principle/philosophy.
- really – emphasizes the truth of the statement. → แិแแ្แាแแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The repeated structure “to learn and not to do is really not to learn” uses infinitive phrases as subjects.
– The parallelism (“to learn… not to do… is not to learn”) creates rhythm and emphasis.
– Imperatives: Share…, start applying…, Remember… – direct instructions to the reader.
KM:
– แแ្แแ់ infinitive (to learn / to do / to know) แ្แូแแាแแ្แើแាแ្แแាแแ្แแោแ។
– แ្แแោแแាแแំแាំแ្แួแ แើแ្แីแแ្แើแแขแ្แแ័แแឹแแាំ។
– แ្แើแេแ
แ្แីแแ្แា (imperatives) แើแ្แីแើแแឹแแ
ិแ្แแข្แแแขាแแขោแแ្แើแាแ់แ្แែแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
- Pattern 1:
As you commence [activity], I promise you [experience]. - Pattern 2:
Share with [people] what you are learning. - Pattern 3:
To [verb] and not to [verb] is really not to [verb].
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แ្แើแំแាំแេះแแ្แាแ់แីแិแแแแ់แข្แแแែแ៖
– “As you commence learning English, I promise you steady progress.”
– “Share with your family what you are practicing.”
– “To plan and not to do is really not to plan.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: adventure, loved ones, life, knowledge
- Verbs: commence, promise, share, learning, applying, learn, know, do
- Adjectives: exciting
- Adverbs: now, really
- Infinitives: to learn, to do, to know
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: This reflects Covey’s philosophy that wisdom is practical, not theoretical. The 7 Habits is not a book to admire but to live. The message “knowing ≠ doing” is common in leadership and personal development training across many cultures.
KM: แេះแแ្แ ាแแំแិแแោแแแแ់ Covey៖ แ្แាแ្แាแឺแាแแขแុแแ្แ แិแแែแแ្แឹแแាแแ្แឹះแិแ្แាแីแៈ។ 7 Habits แិแแែแแាแៀแแៅแขាแแแ្แាแแេ แែแាแៀแแៅ “แแ់แាแแា”។ แំแិแ “แឹแ ≠ แขแុแแ្แ” แឺแាแแ្แឹះแំแាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แុះแแ្แាแแข្แแแឹแแាំแាแ ្แើแแៅแិแแแោแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
There are no strong phrasal verbs in this passage, but there are important verb patterns:
- start applying – begin using knowledge in action.
- share with – communicate something to someone.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verbs แ
แ្แแแេ แែแាแแแ្แแ់แិแិแាแំแាแ់แ៖
– start applying = แ
ាแ់แ្แើแแขแុแแ្แ
– share with = แ
ែแแំแែแแាแួแ
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
I have personally found living the 7 Habits a constant struggle—primarily because the better you get, the very nature of the challenge changes, just like skiing, playing golf, tennis, or any sport does. Because I sincerely work and struggle every day at living these principle-embodied habits, I warmly join you in this adventure.
«แ្แាแ់แ្แួแแ្แុំแាแแแแើแแា แាแแแ់แៅแាแ 7 Habits แឺแាแាแแแ៊ូแแ្แแแ្แាแ់ แួแแ ្แើแแាแ់ แិแេแแោแแាแ แេแแែแแข្แแแាแ់แែแ្แแើแแกើแ แ៏ “แแ្แแាแិแៃแแ្แ ា” แ៏แ្แែแแៅแិแ แូแ แាแីแกាแិះแ្แី แេแแូแីแก៍ แេแីแ แฌแីแกាแាแួแแែแ។ แ្แោះแ្แុំ แំแ្แើแាแแិแแแ៊ូแៀแแាแ់แ្แៃ แ្แុแแាแแแ់แៅแាแแแ្แាแ់แ៏แแ្แូแแៅแោแแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแេះ แ្แុំ แួแแ ិแ្แแួแแ្แូแแាแួแแข្แแ แ្แុแแំแើแแ្แแแ្แេแแៀแแ៏แขแ្แ ាแ្แแេះแแแែแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN: The author admits that actually living the 7 Habits is a continual struggle. As you improve, the challenges don’t disappear; they change and become more advanced, like in sports. Because he works every day to live these principle-based habits, he says he joins the reader on the same learning journey.
KM: แข្แแแិแแ្แแាแแាแแា แាแแแ់แៅแាแ 7 Habits แិแแែแแាแแ្แแេ แឺแាแាแแแ៊ូแាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់។ แេแแើแแាแ់แែแ្แแើแแกើแ แแ្แ ាแិแแាแ់แแ់แេ แែแាแ្แែแូแแាแ แិแแាแ់แែแ្แៅ แូแ แីแกាแ្แេแแ។ แ្แោះแាแ់แំแុแแំแขแុแแ្แแแ្แាแ់แាំแแេះแៀแแាแ់แ្แៃ แាแ់แាแแ្แាแ់แា แាแ់แំแុแ แើแแាแแ្แូแแូแ แข្แแ แ្แុแแំแើแแៀแ แិแแែแแ្แขแ្แួแแេះ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN: He is modeling humility and honesty. Even the “expert” is still struggling and practicing. Growth is not a straight line; each new level brings new types of challenges. By comparing the 7 Habits to sports, he shows that mastery comes only through continual practice, not just reading. He also builds emotional connection by saying, “I’m in this with you.”
KM: แាแ់แំแុแแแ្แ ាแ แាแแាแแ្แួแ แិแแ្แោះแ្แแ់។ แោះแាแាแ់แាแข្แแแแ្แៀแแ៏แោแ แាแ់แៅแែแแ៊ុแ៉ាแแแแ្แแែแ។ แាแแូแแាแ់แិแแែแแแ្แាแ់แែแួแ แกើแแแីแាแ់แแ្แិแแេ แែแ្แแ់แแ្แិแแាแแแ្แ ាแែแแ្แីแ។ แាแแ្แៀแแៀแแាแួแแីแกា แแ្แ ាแแា แំแាแแแแីแាแแ ្แឹแแ ាแ់แแ្แแแ្แាแ់ แិแแែแแីแាแแขាแแ៉ុแ្แោះ។ แោแแិแាแแា “แ្แុំแួแแ្แើแាแួแแข្แแ” แាแ់แแ្แើแแាแแ្แាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍ แិแแេแ แ្แីแុแแ ិแ្แแាแួแแข្แแแขាแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- I have personally found... – personal experience, not theory.
- living the 7 Habits a constant struggle – daily effort and difficulty.
- primarily because the better you get, the very nature of the challenge changes – main reason: higher level → new type of challenge.
- just like skiing, playing golf, tennis, or any sport – sports analogy for progressive skill.
- Because I sincerely work and struggle every day... – continuous commitment.
- I warmly join you in this adventure – invitation and companionship.
KM: แ្แแោแแឺ “แ្แុំแំแុแแแ៊ូ → แ្แោះแាแ់แែแ្แแើแ แแ្แ ាแាแ់แែแ្แែแ → แូแ แីแกា → แ្แុំแំแុแแ ្แឹแแ ាแ់แៀแแាแ់แ្แៃ → แូแ ្แេះ แ្แុំแួแแ្แើแំแើแแាแួแแข្แแ”។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- constant struggle – ongoing, continuous effort and difficulty. → แាแแแ៊ូแแ្แแแ្แាแ់
- primarily – mainly, chiefly. → แាแ แ្แแ / แាแូแแ េแុแំแាแ់
- the very nature of the challenge – the core character of the difficulty. → แแ្แแាแិแៃแแ្แ ាแ្แាแ់
- principle-embodied habits – habits that contain and express principles. → แแ្แាแ់แែแแแ្แូแแៅแោแแោแแាแแ៍
- warmly – with kindness and sincerity. → แោแแ ិแ្แแแ់แ្แៅ / แោแแ្แោះ
- adventure – exciting, sometimes risky, journey. → แំแើแแ្แแแ្แេแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– “I have personally found…” uses the present perfect to show an experience that started in the past and is still true now.
– “living the 7 Habits a constant struggle”: here “living the 7 Habits” is a gerund phrase acting as the object of “found,” and “a constant struggle” is the object complement (what it is found to be).
– The two sentences are linked by “Because…”, giving reason and result.
KM:
– แាแแแ
្แ
ុแ្แแ្แแแ់ have found แแ្แ ាแแแแិแោแแ៍แាំแแីแុแแแ ូแแแ់แแ
្แ
ុแ្แแ្แ។
– living the 7 Habits แា gerund phrase (แិแិแាแแ្แแแ្แើแแាแាแ) แែแแ្แើแាแแ្แុ (object)
แแแ់ found។ a constant struggle แឺแាแាแ្แแំแេแ (complement) แូแแแ្แុ។
– แ្แើ Because... แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแូแแ េแុ → «แ្แោះ… แូแ
្แេះ…»។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
- Pattern 1:
I have personally found [gerund phrase] a [adjective] [noun].
→ “I have personally found leading a team a constant challenge.” - Pattern 2:
Because I [verb] every day at [activity], I [verb] you in this [journey/adventure].
→ “Because I work every day at improving my English, I join you in this learning journey.” - Pattern 3 (comparison):
…changes, just like [activity] or any sport does.
KM: แข្แแแขាแ
แแแំแាំแេះแแแេแแขំแីแីแិแแแแ់แข្แแแែแ៖
– “I have personally found building a company a constant challenge.”
– “Because I work and struggle every day at serving my clients, I warmly join my team in this adventure.”
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: struggle, nature, challenge, skiing, golf, tennis, sport, adventure, habits
- Verbs: have found, living, get, changes, work, struggle, join
- Adjectives: constant, better, principle-embodied
- Adverbs: personally, primarily, sincerely, every day, warmly
- Conjunctions: because, just like, or
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN: In many Western self-development books, authors sometimes appear “perfect.” Here, Covey does the opposite—he openly admits his ongoing struggle. This builds trust and shows that the 7 Habits is a lifelong practice, similar to an athlete who keeps training even at a high level.
KM: แ្แុแแៀแแៅแขแិแแ្แแ្แួแแាแ ្แើแ แข្แแแិแแ្แแ ាแ់แូแ แា “แ្แขแ្แแ់แ៉ាแ”។ แែ Covey แ្แแกแ់แแ្แ ្แាแ แឺ แាแแាแแាแាแ់แំแុแแแ៊ុแ ្แើแแូแ แ្แា។ แាแแ្แើแแេแ แ្แីแឿแុแแ ិแ្แ แិแแំแឹแแា 7 Habits แឺแាแាแแขแុแแ្แแេแแីแិแ แូแ แីแกាแแแែแแ្แូแแ ្แឹแแ ាแ់แាแិแ ្แ แោះแ្แិแแើแแ្แិแแ្แแ់แ៏แោแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN: There are no explicit phrasal verbs, but there are idiomatic ideas:
- living the 7 Habits – similar to “live out the habits,” meaning to practice them in daily life.
- join you in this adventure – idiomatic phrase meaning to share the same journey or challenge.
KM:
– live (out) the 7 Habits แាแแ័แแា “แแ់แាแแแ្แាแ់แាំแแេះแ្แុแแីแិแแិแ”។
– join you in this adventure แាแแ័แแា “แ្แុំแួแแ្แូแแាแួแแข្แแ แ្แុแแំแើแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ แិแแៀแ”។