ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
แ្แើแ៊ូแុแ S0, S1, S2… แើแ្แីแិแ/แើแแិแ្แแ័แแแแ់แ្แแោแแីแួแแ។ แ៊ូแុแ See all แើแแแ្แ ាแแាแាแ្แែแ + แ្แែแแិแ្แាแាំแ แฉ។ แ្แែแแី แกแ แាแแ៊ូแុแ Back to top of this sentence แើแ្แីแกើแแិแแៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ។
“Interdependence is a higher value than independence.”
«แាแแขแ់แขាแាแแឹแแ្แขែแแ្แា (Interdependence) แាแแแ្แៃแ្แแ់แាแแាแแฏแแាแ្แ (Independence)។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
The sentence means that working together and relying on each other in a healthy, collaborative way produces better results than working alone with full independence.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแាแแ័แแា แាแแ្แើแាแแាแួแแ្แា แឹแแ្แขែแแើแ្แាแៅแិแแៅแแ แាំแแាแแាแแแ แាแ แាแข្แីแែแแាแแแ្แៃ แិแแាแแ្แแិแ្แแាแแ្แแ់แាแแាแแ្แើแែแฏแ แฌแាแแឹแแ្แขែแแើแ្แួแแฏแแែแ៉ុแ្แោះ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
Covey teaches that independence is good, but not the highest stage of human effectiveness. The highest level is interdependence—people working together in synergy to achieve what individuals alone cannot accomplish.
KM:
Covey แแ្แៀแแា แាแแฏแแាแ្แแឺแ្แข—but แិแแែแแាแแ្แិแแ្แแ់แំแុแแៃแាแแាแแ្แแិแ្แแាแแេ។ แแ្แិแแ្แแ់แំแុแแឺแាแแขแ់แขាแាแแឹแแ្แขែแแ្แា แែแแแុแ្แแ្แើแាแแាแួแแ្แា แแ្แើแ “synergy” แិแแាแแแ្แแแแើแแីแข្แីแែแแ្แាแ់แฏแแขាแ แ្แើแាแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- Interdependence – a state of mutual support and collaboration.
- is – linking verb showing definition/equivalence.
- a higher value – meaning more important, more impactful.
- than independence – comparing two states: interdependence > independence.
KM: – Interdependence = แឹแแ្แขែแแ្แា / แแ แាแ – a higher value = แាแแแ្แៃแ្แแ់แាแ – than independence = แាแแាแแฏแแាแ្แ
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- Interdependence – Mutual reliance; working together for shared goals.
- Independence – Self-reliance; functioning without needing help.
- Higher value – More important, more effective, greater impact.
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
This is a simple comparative structure:
A is a higher value than B
“Higher” is a comparative adjective.
KM: แ្แើแแ
แាแแ្แ័แ្แแ្แៀแแៀแ:
A is a higher value than B
“Higher” = แាแ្แแ្แៀแแៀแ (comparative adjective)។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
[Concept A] + is + [comparative phrase] + than + [Concept B]
KM: แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់แ្แៀแแៀแแំแិแแីแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: interdependence, value, independence
- Verb: is
- Adjective: higher
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This ties directly to Habit 4 (Think Win-Win), Habit 5 (Seek First to Understand), and Habit 6 (Synergize). Western culture often glorifies independence, but Covey emphasizes that greatest achievements come from collaboration.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแ្แាแ់แាแួแ Habit 4, 5 แិแ 6។ แแ្แแแ៌แ្แះแើแแแ្แើแแាแแฏแแាแ្แ—but Covey แแ្แ ាแแា แแិแ្แិแแแំแំแុแแើแแกើแแីแាแแแ แាแแឹแแ្แขែแแ្แា។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
None in this sentence.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verb แ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“This work is a synergistic product of many minds. It began in the middle seventies as I was reviewing 200 years of success literature as part of a doctoral program. I am grateful for the inspiration and wisdom of many thinkers and for the trans-generational sources and roots of this wisdom.”
«แ្แាแៃแេះแឺแាแแ្แแแแ៊ីแឺแី (synergistic product) แួแแ្แាแែแแាแแแ្แើแแីแំแិแ แិแแួแแ្แាแแแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแ។ แាแ ាแ់แ្แើแแกើแแៅแแ្แាแแแแแ្แแ៍ แงแ แแៈแែแแ្แុំแំแុแแិแិแ្แแ្แាแแ្แាแแขแ្แแแិแ្แ៍แขំแីแាแแោแแ័แแแៈแេแ แขแ แ แ្แាំ แាแ្แែแแួแแៃแแ្แแិแីแแ្แិแ។ แ្แុំแាแแោแแแាแ แិแแូแแขแแុแแ ំแោះแាแแំแ្แแแ ិแ្แ แិแแ្แាแ្แាแแแ់แข្แแแិแแាแ ្แើแ แិแแ ំแោះแ្แแแแ្แแแំแាแ់ แិแแฌแแแ់แៃแ្แាแ្แាแាំแแេះ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey explains that this book did not come only from his own ideas. It grew from the combined thinking of many people and from two centuries of success writings that he studied during his doctoral work. He feels deep gratitude for those earlier thinkers and traditions.
KM:
Covey แแ្แាแ់แា แៀแแៅแេះ แិแแែแแើแแกើแแីแំแិแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแែแ្แាแ់แฏแแេ។ แាแាแแ្แแแแៃแំแិแแួแ แแแ់แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแ แិแแขแ្แแแាแแោแแ័แแแៈแេแ แขแ แ แ្แាំ แែแแាแ់แាแแិแ្แា แ្แុแแแ្แแแ្แិแ។ แាแ់แាแแแแិแាแแ្แាំแแ ំแោះแข្แแแិแแាแ ្แើแ แិแแ្แแแแ្แាแ្แាแ្แแแំแាแ់แែแแ្แើแฒ្แแ្แាแៃแេះแើแแกើแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
The deeper message is humility. Covey is saying, “This is not just my genius; it is the result of many minds across generations.” He honors the wider tradition of success and character literature, and positions The 7 Habits as part of a long line, not a one-man invention.
KM:
แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ “แាแแแ្แแ់แขោแ” แិแแាแแោแแแ្แแแ។ Covey แំแុแแិแាแแា «แ្แាแៃแេះแិแแែแแាแข្แីแែแแ្แុំแฏแแ្แាแแฏแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแ្แแแแៃแំแិแแแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแ แិแแขแ្แแแិแ្แ៍แขំแីแាแแោแแ័แแ្แแแំแាแ់»។ แាแ់แោแแแ្แแៃแីแៀแแៅแขំแីแីแแแ៌ แិแแាแแោแแ័แ แ ើแแាแ់ 7 Habits แាแ្แែแแួแแៃแ្แែแแ្แាแ់แแ្แแแ៌แែแแួแ แិแแែแแាแแแ់แแុแ្แแ្แាแ់แฏแแกើแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- This work is a synergistic product of many minds. – The book comes from combined thinking (synergy), not one person.
- It began in the middle seventies – The project started around the mid-1970s.
- as I was reviewing 200 years of success literature – during a long study of books on success.
- as part of a doctoral program. – this research was for his PhD studies.
- I am grateful for the inspiration and wisdom of many thinkers – he thanks earlier authors.
- and for the trans-generational sources and roots of this wisdom. – he honors the long, deep history behind these ideas.
KM:
แ្แแោแแំแែแแ េแแាแแា៖ – แ្แាแៃแេះ = แแ្แแแแ៊ីแឺแីแแแ់ “many minds” – แាแ ាแ់แ្แើแแាแแ្แแ = แแ្แាแแแแแ្แแ៍ แงแ – แแៈแំแុแแិแិแ្แ แขแ แ แ្แាំแៃ success literature แ្แុแแแ្แแិแីแแ្แិแ – แិแแាแแ្แแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แขแแុแแแ់แข្แแแិแแាแ ្แើแ แិแแ្แแแแ្แាแ្แាแ្แแแំแាแ់។
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- synergistic – producing a result greater than the sum of separate parts. → แ៊ីแឺแី / แแ្แើแแแ្แแแแើแแីแแแូแแแ្แแា
- success literature – books and writings about success, achievement, and personal development. → แขแ្แแแិแ្แ៍ / แៀแแៅแขំแីแាแแោแแ័แ
- doctoral program – advanced university program leading to a PhD. → แแ្แแិแីแแ្แិแ (PhD)
- inspiration – something that gives you ideas or motivation. → แាแแំแ្แแแ ិแ្แ / แាแแំแុแแំแិแ
- trans-generational – passing across many generations. → แ្แแแំแាแ់ / แាแ់แំแាแ់
- roots of this wisdom – deep origins of these ideas. → แฌแแแ់แៃแ្แាแ្แាแេះ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
The first sentence uses present simple (“is”) to describe a general truth about the work. The second sentence uses past simple (“began”) and past continuous (“was reviewing”) to describe an action in progress in the 1970s. “I am grateful” uses present simple to show a feeling that is still true now.
KM:
– “is” (present simple) แแ្แ ាแแីแាแแិแแ៌แាแាแแាแ្แแៃแីแแแ់แ្แាแៃ – “It began… as I was reviewing…” แ្แើ past simple + past continuous แើแ្แីแ្แាแ់แីแขំแើแើแแกើแแ្แុแแขแីแแាแแែแแាแแំแើแแាแแแ្แ – “I am grateful” แแ្แ ាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แោแแแแើแแែแแៅแែแែแแាแแแ ូแแแแแ់แ្แៃแេះ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
Pattern:
This work is a [adjective] product of [source].It began in [time period] as I was [continuous action].I am grateful for [things] and for [deeper sources].
KM: แំแាំแេះแขាแ แ្แើแแแេแแី “แ្แแแแៃแ្แាแៃ” แแแ់แข្แแแ្แាแ់ แោแแแ្แ ាแแាំแ – แើแแំแើแ (began in…) – แំแើแแ្แាแแ្แាแ (as I was reviewing…) – แិแแាแแាแ់แขំแแแុแ (I am grateful for…)។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: work, product, minds, middle, seventies, literature, program, inspiration, wisdom, thinkers, sources, roots
- Verbs: is, began, was reviewing, am (grateful)
- Adjectives: synergistic, grateful, trans-generational
- Adverbs/phrases: in the middle seventies, as part of
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Covey links his work to 200 years of “success literature” (from Benjamin Franklin, early self-help, religious and philosophical writings, etc.). He shows respect for intellectual history and reminds us that great frameworks usually grow out of many previous thinkers, not just one author.
KM:
Covey แ្แាแ់แៀแแៅแแแ់แាแ់แៅแឹแแ្แแៃแីแขแ្แแแិแ្แ៍แขំแីแាแแោแแ័แแแៈแេแ แข แแแแ្แแ៍ (แ ាแ់แី Benjamin Franklin แិแแข្แแแិแแ្แแើแแแៀแ។) แាแ់แแ្แ ាแแាแแោแแแ្แแแ្แិแាแ្แ្แแ្แាแ្แា แិแแំแឹแแើแแា แំแិแแ្แขแាแแ ្แើแ แិแแែแแแแីแแុแ្แแ្แាแ់แฏแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแแ្แแាแแ្แែแแ្แាแ់แข្แแแិแแាแ ្แើแแំแាแ់។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN:
There are no true phrasal verbs in this sentence. “Began” and “was reviewing” are simple verb forms, not verb + particle combinations.
KM:
แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แេ។ “began” แិแ “was reviewing” แឺแាแិแិแាแแ្แแแ្แแា แិแแែแแិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (verb + particle) แេ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“I am also grateful for many students, friends, and colleagues at Brigham Young University and the Covey Leadership Center and for thousands of adults, parents, youth, executives, teachers, and other clients who have tested this material and have given feedback and encouragement. The material and arrangement has slowly evolved and has imbued those who have been sincerely and deeply immersed in it with the conviction that the Seven Habits represent a holistic, integrated approach to personal and interpersonal effectiveness, and that, more than in the individual habits themselves, the real key lies in the relationship among them and in how they are sequenced.”
«แ្แុំแ៏แូแแขแแុแแแ់แិแ្แិแ แិแ្แแแ្แិ แិแแិแ្แแួแแាแแាแแាแ ្แើแแៅแាแแแិแ្แាแ័แ Brigham Young แិแ Covey Leadership Center แ ើแแแ់แแុแ្แแេแแ័แ แុแแ៉ែ แ្แេแแំแแ់ แข្แแแ្แแ់แ្แแ แข្แแแแ្แៀแ แិแแขแិแិแแแ្แេแแแាแ់แាแ់แាแ់ แែแแាแแាแแ្แแแាแแេះ แិแแ្แแ់แแិแែแแ្แข แិแแាแแើแแឹแแ ិแ្แ។ แាแแិแแแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแាแแขแិแแ្แแិแ แ្แแแ แិแแាแแแ្แ ូแแៅแ្แុแแ ិแ្แแข្แแ แែแแាแแ្แแ់แាแោแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แិแแ្แៅแាแแេ แោแแแ្แើแแាแแឿแាแ់แា “Seven Habits” แឺแាแិแីแាแ្แ្แแូแแ្แាแแែแแាแแាแแแុแแ្แុแ แិแแแ្แ ូแแ្แា แីแแៀแแแ់แៅแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แិแแแៀแแំแាแ់แំแแแាแួแแข្แแแแៃ។ แាแ់แែแំแាแ់แាแแុแ្แแែ Habit แីแួแแ แឺแោแ្แឹះแិแแ្แាแแ แ្แិแแៅแ្แុแ “แំแាแ់แំแแแแាแ Habit แាំแแោះ” แិแ “แំแាแ់แែแ Habit แាំแแោះแ្แូแแាแแៀแแ ំ”។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses deep gratitude to the people and organizations that helped develop and refine The Seven Habits over time. He explains that the framework evolved through real-world testing, feedback, and years of application. He emphasizes that the true power of the Habits comes not from each habit separately but from the way they connect and build on each other in sequence.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแ៉ាแแ្แាแแ្แៅแ ំแោះแแុแ្แ แិแแ្แាแ័แแែแแាแแួแแขแិแแ្แ แិแแែแแ្แข Seven Habits แាแแแៈแេแแែแ។ แាแ់แแ្แแ់แា แាแแេះแាแแីแแ แ្แើแแាแแាแแាแแ្แแแិแ แាแแ្แแ់แแិ แិแแាแแขแុแแ្แแขแ់แแៈแេแแាแ ្แើแแ្แាំ។ แាแ់แแ្แាแ់แា แขំแាแ แិแแ្แាแแแแแ់ Habit แិแแែแแ្แិแแៅแើ Habit แីแួแแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែ “แើแแៀแแែแ Habit แាំแแោះแ្แាแ់แ្แា” แិแ “แំแាแ់ Habit แ្แូแแាแแៀแแ ំ”។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
The deeper message is that The Seven Habits is not an isolated theory created by one person. It is a living framework shaped by thousands of real people over decades. Covey also teaches that personal change is a system—not random tips. Effectiveness emerges when the habits are practiced together, in the correct sequence.
KM:
แขแ្แแ័แแ្แៅแឺ Seven Habits แិแแែแแាแ្แឹแ្แីแែแ Covey แแ្แើแแกើแแ្แាแ់แฏแแกើแ។ แាแឺแាแแ្แแិแីแแ់ แែแแាแแแ្แើแแกើแแោแแแុแ្แแាแ់แាแ់ แិแแាแแែแแ្แขแោแแแแិแោแแ៍แាแ ្แើแแแแแ្แแ៍។ Covey แ៏แแ្แ ាแแា “แាแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ” แឺแាแ្แแ័แ្แ — แិแแែแแแ្แឹះแ ៃแแ្แ។ แ្แแិแ្แแាแแើแแกើแแេแ Habit แាំแแขแ់ “แ្แើแាแแាแួแแ្แា” แាแ “แំแាแ់แ្แឹแแ្แូแ”។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- I am also grateful for many students, friends, and colleagues… – expressing gratitude.
- who have tested this material and have given feedback… – explains their contribution.
- The material and arrangement has slowly evolved… – it developed over time.
- has imbued those… with the conviction that… – gave people strong belief.
- Seven Habits represent a holistic, integrated approach… – emphasizing the full system.
- the real key lies in the relationship among them… – power comes from connection.
- and in how they are sequenced. – order matters.
KM: แំแែแแ្แแោแ៖ – แាแแขแแុแ – แข្แแแាแแ្แแ แិแแ្แแ់แแិ – แាแแាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់แាแแขแិแแ្แ – แแ្แើแแំแឿแ្แុแแข្แแแขแុแแ្แ – Seven Habits = แ្แแ័แ្แแแុแแ្แុแ – แោแ្แឹះ = แំแាแ់แំแแแแាแ Habit – แិแแំแាแ់ Habit
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- grateful – แូแแขแแុแ / แាแแแแិแាแแ្แแ់
- tested this material – แាแแ្แแแាแแេះ
- feedback – แแិแែแแ្แข
- encouragement – แាแแើแแឹแแ ិแ្แ
- evolved – แขแិแแ្แแិแ แ្แแแ
- imbued – แแ្แ ូแ / แ្แแแ
- holistic – แแុแแ្แុแ
- integrated – แแ្แ ូแแ្แា / แ្แើแ្แា
- sequence – แំแាแ់
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
This paragraph uses: – Present perfect (“have tested”, “have given”) for actions continuing to present. – Present perfect continuous sense (“has slowly evolved”) for long development. – Embedded relative clauses (“who have tested…”) to specify people. – Abstract nouns to describe concepts (conviction, approach, effectiveness).
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแ្แើ៖ – Present perfect แแ្แាแ់แแแ្แแាแแែแแើแแกើแแแแแ់แแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ – slowly evolved แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแិแแ្แแូแแขแ្แែแ – who have tested… = relative clause – แាแ្แแขแូแី (conviction, effectiveness) แแ្แាแ់แំแិแแ្แុแแ្แៅ
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
I am grateful for [group] who have [action].
The material has [evolution].
It has imbued [people] with [belief],
that [concept] and that [key insight].
KM: แំแាំแ្แแោแ៖ แាแแขแแុแ → แាแแขแិแแ្แแាแ → แាแแแ្แើแแំแឿ → แាแแขแិแ្แាแแแ្แឹះ
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: students, colleagues, feedback, material, arrangement, conviction, approach, relationship, sequence
- Verbs: am, have tested, have given, has evolved, has imbued, represent
- Adjectives: grateful, holistic, integrated
- Adverbs: slowly, deeply, sincerely
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This reflects Covey’s principle of synergy and the belief that great ideas emerge from collaboration, teaching, and refinement over time. The Seven Habits framework has roots in education, business leadership, family systems, and character development—making it cross-cultural and trans-generational.
KM:
แេះแแ្แ ាแแីแោแแាแแ៍ Synergy แแแ់ Covey แោแแឿแា แំแិแแ្แขแើแแกើแแីแាแแ ែแแំแែแ แាแแាแแ្แแ แិแแាแแែแแ្แขแាแ់แ្แាំ។ Seven Habits แាแแ្แแแแៅแ្แុแแាแแขแ់แំ แាแแឹแแាំแขាแីแแแ្แ แ្แួแាแ แិแแាแแขแិแแ្แแុแ แិแ แូแ ្แេះแាแ្แាแแាแាแแแ្แៀแแ្แแแแ្แแแ៌ แិแแំแាแ់แាแ ្แើแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this paragraph.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“For the development and production of the book itself I feel a deep sense of gratitude:”
«แแ្แាแ់แំแើแแាแแขแិแแ្แ แិแแแិแแៀแแៅแេះ แ្แុំแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แាแាแแขំแแแុแแ្แាแแ្แៅแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
For the development and production of the book itself I feel a deep sense of gratitude.
KM:
แ ំแោះแំแើแแាแแขแិแแ្แ แិแแាแแแិแแៀแแៅแ្แួแแាแฏแแេះ แ្แុំแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แាแាแแขំแแแុแแ្แាแแ្แៅแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
Covey is about to thank the many people involved in turning the ideas of the book into a real, physical product. He recognizes that the book did not come into existence by his effort alone, but through a long process of development and production supported by others.
KM:
Covey แំแុแแើแแ្แូแแើแ្แីแขแแុแแแ់แแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแ แែแแាแแួแแ ំแែแแ្แើแฒ្แแំแិแแ្แុแแៀแแៅ แ្แាแแាแៀแแៅแិแแ។ แាแ់แแួแแ្แាแ់แា แៀแแៅแេះแិแแែแแើแแกើแแោแแិแ ្แ แិแแំแแแ់แាแ់แ្แាแ់แฏแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแំแើแแាแแขแិแแ្แ แិแแแិแแែแแូแ แែแแាแแข្แแแแៃแួแแាំแ្แ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- For the development and production of the book itself – referring to the whole process of creating the book (content + printing + publishing).
- I feel – expresses personal emotion.
- a deep sense of gratitude – strong, sincere thankfulness.
KM: – «For the development and production of the book itself» = แแ្แាแ់แំแើแแាแแขแិแแ្แ แិแแแិแแៀแแៅ – «I feel» = แ្แុំแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แា – «a deep sense of gratitude» = แขំแแแុแแ្แាแแ្แៅ แិแแ្แោះแ្แแ់
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- development – แាแแขแិแแ្แ / แាแแขแិแแ្แแ៍
- production – แាแแแិแ
- the book itself – แៀแแៅแ្แួแแាแฏแ
- a deep sense of gratitude – แขាแแ្แแ៍แขំแแแុแแ្แាแแ្แៅ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The phrase “For the development and production…” works like a prepositional opener, explaining the context of his feeling. – “I feel a deep sense of gratitude” is a simple present tense sentence about emotion.
KM:
– «For the development and production…» แាแាแ្แแាំ (prepositional phrase) แแ្แแ់แขំแីแូแแ េแុแៃแាแแขแแុแ។ – «I feel a deep sense of gratitude» แ្แើ Present Simple แแ្แាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍แแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
Pattern:
For [reason / context], I feel [emotion].
KM: แំแាំ៖ «For + แូแแ េแុ / แแិแแ + I feel + แขាแแ្แแ៍» แขាแ แแแៅแ្แើแแ្แាแ់แแแេแแขแ័แแขំแแแុแ แฌแំแแ់แ េแុแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: development, production, book, sense, gratitude
- Verb: feel
- Adjectives: deep (describes “sense”)
- Preposition: for (introduces reason/context)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
In many Western and global professional cultures, authors acknowledge that a book is a team effort. Covey’s gratitude here reflects humility and recognition of editors, designers, publishers, and others who turn ideas into a finished book.
KM:
แៅแ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แขแ្แแแាแ្แ្แแិแแแោแ แข្แแแិแแ្แแាแ ្แើแแแួแแ្แាแ់แា แៀแแៅแួแแឺแាแាแแាแแួแ แแាแแแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแ។ แាแแขแแុแแแแ់ Covey แៅแីแេះ แแ្แ ាแแីแាแแแ់แ្แแ់ แិแแ្แីแោแแแ ំแោះแ្แុแแែแแ្แួแ แข្แแแแ แាแแ្แូ แข្แแแោះแុแ្แ แិแแข្แแแแៃ แែแแាแแួแแំแែแแំแិแแแแ់แាแ់แៅแាแៀแแៅแេแแេแแួแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
There are no phrasal verbs in this sentence.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to Sandra and to each of our children and their spouses for living lives of integrity and service and for supporting my many travels and involvements outside the home. It’s easy to teach principles loved ones live.”
«—แแ់แាแแ្แា (Sandra) แិแแូแแแៀแแแ្แួแแแแ់แើแ แិแแូแ្แាแីแแិแាแแแ់แួแแេ แែแแាแแแ់แៅแោแแុแ แិแแាแ แិแแាแแแ្แើ แ ើแแាแแាំแ្แแាแแ្แើแំแើแ แិแแាแแ ូแแួแแាแแាแแ ្แើแแ្แៅแ្แះแแแ់แ្แុំ។ แាแាแแ្แួแแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแแ្แៀแแោแแាแแ៍ แแ់แข្แแแាแីแ្แแกាแ់ แែแแแ់แៅแាแแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแោះ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey thanks his wife Sandra, his children, and their spouses for living with integrity and service and for supporting his extensive travels and work outside the home. He adds that it is easy to teach principles when the people closest to you also live those principles.
KM:
Covey แขแแុแแแ់แ្แแแ្แแแแ់แាแ់ Sandra แូแแแាំแแขแ់ แិแแូแ្แាแីแแិแាแแแ់แួแแេ แែแแแ់แោแแុแ แិแแាแ แិแแាแแแ្แើ แ ើแแាแแាំแ្แแាแแ្แើแំแើแ แិแแាแแាแแ ្แើแแ្แៅแ្แះแแแ់แាแ់។ แាแ់แแ្แែแแា แាแแแ្แៀแแោแแាแแ៍แឺแាแแ្แួแแាแ់ แៅแេแแข្แแแាแីแ្แแกាแ់ แ៏แแ់แៅแាแแោแแាแแ៍แាំแแោះแែแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
Covey’s gratitude here reveals a deep truth: A person’s work and influence are strengthened when their family lives the same principles. He acknowledges that his mission was possible only because his loved ones lived integrity and supported his demanding lifestyle of teaching, traveling, and leading.
KM:
แាแแขแแុแแแแ់ Covey แៅแីแេះแแ្แ ាแแាแแំแាแ់แួแ៖ แាแแាแ แិแแฅแ្แិแแแแแ់แแុแ្แแ្แាแ់ แាแ់แែแាแแแ្แាំแ แេแแ្แួแាแแแแ់แាแ់แแ់แាแแោแแាแแ៍แូแ แ្แា។ แាแ់แแួแแ្แាแ់แា แាแแំแេแแេแแแแ្แแแแ់แាแ់ แขាแ แើแแាแแាแ แ្แោះแข្แแแាแីแ្แแกាแ់แแ់แោแแុแ แិแแាแ แ ើแแាំแ្แแ្แแ្แឹแ្แិแាแแ្แៅแ្แះแាแ ្แើแแแแ់แាแ់។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to Sandra and to each of our children and their spouses – Listing all family members he thanks.
- for living lives of integrity and service – praising their character and lifestyle.
- and for supporting my many travels and involvements outside the home – acknowledging their sacrifices.
- It’s easy to teach principles loved ones live. – If your family lives the principles, teaching becomes natural.
KM: – แแ់ Sandra แិแแូแแ แិแแូแ្แាแីแแិแា – แ្แោះแแ់แោแแុแ แិแแាแ แិแแแ្แើ – แ្แោះแាំแ្แแាแแ្แើแំแើแ แិแแាแแាแแ្แៅแ្แះ – แាแแแ្แៀแแោแแាแแ៍แាแแ្แួแ แេแแข្แแแាแីแ្แแกាแ់แแ់แាแแា
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- integrity – แុแ แិแแាแ / แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់
- service – แាแแแ្แើ / แាแแួแแขោแแข្แแแแៃ
- involvements – แាแแ ូแแួแ / แិแ ្แ แាแแ្แេแแ
- loved ones – แข្แแแាแីแ្แแกាแ់
- spouses – แូแ្แាแីแแិแា
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– This sentence begins with an em-dash (—) because it continues the list of acknowledgements started in the previous sentence. – “lives of integrity and service” is a descriptive noun phrase. – “It’s easy to teach principles loved ones live” uses a reduced relative clause: → “principles that loved ones live.”
KM:
– แ្แแោแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแแแ្แា dash (—) แើแ្แីแแ្แាแ់แแ្แីแขแแុแแីแ្แแោแแុแ។ – «lives of integrity and service» = แแ្แឹះแៃแាแแិแแ៌แាแីแិแ – «principles loved ones live» = «principles that loved ones live» (relative clause แ្แូแแាแแាแ់แฒ្แแ្แី)
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to [people] for [virtues] and for [support].
It’s easy to teach principles [loved ones live].
KM: แំแាំแ្แแោแ៖ —แแ់ [แแុแ្แ] แ្แោះ [แាแแ្แข] แិแแ្แោះ [แាแแាំแ្แ] แ ើแ «It’s easy to teach…» แแ្แ ាแแាแแាแ់แាแ់แីแแ្แាំแแ្แួแាแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: children, spouses, integrity, service, travels, involvements, principles, loved ones
- Verbs: living, supporting, live
- Adjectives: many (modifies travels), easy
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This reflects the cultural value of family support in leadership and personal mission. Covey’s work required extensive travel and public teaching; such a life can only be sustained through strong family alignment with the same values.
KM:
แាแแ្แ ាแแីแแ្แៃแแ្แแแ៌แៃ «แ្แួแាแแាំแ្แ» แ្แុแแីแិแแាแแឹแแាំ แិแแេแแแแ្แแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ។ แាแแាแแแแ់ Covey แាแแាแแាแแ្แើแំแើแแ ្แើแ แិแแាแแแ្แៀแแាแាแាแแៈ។ แข្แแแขាแ แ្แើแាแ แែแាแแាแ្แួแាแแแแ់แข្แแแាแแแ្แៃ แិแแោแแាแแ៍แូแ แ្แា។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this sentence.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to my brother John for his constant love, interest, insights and purity of soul.”
«—แแ់แ្แขូแแ្แុแแแแ់แ្แុំ John แแ្แាแ់แេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់แែแแែแាแ แាแแ ាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍ แាแแแ់แឹแแ្แាแแ្แៅ แិแแាแแแិแុแ្แแៃแ្แแឹแแแแ់แាแ់។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses gratitude to his brother John, appreciating his steady love, interest, deep insights, and purity of character.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแ ំแោះแ្แขូแแ្แុแ John แោแแแแើแแី แេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់แែแแាแแាแិแ ្แ แាแแ ាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍ แាแแแ់แឹแแ្แាแแ្แៅ แិแแាแแแិแុแ្แแៃแขំแើแ ិแ្แ แិแแិแ្แ័แแแแ់แាแ់។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
The sentence reveals that Covey’s work is supported not only by professional colleagues but also by the strong, uplifting love of family. John’s “purity of soul” suggests a rare kind of moral clarity and goodness that Covey deeply admires and draws strength from.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แ ាแแា Covey แិแแ្แូแแាแแាំแ្แแេแ្แឹแแែแข្แแแួแแាแแាแ แ៉ុแ្แែแោแแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់ แិแแแ្แាំแแិแ្แแាแแីแ្แួแាแแแแែแ។ แាแ្แ «purity of soul» แแ្แแ់แា John แាแแขแិแแแ៌ แេแ แ្แីแ្แข แិแแាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แែแ Covey แោแแ แិแแុแแ ិแ្แแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to my brother John – continuation of a gratitude list.
- for his constant love – ongoing emotional support.
- interest – genuine care and involvement.
- insights – meaningful ideas or understanding.
- and purity of soul – moral goodness and sincerity.
KM: – แแ់แ្แขូแแ្แុแ John – แ្แោះแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់แាแិแ ្แ – แាแแ ាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍ – แាแแแ់แឹแแ្แាแแ្แៅ – แិแแាแแแិแុแ្แแៃแ្แแឹแ
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- constant – แាแិแ ្แ / แិแแ្แាแ់แ្แូแ
- insights – แាแแแ់แឹแแ្แាแแ្แៅ
- purity of soul – แាแแแិแុแ្แแៃแ្แแឹแ / แិแ្แ័แแ្แข
- interest – แាแแ ាแ់แขាแแ្แแ៍ / แាแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The sentence continues a gratitude list, hence begins with an em-dash (—). – The structure “for his [qualities]” introduces reasons for gratitude. – Four nouns are linked in a series: love + interest + insights + purity.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ แូแ ្แេះแ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแแแ្แា dash (—)។ – แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แ «for his…» แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แៀแแាแ់แ េแុแแแៃแាแแขแแុแ។ – แាแแាแ แค แแแួแแាแ ំแแแើแแែแួแ៖ love + interest + insights + purity
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to [person] for his/her [qualities, virtues].
KM: แំแាំแាแ្แ្แแแ្แេแ៖ —แแ់ [แแុแ្แ] แ្แោះ [แុแแแ៌/แាแแ្แข]។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: brother, love, interest, insights, purity, soul
- Verb: (implied gratitude, but verb not directly used due to dash structure)
- Adjectives: constant
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Family support, especially from siblings, is often unspoken yet essential. Covey highlights the moral and emotional strength he received from John, suggesting that foundational character is often shaped within family relationships.
KM:
แាแแាំแ្แแីแแแ្แขូแแ្แុแแ្แួแាแ แាแឿแแแិแแូแแិแាแ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแแ្แៃแ្แាំแ។ Covey แើแแกើแแីแแ្แាំแแ្แូแแ ិแ្แ แិแแីแแแ៌แាแแី John แែแแួแแแ្แើแแแ្แแៈ แិแแាแแแ់แ្แាំแแแแ់แាแ់។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this sentence.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to the happy memory of my father.”
«—แแ់แขแុแ្แាแแីแ៍แ៏แแ្แាแแីแแាแแីแชแុแแแแ់แ្แុំ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey dedicates part of his gratitude to the cherished and joyful memory of his father. It shows deep appreciation, love, and honor toward the influence his father had on his life.
KM:
Covey แงแ្แិแแ ំแែแแៃแាแแขแแុแแแแ់แាแ់ แแ់แขแុแ្แាแแីแ៍แ៏แាแแแ្แៃ แិแแេแแោแแេแ แ្แីแីแแាแแីแชแុแแแแ់แាแ់។ แាแแ្แ ាแแីแាแแោแแ แេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់ แិแแฅแ្แិแแแំแំแុแแែแแชแុแแាแแើแីแិแแាแ់។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
The phrase suggests that Covey’s father was a positive and uplifting influence. Using “happy memory” implies warmth, gratitude, and emotional closeness. This also shows that the values Covey teaches may have been shaped partly by his father.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แ ាแแា แชแុแแแแ់ Covey แាแแฅแ្แិแแแ្แข แិแแ្แแ់แแ្แាំแแិแ្แแាแ។ แាแ្แ «happy memory» แแ្แាแ់แីแាแแ ាំแាแ ់แ៏แแ់แ្แៅ แ៉ាแแแ្แាแแ ិแ្แ แិแแាแแោแแแើแชแុแแแแ់แាแ់។ แាแ្แแាแแា แ្แឹแแាแแៃแขំแើแ្แแិแ្แแាแแែแ Covey แិแ្แា แិแแแ្แៀแ แ្แแ ែแแแแីแฅแ្แិแแแชแុแแแแែแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to – continuation of a gratitude list.
- the happy memory – a joyful, cherished remembrance.
- of my father – identifies the person being remembered.
KM breakdown: – แแ់ (to): แแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ – แขแុแ្แាแแីแ៍แ៏แแ្แាแแីแแាแ (happy memory) – แៃแชแុแแแแ់แ្แុំ (of my father)
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- memory – แขแុแ្แាแแីแ៍ / แាแแ แแ ាំ
- happy memory – แขแុแ្แាแแីแ៍แ៏แីแแាแ
- father – แชแុแ
- gratitude – แាแแขแแុแ (meaning implied)
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– Begins with an em-dash (—) indicating continuation of acknowledgements. – Uses a noun phrase “the happy memory of my father.” – Implies gratitude without using an explicit verb.
KM:
– แ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ dash (—) แើแ្แីแแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ។ – แ្แើแ្แแោแแែแ noun phrase «the happy memory of my father»។ – แិแแ្แើแិแិแាแแ្แแោแแ្แាแ់ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแแ័แแាแขแแុแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to the [adjective] memory of my [family member].
KM: แំแាំแแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แ៖ —แแ់แขแុแ្แាแแីแ៍ [แាแ្แแិแแ៌แា] แៃ [แแាแិแแ្แួแាแ]។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Adjective: happy
- Nouns: memory, father
- Prepositions: to, of
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Honoring the memory of one’s father is a value present in many cultures. Covey’s acknowledgment reflects gratitude for moral grounding, identity, and character formation rooted in family legacy.
KM:
แាแแោแแ แិแแขแុแ្แាแแីแ៍แชแុแแាแแ្แៃแំแាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แាแ ្แើแ។ Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแ ំแោះแូแแ្แាแแីแแแ៌ แขแ្แแแ្แាแ แិแแាแแแ្แើแแแ្แแៈแែแแាแ់แแួแแាแแីแชแុแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this short sentence.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to my mother for her devotion to her more than 87 living descendants and for her constant demonstrations of love.”
«—แแ់แ្แាแแแแ់แ្แុំ แแ្แាแ់แាแแขแ់แំแាแ แិแแាแแ្แេแ្แាแ៏แ្แាแแ្แៅแแแ់แាแ แ ំแោះแូแแ ៅแแ់แើแแី แจแง แាแ់ แិแแแ្แាแ់แាแแแ្แ ាแแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់แាแិแ ្แ ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses gratitude to his mother for her deep devotion to more than eighty-seven living descendants and for the way she consistently shows love to them.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแ ំแោះแ្แាแแแแ់แាแ់ แ ំแោះแាแแ្แេแ្แា แិแแាแแែแแ្แាแ៏แ្แាแแ្แៅแแแ់แាแ แ ំแោះแូแแ ៅแแ់แើแแីแจแงแាแ់ แិแแ ំแោះแាแแแ្แ ាแแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់แាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់แ ំแោះแួแแេ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
This line highlights the enormous family influence of his mother. “More than 87 living descendants” suggests a large, extended family to whom she has given time, energy, and emotional care. Her “constant demonstrations of love” show that her impact is not just biological but relational and spiritual.
KM:
แแ្แាแ់แេះแแ្แ ាแแីแฅแ្แិแแแ៏แំแแแ់แ្แាแแ្แុแแ្แួแាแ។ แាแแแ្แាแ់แា «แូแแ ៅแแ់แើแแី แจแง แាแ់» แแ្แ ាแแា แាแ់แាแแ្แួแាแแំ แិแแแៃแូแแ ្แើแ แែแแ្แាแแាแแ ំแាแแេแ แแ្แាំแ แិแแ ិแ្แแែแแ្แា។ แាแ្แ «constant demonstrations of love» แแ្แ ាแแា แិแแែแแ្แាแ់แែแ្แេแ ាแាแแ្แុแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแាแាแแแ្แ ាแแោแแขំแើแិแแៀแแាแ់แ្แៃแแแែแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to my mother – continues the list of people he thanks, now focusing on his mother.
- for her devotion to her more than 87 living descendants – reason 1: her faithful care and commitment to a large family.
- and for her constant demonstrations of love – reason 2: her ongoing, visible acts of love.
KM breakdown: – «to my mother»៖ แแ់แ្แាแแแแ់แ្แុំ (แแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ) – «for her devotion…»៖ แแ្แាแ់แាแแ្แេแ្แា แិแแាแแขแ់แំแាแแែแแ្แា – «constant demonstrations of love»៖ แាแแแ្แ ាแแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់แាแិแ ្แ แាแแขំแើแាแ់แ្แែแ
4. Vocabulary Building (Word Structure & Meaning) แាแ្แแแ្แ
- devotion – deep commitment and care. → แាแแ្แេแ្แា / แាแแขแ់แំแាแแោแแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់
- descendants – children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, etc. → แូแแ ៅ / แ ៅแ ុแ
- living descendants – descendants who are still alive. → แូแแ ៅแแ់แៅ
- constant – happening all the time, without stopping. → แាแិแ ្แ / แាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់
- demonstrations of love – visible actions that show love. → แាแแแ្แ ាแแេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់แាแแขំแើ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– This is a prepositional phrase beginning with “to,” continuing an acknowledgments list. – Two parallel “for…” phrases explain the reasons for his gratitude. – “more than 87 living descendants” compresses a lot of information into a concise noun phrase.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแេះแ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ “to” แើแ្แីแแ្แแំแុំแแ្แីแขแแុแ។ – แាแแ្แា “for … and for …” แីแ แើแ្แីแแ្แแ់แូแแ េแុแៃแាแแขแแុแ។ – «more than 87 living descendants» แា noun phrase แែแแ្แแូแแ័แ៌แាแแ ្แើแแ្แុแแ្แាแូแ แួแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
Pattern:
—to my [family member] for [devotion phrase] and for [second reason].
KM: แข្แแแขាแ แแแំแាំแេះแ្แើแែแ៖ —to my team for their hard work and for their constant support. แฌแាแាแាแ្แែแ៖ «—แแ់แ្แុแแាแแាแแแแ់แ្แុំ แแ្แាแ់แាแแិแแំแ្แើแាแ แិแแាแแាំแ្แแាแិแ ្แ ។»
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- to, for – prepositions
- mother, descendants, demonstrations, love – nouns
- more than, constant – adjective phrase / adjective
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Honoring one’s mother is central in many traditions. By mentioning her devotion to a very large family, Covey highlights the quiet leadership and service often lived out in the home. It reflects the same principles of love, service, and stewardship that he teaches in his work.
KM:
แាแแោแแแ្แាแ แឺแាแแ្แៃแំแាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แាแ ្แើแ แួแแាំแแแ្แแแ៌แ្แែแ។ Covey แើแแกើแแីแាแแ្แេแ្แាแแแ់แ្แាแแ ំแោះแូแแ ៅแាแ ្แើแ แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแា «แាแแឹแแាំ แិแแាแแแ្แើแ្แแ់» แិแแ្แឹแแែแៅแแ្แិแแขแ្แแាแ แ៉ុแ្แែแ ាแ់แ្แើแแីแ្แុแแ្แួแាแ។ แាแ្แแแៅแឹแแោแแាแแ៍แេแ แ្แីแ្แแกាแ់ แិแแាแแแ្แើแែแแាแ់แแ្แៀแแាแៀแแាแ់แแแែแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN:
There are no phrasal verbs in this sentence; it is a prepositional phrase of dedication.
KM:
แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แេ។ แាแាแ្แแោแแែแแ្แាแ្แแ់แงแ្แិแแขแแុแแ៉ុแ្แោះ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to my dear friends and colleagues in the business, especially:”
«—แแ់แិแ្แแแ្แិ แិแแិแ្แแួแแាแแាแแ៏แាแីแ្แแាแ់แแแ់แ្แុំ แ្แុแแិแ័แแขាแីแแแ្แ แាแិแេแ៖»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses gratitude to his close friends and colleagues in the business world, indicating that the upcoming list will highlight specific individuals who played a special role.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแ ំแោះแិแ្แแแ្แិ แិแแិแ្แแួแแាแแាแแែแแាแ់แ្แแាแ់ แៅแ្แុแแិแ័แแขាแីแแแ្แ แ ើแแ្แើแាแแ្แាแា แឹแแាแแแ្แីแข្แแแិแេแแแ្แแៅแាแแ្แោแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
This sentence prepares the reader for a list of individuals who provided significant support or influence in Covey’s professional journey. The word “dear” suggests close personal relationships, not just formal partnerships. “Especially:” signals that what follows contains notable contributors.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแៀแแ ំแข្แแแขាแแฒ្แแឹแแា แឹแแាแแแ្แីแแុแ្แแំแាแ់แแแ្แแើแแกើแ แែแแាแแាំแ្แ Covey แฌแាแแฅแ្แិแแแ្แាំแแើแ្แើแាแ។ แាแ្แ «dear» แแ្แ ាแแីแំแាแ់แំแแแិแแ្แិแ្แ แិแแែแแែแាแแាแแ្แូแแាแแេ។ «especially:» แแ្แ ាแแា แឹแแាแแแ្แីแข្แแแិแេแแแ្แแៅแាแแ្แោแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to my dear friends and colleagues – continuation of gratitude list.
- in the business – refers to people he works with professionally.
- especially: – prepares readers for a list of notable individuals.
KM breakdown: – แแ់แិแ្แแแ្แិ แិแแិแ្แแួแแាแแាแแែแแាแ់แ្แแាแ់ – แៅแ្แុแแិแ័แแขាแីแแแ្แ – «especially:»៖ แแ្แាแแ្แ ាแแា แឹแแាแแแ្แីแិแេแแៅแាแแ្แោแ
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- dear – beloved, valued → แាแីแ្แแាแ់ / แាแីแួแแขោแแขแ
- colleagues – coworkers → แិแ្แแួแแាแแាแ
- in the business – in the industry or workplace → แៅแ្แុแแិแ័แแขាแីแแ្แ
- especially – mainly, particularly → แាแិแេแ / แាแ แ្แแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– Begins with an em-dash, continuing the acknowledgments list. – “dear friends and colleagues” = compound noun phrase. – Ending with “especially:” indicates that a detailed list will follow.
KM:
– แ្แើ dash (—) แើแ្แីแแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ។ – «dear friends and colleagues» แឺแា noun phrase แួแแីแแ្แែแ។ – แ แ់แោแ «especially:» แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแឹแแាแแแ្แីแข្แแแិแេแแแ្แ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to my dear friends and colleagues in the [industry], especially:
KM: แំแแ់แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แ៖ —แแ់ [แិแ្แ/แិแ្แแួแแាแแាแ] แែแแ្แុំแ្แแាแ់ แៅแ្แុแ [แិแ័แ], แាแិแេแ៖
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- to – preposition
- dear – adjective
- friends, colleagues, business – nouns
- especially – adverb
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Acknowledging colleagues is an important part of Western leadership culture. Covey emphasizes that successful work is rarely individual—it's supported by trusted friends, partners, and collaborators. The upcoming list reflects the collaborative nature of his life's work.
KM:
แាแแขแแុแแแ់แិแ្แแួแแាแแាแแឺแាแแ្แៃแំแាแ់แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แាแแឹแแាំแាแแិแ ។ Covey แแ្แแ់แ្แแ់แា แាแแាแแขាแ แោแแ័แแិแแែแแោแแแុแ្แแែแกแាแ់แេ แ៉ុแ្แែแោแแាแแ ូแแួแแាំแ្แแីแិแ្แแแ្แិ แិแแៃแូแឿแុแแ ិแ្แ។ แแ្แីแែแแឹแแแ្แแឹแแแ្แ ាแแីแแ្แแៈแួแแ្แាแៃแាแแាแแแៈแេแแីแិแแแแ់แាแ់។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this line.
KM: แិแแាแ phrasal verb แេแ แกើแแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to Bill Marre, Ron McMillan, and Lex Watterson for feedback, encouragement, editorial suggestions, and production help.”
«—แแ់แោแ Bill Marre แោแ Ron McMillan แិแแោแ Lex Watterson แแ្แាแ់แแិแោแแ់แ្แแกแ់แแ แាแแើแแឹแแ ិแ្แ แាแแែแាំแែแแ្แួแ แិแแាแแួแแ្แុแแាแแแិแแៀแแៅ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey thanks three specific people—Bill Marre, Ron McMillan, and Lex Watterson— for their feedback, encouragement, editorial suggestions, and help with producing the book.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแแ់แแុแ្แแីแូแแឺ Bill Marre, Ron McMillan แិแ Lex Watterson แแ្แាแ់แแិแោแแ់แ្แแกแ់แแ แាแแើแแឹแแ ិแ្แ แាแแ្แแ់แោแแ់แ្แុแแាแแែแแ្แួแ แិแแំแួแแ្แុแแាแแแិแแៀแแៅแេះ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
This line shows that Covey did not work alone. The quality of the book depended on honest feedback, emotional support, careful editing, and practical help from trusted collaborators. It suggests a humble attitude: he recognizes the behind-the-scenes work of others.
KM:
แแ្แាแ់แេះแแ្แ ាแแា Covey แិแแាแแ្แើแាแแាแแែแ្แាแ់แฏแแេ។ แុแแាแแៀแแៅแขាแ្แ័แแើแแិแោแแ់แ្แแกแ់แแ แាแแើแแឹแแ ិแ្แ แាแแែแแ្แួแแ៉ាแแ្แុแแ្แแ័แ្แ แិแแាแแួแแแិแแីแៃแូแឿแុแแ ិแ្แ។ แាแแ្แ ាแแីแ្แាแแាแแ៍แៃแាแแแ់แ្แแ់ (humility) แាแ់แแួแแ្แាแ់แាแแាแแ្แោแแាแแแแ់แข្แแแแៃแแแែแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to Bill Marre, Ron McMillan, and Lex Watterson – continues the list of people he thanks, naming three individuals.
- for feedback, encouragement, editorial suggestions, and production help – lists four kinds of contribution they made to the book.
KM breakdown៖ – «to Bill Marre, Ron McMillan, and Lex Watterson» ៖ แแ្แแแ្แីแแុแ្แแែแแាแ់แขแแុแ แោแแេแ្แាแ់แ្แោះแាแ់แាแ់។ – «for feedback, encouragement, editorial suggestions, and production help» ៖ แាแแแ្แីแ្แแេแแแុแ្แแួแ (แแិแោแแ់แ្แแกแ់แแ แាแแើแแឹแแ ិแ្แ แាแแ្แแ់แោแแ់แែแแ្แួแ แិแแំแួแแแិแ)។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- feedback – comments or reactions used to improve something → แแិแោแแ់แ្แแกแ់แแ / แាแแ្แួแแិแិแ្แแ្แแ់แแិ
- encouragement – support that gives someone confidence → แាแแើแแឹแแ ិแ្แ
- editorial suggestions – ideas on how to improve writing, structure, or wording → แោแแ់แែแแ្แួแแขแ្แแแ
- production help – assistance with the technical or practical side of making the book → แំแួแแ្แុแแាแแแិแ / แ្แើแฒ្แแៀแแៅแ េแแិแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The sentence continues the pattern of acknowledgments, starting with an em-dash (—to …).
– “for feedback, encouragement, editorial suggestions, and production help” is a prepositional phrase
listing four nouns in parallel form.
– This is not a full independent sentence; it is a fragment used stylistically in an acknowledgments list.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แแំแแ់แขแแុแ แូแ
แុแ แោแแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ dash «—to …»។
– «for feedback, encouragement, editorial suggestions, and production help» แឺแាแ្แាแ្แាแ់แោแ «for»
แ ើแแាแแាแ แค แៀแแាแួแ។
– แាแិแแែแแាแ្แแោแแេแแេแแេ แែแាแ្แแោแแែแ (fragment) แែแแ្แើแាแแៀแแแแេแแិแេแแ្แុแแ្แែแ acknowledgments។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
Pattern:
—to [Name 1], [Name 2], and [Name 3] for [noun 1], [noun 2], [noun 3], and [noun 4].
KM៖ แข្แแแขាแ
แ្แើแំแាំแូแ
្แេះแแ្แាแ់ acknowledgments แ្แាแ់แ្แួแ៖
—to Panha and Saothearith for on-site support, clear communication, and daily problem-solving.
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- to – preposition (shows direction of gratitude “to” someone)
- Bill Marre, Ron McMillan, Lex Watterson – proper nouns (names)
- feedback, encouragement, suggestions, help – nouns
- editorial, production – adjectives modifying nouns (“editorial suggestions”, “production help”)
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌แាแ
EN:
In publishing, many professionals help shape a book: editors, reviewers, and production teams. Publicly thanking them is part of professional humility and recognizes that a “classic” like The 7 Habits was a team effort, not only one man’s work.
KM:
แ្แុแแិแ័แแោះแុแ្แแ្แាแ แាแแแុแ្แแាแ ្แើแแួแแแ្แើแแៀแแៅ៖ แข្แแแែแแ្แួแ แข្แแแ្แแ់แแិแោแแ់ แិแแ្แុแแแិแ។ แាแแแ្แ ាแแขแแុแแាแាแាแแៈ แឺแាแ្แែแแួแแៃแាแแขួแแិแ (humility) แិแแแ្แាแ់แា แៀแแៅแំแแូแ แា The 7 Habits แឺแាแแ្แแแแ្แុแ แិแแែแแแแ់แុแ្แแแែแ្แាแ់แេ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់ (Phrasal Verbs)
EN:
There are no phrasal verbs in this sentence. The structure is mostly noun phrases linked by “for”.
KM:
แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แេ។ แ្แแោแแ្แូแแាแแแ្แើแแกើแแីแាแ แែแแ្แាแ់แ្แាแាแแ្แោแแាแ្แ «for» แ៉ុแ្แោះ។
10. Back to top แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to Brad Anderson, who at great personal sacrifice for over a year, developed a Seven Habits video-based development program. Under his leadership this material has been tested and refined and is being implemented by thousands of people across a broad range of organizations. Almost without exception, after initial exposure to this material, our clients desire to make it available to greater numbers of employees, underscoring our confidence that it ‘works.’”
«—แแ់แោแ Brad Anderson แែแแាแแงแ្แិแแ្แួแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแแขแ់แแៈแេแแាแแួแแ្แាំ แើแ្แីแขแិแแ្แ แแ្แแិแីแแ្แុះแแ្แាแแាแแីแេแขូแแ្แាแ់ Seven Habits។ แ្แោแแាแแឹแแាំแแแ់แាแ់ แฏแแាแแាំแแេះแ្แូแแាแแាแแ្แแ แែแ្แែ แិแแំแុแแฒ្แแ្แើแ្แាแ់แោแแแុแ្แแាแ់แាแ់แាแ់แៅแ្แុแแขแ្แแាแแាแ ្แើแ។ แិแแែแិแแាแแแแីแើแแែแแกើแ แแ្แាแ់แីแាแแ្แាแ់แាแាแើแแំแូแ แขแិแិแแแแแ់แើแแ แ់แฒ្แแាแขាแ แ្แើแ្แាแ់แ ្แើแแៀแ แแ្แាแ់แុแ្แแិแแแ្แែแ แែแแแ្แាแ់แា แា “แាแแ្แแិแ្แแាแ” แិแแ្แាแแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey acknowledges Brad Anderson for dedicating over a year of personal sacrifice to create a comprehensive Seven Habits video-based development program. Under his leadership, the material has been continually tested, refined, and rolled out to thousands of people throughout many organizations. Clients almost universally want to extend its use after seeing its effectiveness.
KM:
Covey แขแแុแแแ់ Brad Anderson แ ំแោះแាแแះแแ់แ្แួแแាแแួแแ្แាំ แើแ្แីแแ្แើแแแ្แแិแីแแ្แុះแแ្แាแ Seven Habits แាแแแៈแីแេแขូ។ แ្แោแแាแแឹแแាំแแแ់แាแ់ แាแិแាแេះแ្แូแแាแแាแแ្แแ แែแแ្แួแ แិแแขแុแแ្แแោแแแុแ្แแាแ់แាแ់แាแ់แៅแ្แុแแขแ្แแាแแ ្แើแ។ แ្แោแแេแแើแแ្แแិแ្แแាแแแแ់แា แขแិแិแแแ្แើแแែแាំแแขแ់แ แ់แฒ្แแាแ្แូแแាแแ្แើแ្แាแ់แាแแុแ แៅแាแ់แុแ្แแិแแ ្แើแแៀแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
This sentence demonstrates: – the scale of Brad Anderson’s contribution, – the importance of his leadership in refining the material, – the real-world effectiveness shown by high client demand, and – the confidence Covey’s team has in the Seven Habits process. It highlights that the program was not just created, but rigorously tested and proven valuable.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แ ាแแា៖ – Brad Anderson แាแแាแแแិแ ្แ ាแแ្แួแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ – แាแ់แាแข្แแแឹแแាំแំแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแែแแ្แขแាแិแា – แាแ្แូแแាแแ្แៀแแ្แាแ់แោแแขแិแិแแแាแ ្แើแ – แិแแ្แុแ Covey แាแแំแឿแ៉ាแแ្แាំแแើแ្แแ័แ្แ Seven Habits។ แាแแ្แ ាแแា แแ្แแិแីแិแแែแแ្แាแ់แែแแ្แើแแกើแแេ แែแ្แូแแាแแាแแ្แแ แិแแែแแ្แขแแៈแេแแូแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to Brad Anderson – next person in the gratitude list
- who at great personal sacrifice for over a year – he gave time, effort, and comfort
- developed a Seven Habits video-based development program – major contribution
- Under his leadership – he guided testing and refinement
- tested and refined – improved through real feedback
- implemented by thousands … across many organizations – wide impact
- clients desire to make it available … – high demand
- underscoring our confidence that it “works.” – proven effectiveness
KM breakdown៖ – «to Brad Anderson»៖ แแ់ Brad Anderson – «at great personal sacrifice»៖ แះแแ់แ្แួแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ – «developed … program»៖ แแ្แើแแแ្แแិแីแแ្แុះแแ្แាแ – «Under his leadership»៖ แ្แោแแាแแឹแแាំแแแ់แាแ់ – «tested and refined»៖ แាแแ្แแ แិแแែแแ្แួแ – «implemented … thousands»៖ แขแុแแ្แแោแแแុแ្แแាแ់แាแ់แាแ់ – «clients desire …»៖ แขแិแិแแแ แ់แ្แើแแ្แែแ – «underscoring … it works»៖ แแ្แាแ់แាแាแាแแ្แแិแ្แแាแ
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- personal sacrifice – แាแแះแแ់แ្แួแ
- refined – แែแแ្แข / แ្แើแฒ្แแ្แแើแแกើแ
- implemented – แขแុแแ្แ / แាแ់แขោแแ្แើแ្แាแ់
- broad range – แួแแំ / แ្แៃแ្แแกាแំ
- initial exposure – แាแแ្แាแ់แាแើแแំแូแ
- underscoring – แแ្แាแ់แฒ្แแ ្แាแ់ / แแ្แ ាแแ៉ាแแ្แាំแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– Begins with dash “—to …” continuing acknowledgment list – Contains multiple clauses joined by commas and transitions – Uses passive forms (“tested and refined,” “being implemented”) – “Almost without exception” = strong universal statement
KM:
– แ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ dash «—to …» – แាแแ្แាแ ្แើแ แแ្แាแ់แោแแแ្แាแ្แៀแ – แ្แើ passive voice («tested», «refined», «being implemented») – «Almost without exception» แាแแ័แแា แ្แើแแែแិแแាแแข្แแแ្แแាំแแេ
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to [Name], who [sacrifice/effort], developed [program].
Under his leadership, [material tested/refined],
and is being implemented by [audience].
Clients desire [greater access], underscoring that it “works.”
แំแាំแេះแขាแ แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แแแេแแขแแុแแុแ្แแិแแฌแ្แុแแាแแាแแแแែแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: sacrifice, leadership, material, organizations, clients
- Verbs: developed, tested, refined, implemented, desire
- Adjectives: personal, broad
- Adverbs: almost, without exception
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Many transformational programs rely on video-based formats in the business world. Anderson’s work helped standardize and scale Covey’s principles globally. The universal client demand shows the program’s practical impact.
KM:
แแ្แแិแីแแ្แុះแแ្แាแแាแแីแេแขូ แឺแំแាแ់แ្แាំแแៅแ្แុแแិแ័แแขាแីแแแ្แแแ័แแ្แី។ แាแแាแแแแ់ Anderson แាแแួแแ្แើแฒ្แแោแแាแแ៍แแแ់ Covey แ ែแแ ាแแាแแេแแិแแแោแ។ แាแแាแแាแแ្แាំแแីแขแិแិแแ แแ្แ ាแแីแ្แแិแ្แแាแแិแแ្แាแแแแแ់แា។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
None appear in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to Bob Thele for helping to create a system for our firm that gave me the peace of mind to enable me to really focus on the book.”
«—แแ់ Bob Thele แแ្แាแ់แាแแួแแแ្แើแแ្แแ័แ្แแួแแแ្แាแ់แ្แុแแ ៊ុแแแแ់แើแ แែแแាแแ្แแ់แฒ្แแ្แុំแូแแាแแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แ แ្แើแฒ្แแ្แុំแขាแ แ្แោแแ៉ាแแេแแេแแើแាแแแแេแแៀแแៅแេះ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey thanks Bob Thele for helping build an internal system for the company that allowed him to feel secure and at ease, freeing his mind from worry so he could concentrate completely on writing the book.
KM:
Covey แขแแុแแ ំแោះ Bob Thele แแ្แាแ់แាแแួแแแ្แើแแ្แแ័แ្แแួแแแ្แាแ់แ្แុแแ ៊ុแ แែแแ្แើแฒ្แแាแ់แាแแាแแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แ แិแแិแแាแแ្แแขំแីแាแแាแแ្แេแแ แូแ ្แេះแាแ់แขាแ แ្แោแแេแแេแแើแាแแแแេแแៀแแៅแាแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
Covey implies that writing the book required deep focus, and that without Thele’s help in establishing a stable system within the firm, he couldn't have achieved the level of concentration required. “Peace of mind” suggests trust, stability, and relief from operational burdens.
KM:
Covey แแ្แាแ់แាแ់แៀแแា แាแแแแេแแៀแแៅแេះแាแแាแแាแแ្แោแแ្แាំแ แិแแ ំแាแแ ិแ្แแ ្แើแ។ แ្แแ័แ្แแែแ Bob Thele แួแแแ្แើแแាแแ្แแ់แាแแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แ แិแแាแแแ្แាแแីแាแแាแแំแើแแ្แុแแ្แុแแ ៊ុแ แ្แើแฒ្แแាแ់แขាแ แ្แោแแើแាแแแแេแ។ «Peace of mind» แแ្แ ាแแីแាแแឿแុแแ ិแ្แ แแ្แាแแាแแ្แ แិแแាแแ្แៀแแ្แួแแ្แข។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to Bob Thele – another entry in the gratitude list.
- for helping to create a system – reason for gratitude; he contributed to building a functional structure.
- for our firm – specifies the context: internal company operations.
- that gave me the peace of mind – emotional/mental benefit.
- to enable me to really focus on the book – final purpose/result of the support.
KM breakdown៖ – แแ់ Bob Thele – แ្แោះแាแแួแแแ្แើแแ្แแ័แ្แ – แแ្แាแ់แ្แុแแ ៊ុแ – แែแแ្แแ់แាแแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แ – แฒ្แแ្แុំแขាแ แ្แោแแើแៀแแៅแាแ
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- peace of mind – แាแแ្แแ់แ ិแ្แ / แិแแាแแ្แ
- enable – แขแុแ្แាแแฒ្แ / แើแแฑแាแแฒ្แแขាแ แ្แើแាแ
- system – แ្แแ័แ្แ / แแាแแាแแ្แើแាแ
- focus – แ្แោแแขាแแ្แแ៍
- firm – แ្แុแแ ៊ុแ (แแ្แแ់แាแขាแីแแแ្แ)
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The sentence uses a relative clause: “a system **that gave me the peace of mind** …” – “to enable me to really focus” is an infinitive of purpose. – Begins with dash “—to …” continuing an acknowledgment list. – Uses formal business tone, typical of acknowledgments in professional books.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแ្แើ relative clause «system that gave me the peace of mind». – «to enable me to…» แា infinitive แแ្แាแ់แแ្แ ាแแោแแំแแ។ – แ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ dash «—to…» แแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ។ – แแ្แ្แីแแแេแแឺแាแขแ្แแแ្แូแแាแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to [Name] for helping to create [system] that gave me [benefit] to enable me to [result].
แំแាំแេះแขាแ
แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แแแេแแขแแុแแុแ្แแិแแฌแข្แแแ្แแ់แ្แแแ្แុแแ្แុแ៖
«—to Panha for helping to create a daily site-report system that gave me clarity
to enable me to manage the project more effectively.»
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: system, firm, peace, mind, book
- Verbs: helping, create, gave, enable, focus
- Adjectives: (none major)
- Prepositions: to, for, on
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Many leaders rely on systems to stabilize operations so they can devote energy to high-level work. Covey’s acknowledgment reflects the principle of **effective delegation**—one of the core ideas in The 7 Habits itself (Habit 3 & Habit 4). Thele’s contribution reflects trust and organizational maturity.
KM:
แេแឹแแាំแាแ ្แើแแขាแ្แ័แแើแ្แแ័แ្แแើแ្แីแ្แើแฒ្แแាแแាแแ្แាแแแกើแ แើแ្แីแฒ្แแួแแេแขាแ แ្แោแแើแាแแាแแ แ្แแ។ Covey แแแើแแេះแ្แแแាแแោแแាแแ៍ **แាแแ ែแแ ាแแាแแាแแ៉ាแแាแแ្แแិแ្แแាแ** แែแแាแ្แែแแ្แូแแ្แុแ Habit 3 & Habit 4។ แាแแ្แแ់แេแាแแแ់ Thele แាแแ្แាแៃแាแแឿแុแแ ិแ្แ แិแแាแแ ាแ់แុំแ្แុแแាแแ្แแ់แ្แแแขแ្แแាแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to David Conley for communicating the value and power of the Seven Habits to hundreds of business organizations so that my colleagues, Blaine Lee, Roice Krueger, Roger Merrill, and Al Switzler, and I have the constant opportunity to share ideas in a large variety of settings.”
«—แแ់ David Conley แแ្แាแ់แាแแ្แាแ្แ័แแแ្แ ាแแแ្แៃ แិแแขំแាแ แแแ់ Seven Habits แៅแាแ់แขแ្แแាแ แិแแ្แុแแ ៊ុแแាแ ្แើแแแ แើแ្แីแฒ្แแ្แុំ แិแแិแ្แแួแแាแแាแ Blaine Lee, Roice Krueger, Roger Merrill แិแ Al Switzler แាแแฑแាแแាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់แ្แុแแាแแ ែแแំแែแแំแិแ แ្แុแแแិแแแាแា។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses gratitude to David Conley for spreading the message and influence of the Seven Habits to many business organizations, which opened opportunities for Covey and his colleagues—Blaine Lee, Roice Krueger, Roger Merrill, and Al Switzler—to teach, collaborate, and share insights in many different environments.
KM:
Covey แូแแขแแុแแแ់ David Conley แោแแាแแែแាแแ្แแ្แแ្แាแแแ្แៃ แិแแขំแាแ แៃ Seven Habits แៅแាแ់แขแ្แแាแแขាแីแแแ្แแាแ់แแ។ แាแแាแแេះแាแแើแแ្แូแแฒ្แ Covey แិแแិแ្แแួแแាแแាแ៖ Blaine Lee, Roice Krueger, Roger Merrill แិแ Al Switzler แាแแฑแាแแ ្แើแแ្แុแแាแแ ែแแំแែแแំแិแ แិแแแ្แៀแแ្แុแแแិแแแាแា។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
The sentence suggests that the impact of the Seven Habits grew significantly because someone (David Conley) actively communicated its value. This outreach created continuous opportunities for Covey’s team to teach and influence organizations worldwide. It reflects the theme of **interdependence**—success through collaboration.
KM:
แ្แแោแแแ្แាแ់แា Seven Habits แាแแ្แោះแៅแแแាแแាแแฅแ្แិแแแ្แាំแ แីแ្แោះแាแแแុแ្แแ្แាแ់ (David Conley) แែแแាแแ្แแ្แแ្แាแแแ្แៃแแแ់แាแ៉ាแแแแ្แ។ แាแแ្แแ្แแ្แាแแេះแាแแแ្แើแแฑแាแแាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់แแ្แាแ់ Covey แិแแ្แុแแแแ់แាแ់แ្แុแแាแแแ្แៀแ แិแแ ែแแំแែแแំแិแแ្แុแแแិแแแាแ ្แើแ។ แេះแាแាแแแ្แាแ់แขំแី **interdependence** — แាแแแួแแាแแោแแ័แแាแแแៈแាแแแ แាแแាแแ្แแแួแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to David Conley – person being acknowledged.
- for communicating the value and power – explains Conley’s contribution.
- of the Seven Habits – content/message he communicated.
- to hundreds of business organizations – scope and scale of impact.
- so that my colleagues … and I – result clause showing benefit.
- have the constant opportunity – ongoing, repeated opportunities.
- to share ideas – purpose of those opportunities.
- in a large variety of settings – different contexts, industries, and environments.
KM breakdown៖ – แแ់ David Conley – แ្แោះแាแแ្แแ្แแ្แាแแแ្แៃ แិแแขំแាแ – แៃ Seven Habits – แៅแាแ់แขแ្แแាแแขាแីแแแ្แแាแ់แแ – แើแ្แីแฒ្แ Covey แិแแ្แុแ – แាแแฑแាแแាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់ – แ្แុแแាแแ ែแแំแែแแំแិแ – แៅแ្แុแแแិแแแាแា
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- communicate – แ្แាแ្แ័แ/แ្แแ់แំแឹแ
- value – แแ្แៃ
- power – แขំแាแ /แฅแ្แិแแ
- constant – แាแแ្แแแ្แាแ់/แាแៀแแាแ់
- opportunity – แฑแាแ
- settings – แแិแแ/แแិแាแាแ/แ្แាแแាแแាแា
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– Uses an infinitive phrase: “to share ideas.” – Uses a purpose clause: “so that my colleagues … and I have the constant opportunity…” – Begins with a dash because it continues a list of acknowledgments. – Complex sentence with cause (Conley’s work) leading to effect (Covey’s opportunities).
KM:
– แ្แើ infinitive phrase «to share ideas». – แ្แើ purpose clause «so that…». – แ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ dash แើแ្แីแแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ។ – แ្แแោแแាแแแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแិแាแ แីแ្แោះแแ្แ ាแแីแូแแ េแុ → เธเธฅแ៉ះแាแ់។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to [Person] for [action] so that [people] have [opportunity] to [purpose] in [settings].แំแាំแេះแขាแ แแแៅแ្แើแแแេแแขแแុแแៅแ្แុแแៀแแៅ แแแ្แแែแ แฌแុแ្แแแแា។ แง. «—to Panha for preparing complete site reports so that our team has the constant opportunity to plan effectively in many project settings.»
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: value, power, organizations, colleagues, opportunity, ideas, settings
- Verbs: communicating, have, share
- Adjectives: constant, large
- Prepositions: to, of, in
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
This reflects the worldwide expansion of The 7 Habits. Communication ambassadors like David Conley played a crucial role in spreading principles across industries, cultures, and markets. It also highlights Covey’s belief in **team synergy**, one of the core messages in the book.
KM:
แាแแ្แ ាแแីแាแแីแแ แ្แើแแំแាแ់แិแแแោแแៃ Seven Habits។ แแុแ្แแូแ แា David Conley แាแแួแាแីแំแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแ្แแ្แแ្แាแแោแแាแแ៍แៅแិแ័แแាแា។ แាแแ្แ ាแแីแแ្แแៈ Covey แขំแី **synergy** แាแแ แแแ្แាំแแួแแ្แា។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to my proactive literary agent Jan Miller, and my ‘can do’ associate Greg Link and his assistant Stephanni Smith and Raleen Beckham Wahlin for their creative and courageous marketing leadership.”
«—แแ់แ្แាแ់แាแแៀแแៅแែแแាแแំแឿแើแ្แួแแฏแ แិแแแแ្แแแแ់แ្แុំ Jan Miller แិแแៃแូ “can do” แแแ់แ្แុំ Greg Link แិแแំแួแแាแแแแ់แាแ់ Stephanni Smith แិแ Raleen Beckham Wahlin แแ្แាแ់แាแแែแแាแ់แ ្แៃแ្แแិแ แិแแេแ แ្แីแ្แាแ ាแแ្แុแแាแแឹแแាំ แ្แែแแីแ្แាแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey is expressing gratitude to several key people in his publishing and marketing team: his proactive literary agent Jan Miller, his optimistic “can do” associate Greg Link, and Greg’s assistants, Stephanni Smith and Raleen Beckham Wahlin, for their bold and imaginative leadership in marketing his work.
KM:
Covey แំแុแแแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแแ់แแុแ្แแំแាแ់แแួแแ ំแួแแៅแ្แុแแ្แុแแោះแុแ្แ แិแแីแ្แាแแแแ់แាแ់៖ แ្แាแ់แាแแៀแแៅแ៏แแแ្แ Jan Miller, แៃแូ “can do” แែแแុแិแ្แិแិแแ Greg Link แិแ แំแួแแាแแแแ់แាแ់ Stephanni Smith แិแ Raleen Beckham Wahlin แแ្แាแ់แាแแឹแแាំแ្แែแแីแ្แាแ แែแแាแแាំแแាแแ ្แៃแ្แแិแ แិแแាแแ្แាแ ាแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
This sentence shows that Covey recognizes that his impact did not come from his ideas alone, but also from a strong support team that believed in his work and promoted it actively. The words “proactive” and “‘can do’ associate” suggest initiative, optimism, and action. “Creative and courageous marketing leadership” implies they were willing to try new strategies and take risks to spread his message.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แ ាแแា Covey แแួแแ្แាแ់แាแฅแ្แិแแแแแ់แាแ់แិแแแแែแីแំแិแแ៉ុแ្แោះแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแ្แขែแแើแ្แុแแាំแ្แแែแแឿแើแាแแាแแแแ់แាแ់ แិแแួแแ្แแ្แแ្แាแแ៉ាแแแแ្แแแแែแ។ แាแ្แ “proactive” แិแ “‘can do’ associate” แแ្แ ាแแីแាแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แាแុแ แแាแแិแ្แแាแ แិแแแแ្แแាแ។ “creative and courageous marketing leadership” แแ្แ ាแแាแួแแេแ ូแแ្แើแข្แីแ្แីแ แាแแាแแแួแแុแแ្แូแ แិแแ្แាแ ាแแ្แុแแាแแ្แแ្แแ្แាแแាแแแแ់แាแ់។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to my proactive literary agent Jan Miller – person and role, with the adjective “proactive” showing initiative.
- and my “can do” associate Greg Link – colleague described as positive and action-oriented.
- and his assistant Stephanni Smith and Raleen Beckham Wahlin – two assistants supporting Greg and the team.
- for their creative and courageous marketing leadership – the reason for the gratitude, describing the style of their leadership.
แាแแំแែแแាแាแាแ្แែแ៖ – แแ់แ្แាแ់แាแแៀแแៅแ៏แแแ្แ Jan Miller – แិแแៃแូ “can do” Greg Link – แិแแំแួแแាแ Stephanni Smith แិแ Raleen Beckham Wahlin – แីแ្แោះแួแแាแ់แាแแាแแ ្แៃแ្แแិแ แិแแ្แាแ ាแแ្แុแแាแแឹแแាំแ្แែแแីแ្แាแ។
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- proactive – แแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แាแុแ / แแแ្แแុแแេ
- literary agent – แ្แាแ់แាแแៀแแៅ / แ្แាแ់แាแแោះแុแ្แ
- “can do” associate – แៃแូแែแ «แข្แីแ៏แ្แើแាแ» (แាแแឹแแ ិแ្แแិแ្แแាแ)
- creative – แ ្แៃแ្แแិแ
- courageous – แ្แាแ ាแ / แិแแ័แแ្แាแ
- marketing leadership – แាแแឹแแាំแ្แែแแីแ្แាแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The sentence continues a list of acknowledgments, starting with a dash “—to …”.
– Multiple people are joined with and, forming a long noun phrase as the indirect object of “to”.
– The phrase for their creative and courageous marketing leadership is a
prepositional phrase showing the reason (why he is grateful).
– Adjectives “creative” and “courageous” modify “marketing leadership”.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ แូแ
្แេះแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ dash «—to …».
– แ្แើ and แើแ្แីแ្แាแ់แแុแ្แแាแ
្แើแแៅแ្แុแแ្แាแแាแแែแួแ (indirect object).
– “for their creative and courageous marketing leadership” แแ្แ ាแแូแแ េแុแៃแាแแขแแុแ។
– “creative” แិแ “courageous” แាแុแแាแ ไฟฎ “marketing leadership”។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to [adjective] [role] [Name 1],
and my ["can do"] associate [Name 2]
and his assistant [Name 3] and [Name 4]
for their [adjective 1] and [adjective 2] [area] leadership.แข្แแแขាแ แแแំแាំแេះแៅแ្แើ៖ «—to my dedicated site engineer Panha, and my “can do” foreman Saothearith and his assistant Dara and Lina for their reliable and proactive project leadership.» แាแាแំแាំแแแេแแขแแុแแែแแាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แាแ់แ្แួแ แិแแួแแฑ្แแោแแแแើแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: agent, associate, assistant, leadership, marketing
- Adjectives: proactive, “can do”, creative, courageous
- Prepositions: to, for
- Proper nouns: Jan Miller, Greg Link, Stephanni Smith, Raleen Beckham Wahlin
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
In Western publishing culture, literary agents and marketing teams are crucial in bringing a book to the world. Covey’s gratitude shows humility and an awareness that his success is shared with others. The “can do” spirit reflects a positive, problem-solving culture that he also promotes in his 7 Habits.
KM:
แ្แុแแแ្แแแ៌แោះแុแ្แแាแแិแ แ្แាแ់แាแแៀแแៅ แិแแ្แុแแីแ្แាแแ្แាแแាแข្แแแំแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแាំแៀแแៅ แៅแាแ់แាแាแแៈ។ แាแแขแแុแแแแ់ Covey แแ្แ ាแแីแាแแแ់แ្แแ់ แិแแាแแแ់แាแោแแ័แแឺแាแាแแ ែแแំแែแ แាแួแแข្แแแแៃ។ แแ្แแ់ “can do” แឺแាแแ្แแแ៌แិแ្แแាแ แិแแោះแ្แាแแแ្แ ា แែแแ្แแแៅแឹแแោแแាแแ៍ แៅแ្แុแ 7 Habits แแแែแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No explicit phrasal verbs are used in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แ ្แាแ់แាแ់แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to my Simon & Schuster editor Bob Asahina for his professional competence and project leadership, for his many excellent suggestions and for helping me to better understand the difference between writing and speaking.”
«—แแ់ Bob Asahina แแแេแแ្แែแแ្แួแแៀแแៅแแแ់แ្แុំแៅ Simon & Schuster แแ្แាแ់แំแាแแិแ្แាแីแៈ แិแแាแแឹแแាំแแ្แោแแแแ់แាแ់ แแ្แាแ់แំแើแ៏แ្แขแាแ ្แើแ แិแแแ្แាแ់แាแแួแแฒ្แแ្แុំแแ់แ ្แាแ់แ្แแើแแกើแ แขំแីแាแแុแแ្แាแแាแแាแแแแេแ แិแแាแแិแាแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses gratitude to his editor, Bob Asahina, from Simon & Schuster for his professionalism, leadership in managing the project, his excellent editorial suggestions, and for helping Covey understand the important distinction between writing and speaking.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแ ំแោះแข្แแแិแแ្แ-แែแแ្แួแ Bob Asahina แៃแ្แុแแ ៊ុแ Simon & Schuster แแ្แាแ់แំแាแแិแ្แាแីแៈ แាแแឹแแាំแแ្แោแ แំแើแែแแ្แួแแ៏แ្แขแាំแแกាแ แិแแាแแួแแฒ្แแាแ់แแ់แ្แข แขំแីแាแแុแแ្แាแแាแแាแแแแេแ แិแแាแแិแាแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
Covey acknowledges that ideas expressed verbally do not automatically translate into effective writing. It takes editorial skill to shape spoken concepts into clear written communication. He also suggests that Asahina played a major role in ensuring the quality, clarity, and structure of the book. This reveals humility—Covey knows he needed guidance.
KM:
Covey แแួแแ្แាแ់แា แំแិแแែแแិแាแแាแ់ แិแแ្แើแឹแแំแិแแែแแแแេแแฒ្แแ ្แាแ់แាแ់แាแแេ។ แ្แូแแាแแំแាแแែแแ្แួแแើแ្แីแ្แើแฒ្แแំแិแแាแ់แ្แាแแាแขแ្แแแแ្แข។ แាแ់แ៏แแ្แាแ់แោแแាแ់แៀแแា Asahina แាแแฅแ្แិแแแ៉ាแแ ្แើแแើแុแแាแแាแា แាแแៀแแ ំ แិแแแ្แាแុแแแៀแแៅ។ แេះแแ្แ ាแแីแាแแแ់แ្แแ់ แិแแាแแแួแแแแแិแแแ់ Covey។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to my Simon & Schuster editor Bob Asahina – person being thanked.
- for his professional competence – skill, expertise.
- and project leadership – his management and direction.
- for his many excellent suggestions – editorial contributions.
- and for helping me to better understand – educational/supportive role.
- the difference between writing and speaking – key insight Covey learned.
แំแែแแាแាแាแ្แែแ៖ – แแ់ Bob Asahina แข្แแแែแแ្แួแแៀแแៅ – แแ្แាแ់แំแាแแិแ្แាแីแៈ – แិแแាแแឹแแាំแแ្แោแ – แแ្แាแ់แំแើแ្แขแ – แិแแាแแួแแฒ្แแแ់แាแแ ្แាแ់ – แขំแីแាแแុแแแាแแแแេแ แិแแាแแិแាแ
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- professional competence – แំแាแแិแ្แាแីแៈ / แแแ្แแាแแាแแាแ
- project leadership – แាแแឹแแាំแแ្แោแ
- suggestions – แំแើ/แោแแ់
- difference between writing and speaking – แាแแុแแ្แាแแាแแแแេแ แិแแិแាแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– Series of coordinated prepositional phrases beginning with “for …”.
– Dash + “to …” continues the acknowledgment list.
– “helping me to better understand” = infinitive phrase of purpose.
– Uses multiple parallel structures for rhythm and clarity.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแាแแ្แា “for …” แាแ ្แើแแ្แូแแ្แា (parallel structure)। – แ្แើ dash «—to …» แើแ្แីแแ្แីแขแแុแแแ្แ។ – «helping me to better understand» แា infinitive phrase แแ្แ ាแแោแแំแแ។ – แแ แាแ្แแោแแាแแំแាំแ្แេแแំแាំแแែแแ (parallelism) แែแแ្แើแฒ្แแขាแแាแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to [role + name] for [quality],
for [action 1], and for [action 2 + insight].แំแាំแេះแขាแ แแแៅแ្แើแแแេแแขแแុแ៖ «—to my construction supervisor Panha for his reliability, for his accurate reports, and for helping me better understand site workflow.»
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: editor, competence, leadership, suggestions, difference
- Verbs: helping, understand
- Adjectives: professional, excellent
- Prepositions: to, for, between
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Editors play a vital role in shaping the final version of a book. Covey respecting his editor’s input reflects humility, collaboration, and a recognition that great work is never done alone. The distinction between writing and speaking is essential in publishing—spoken language is spontaneous while written language must be structured and precise.
KM:
แข្แแแែแแ្แួแแាแแួแាแីแំแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแแ្แើแแូแแាแแ ុแแ្แោแแៀแแៅแួแ។ Covey แោแแแាแแขแុแแ្แแแแ់ Asahina แแ្แ ាแแីแាแแแ់แ្แแ់ แិแแាแแแ แាแแួแแ្แា។ แាแแែแแ ែแแแាแ«แแแេแ» แិแ «แិแាแ» แឺแំแាแ់แាแ់ แោแแាแแាแแិแាแแាแแាแแแ្แแាแិ แแៈแាแแแแេแแ្แូแแាแแាแแៀแแ ំแ ្แាแ់แាแ់។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to my earlier devoted assistants Shirley and Heather Smith and to my present assistant Marilyn Andrews for a level of loyalty which is truly uncommon.”
«—แแ់แំแួแแាแแែแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แិแแงแ្แាแ ៍แ្แាแាแแៅแួแ แแ Shirley แិแ Heather Smith แិแแแ់แំแួแแាแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ Marilyn Andrews แแ្แាแ់แแ្แិแแៃแាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แិแแាแแ แแ្แแแុแแាแแ៏แแ្แแិแแแ្แแា។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses gratitude to his former assistants, Shirley and Heather Smith, and to his current assistant, Marilyn Andrews, for their rare and exceptional loyalty—something he considers uncommon and deeply valuable.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแ ំแោះแំแួแแាแแ ាแ់แแแ់แាแ់ Shirley แិแ Heather Smith แិแแំแួแแាแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แแ្แុแแេแแេះ Marilyn Andrews แแ្แាแ់แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แាแแាแ់แขាแ แិแแាแแ្แេแ្แាแ៏แแ្แแែแแាแ់แ ាแ់แុแแា แិแแួแแើแแឹแแាแ់แេ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
Covey highlights the importance of loyalty—especially among assistants who support him in both personal and professional tasks. By calling their loyalty “truly uncommon,” he implies that their dedication went beyond normal job expectations and made a significant difference in his work and life.
KM:
Covey แแ្แแ់แ្แแ់แីแាแៈแំแាแ់แៃแាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់—แាแិแេแแ ំแោះแំแួแแាแแែแแាំแ្แแាแ់ แ្แុแแាแแាแ แិแแីแិแแ្แแ ាំแ្แៃ។ แាแแ្แើแាแ្แ “truly uncommon” แแ្แ ាแแា แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់แแแ់แួแแេ แឺแើแแីแាแแំแឹแแុแ แ ើแแាแแขแ្แแ័แแแ្แាแ់แោแแ័แแแแ់แាแ់។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to my earlier devoted assistants – refers to assistants who supported him in the past.
- Shirley and Heather Smith – names of former assistants.
- and to my present assistant Marilyn Andrews – acknowledges the current assistant.
- for a level of loyalty – the quality being praised.
- which is truly uncommon – emphasizes rarity and exceptional nature.
แំแែแแាแាแាแ្แែแ៖ – แแ់แំแួแแាแแ ាแ់แแแ់แ្แុំ – Shirley แិแ Heather Smith – แិแแแ់แំแួแแាแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ Marilyn Andrews – แแ្แាแ់แแ្แិแแៃแាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ – แែแแแ្แแិแแួแแើแ
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- devoted – แ្แោះแ្แแ់ / แិแแំ
- present assistant – แំแួแแាแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ
- loyalty – แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ / แាแแួแแ ិแ្แ
- uncommon – แแ្แแិแแแ្แแា / แិแแូแแួแแើแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The sentence continues Covey’s acknowledgment list beginning with a dash “—to …”.
– “earlier devoted assistants” uses an adjective sequence describing past assistants.
– “for a level of loyalty which is truly uncommon” is a reason phrase explaining why he is grateful.
– Relative clause: “which is truly uncommon.”
KM:
– แ្แแោแแแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ แូแ
្แេះแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ dash «—to …».
– «earlier devoted assistants» แ្แើแុแแាแแីแ (adjectives) แแ្แាแ់แแ្แแ់แីแំแួแแាแแ
ាแ់។
– «for a level of loyalty …» แាแ្แាแแ្แ ាแแូแแ េแុ។
– «which is truly uncommon» แា relative clause แแ្แែแแាแแិแแ៌แា។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to my earlier [adjective] assistants [Name 1] and [Name 2]
and to my present assistant [Name 3]
for a level of loyalty which is truly uncommon.แំแាំแេះแขាแ แแแៅแ្แើแแแេแแขแแុแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ៖ «—to my earlier site assistants Dara and Lina and to my present assistant Pov for a level of commitment which is truly uncommon.»
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: assistants, loyalty, level
- Adjectives: earlier, devoted, present, uncommon
- Proper nouns: Shirley, Heather Smith, Marilyn Andrews
- Prepositions: to, for
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
Loyalty is highly valued in professional environments, especially among staff who work closely with leaders. Covey’s acknowledgment reflects a sense of gratitude and respect for people who supported his mission consistently over time. It also shows that long-term personal loyalty is rare in modern workplaces.
KM:
แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แឺแាแแ្แៃแ្แแ់แ្แុแแាแแាแ แាแិแេแแ ំแោះแំแួแแាแแែแแ្แើแាแแិแแ្แិแ្แแាแួแแេแឹแแាំ។ Covey แขแแុแแួแแេ แ្แោះแួแแេแាំแ្แแោแแំแแ แិแแាแแាแแแแ់แាแ់แขแ់แแៈแេแแូแ។ แាแ៏แแ្แ ាแแា แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់แូแแขแ្แែแ แឺแแ្แแិแแ្แែแแแแាแแិแាแแ្แុแแ្แាแ័แแแ្แแ្แៃ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to our Executive Excellence magazine editor Ken Shelton for his editing of the first manuscript years ago, for helping refine and test the material in several contexts, and for his integrity and sense of quality.”
«—แแ់แข្แแแិแแ្แแែแแ្แួแแแ្แแាแแ្แី Executive Excellence แแแ់แួแแើแ Ken Shelton แแ្แាแ់แាแแែแแ្แួแแៀแแៅแ្แាแแំแូแ แេแแីแแ្แាំแុแ, แแ្แាแ់แាแแួแแៃแแ្แូแ แិแแាแแ្แแแាแិแាแេះแ្แុแแแិแแแាแា แិแแแ្แាแ់แាแแុแ ្แ แិแ แិแแាแแแ់แឹแแขំแីแុแแាแแแแ់แាแ់។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey thanks Ken Shelton, the editor of the magazine Executive Excellence, for editing the earliest version of the book, for helping to improve and test the material in different settings, and for his strong integrity and commitment to high quality.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแៅแាแ់ Ken Shelton แែแแាแข្แแแិแแ្แแែแแ្แួแแแ្แแាแแ្แី Executive Excellence แ ំแោះแាแแែแแ្แួแแៀแแៅแ្แាแแំแូแ, แ ំแោះแាแแួแแៃแแ្แូแ แិแแាแแ្แแแាแិแាแៅแ្แុแแแិแแแ្แេแแ แិแแ ំแោះแាแแុแ ្แ แិแ แិแแាแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แ្แแ់แแแ់แាแ់แ ំแោះแុแแាแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
This sentence shows how important the editor was in shaping the early form of the book. Editing, refining, and testing the material ensured that the ideas were clear, practical, and effective for many situations. The mention of “integrity and sense of quality” suggests that Ken Shelton upheld strong ethical standards and high expectations, which helped keep the book honest and excellent.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แ ាแแា แข្แแแិแแ្แแែแแ្แួแ แាแแួแាแីแំแាแ់แាแ់แ្แុแแាแแแ្แើแแូแแាแแើแแแแ់แៀแแៅ។ แាแแែแแ្แួแ แាแแៃแแ្แូแ แិแแាแแាแแ្แแแាแិแា แាแแួแแฒ្แแំแិแแាแ់แែแ ្แាแ់ แាแแ្แแោแแ៍ แិแแขាแ แขแុแแ្แแាแแ្แុแแแិแแแាแា។ แាแ្แ «integrity and sense of quality» แแ្แាแ់แា Ken Shelton แាแแแ្แាแ្แแ់แាแ แិแ្แាแីแៈ แិแแុแแាแแ្แแ់ แែแแួแแ្แើแฒ្แแៀแแៅแេះแុแแ ិแ្แแាแ แិแแ្แขแ្แแើแ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to our Executive Excellence magazine editor Ken Shelton – identifies who is being thanked and his role.
- for his editing of the first manuscript years ago – reason 1: he edited the earliest version of the book.
- for helping refine and test the material in several contexts – reason 2: he improved and tested the content in different situations.
- and for his integrity and sense of quality – reason 3: his character and standards of quality.
แំแែแแាแាแាแ្แែแ៖ – แแ់แข្แแแិแแ្แแែแแ្แួแแแ្แแាแแ្แី Executive Excellence แแแ់แើแ Ken Shelton – แแ្แាแ់แាแแែแแ្แួแแៀแแៅแ្แាแแំแូแ แេแแីแแ្แាំแុแ – แแ្แាแ់แាแแួแแៃแแ្แូแ แិแแាแแ្แแแាแិแាแៅแ្แុแแแិแแแាแា – แិแแแ្แាแ់แាแแុแ ្แ แិแ แិแแាแแแ់แឹแแขំแីแុแแាแแแแ់แាแ់
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- editor – แข្แแแិแแ្แแែแแ្แួแ / แแ្แแិแីแែแแ្แួแ
- manuscript – แៀแแៅแ្แាแ / แขแ្แแแแ្แាแ
- refine – แៃแแ្แូแแฒ្แแ្แแើแ / แแ្แែแแាแแ្แែแ ្แៃ
- contexts – แแិแแ / แ្แាแแាแแាแា
- integrity – แាแแុแ ្แ แិแ / แ្แោះแ្แแ់
- sense of quality – แាแแแ់แឹแ แិแแាแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แ ំแោះแុแแាแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The sentence is part of a long acknowledgment list, beginning with “—to …”.
– Three parallel for + noun/-ing phrases give reasons for gratitude:
• for his editing …
• for helping refine and test …
• and for his integrity and sense of quality.
– “helping refine and test” uses the -ing form after “helping” to show ongoing assistance in improving and checking the material.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแេះแាแ្แែแแួแแៃแแ្แីแขแแុแ แូแ
្แេះแ
ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ «—to …».
– แាแแ្แា for + noun / -ing แី แแแៅแแ្แแ់แូแแ េแុแៃแាแแขแแុแ៖
• for his editing …
• for helping refine and test …
• and for his integrity and sense of quality.
– «helping refine and test» แ្แើ -ing แแ្แាแ់ «helping» แើแ្แីแแ្แ ាแแាแแួแแ្แុแแំแើแแាแแៃแแ្แូแ แិแแាแแ្แแแាแិแា។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to our [role] [publication] editor [Name]
for his [action 1] ...,
for helping [verb 1] and [verb 2] the [object] in several contexts,
and for his [quality 1] and [quality 2].แข្แแแขាแ แ្แើแំแាំแេះแើแ្แីแแแេแแขแแុแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ៖ «—to our project editor Dara for his editing of the first report, for helping refine and test the ideas with our clients, and for his integrity and sense of quality.»
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: editor, magazine, manuscript, material, contexts, integrity, sense, quality
- Verbs: editing, helping, refine, test
- Adjectives: first (modifying manuscript), several (modifying contexts)
- Prepositions: to, for, in
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
In publishing, editors play a crucial role in shaping the clarity, tone, and quality of a book. By publicly thanking Ken Shelton for integrity and quality, Covey models humility and acknowledges that great work is the result of teamwork, not just one author.
KM:
แ្แុแแិแแแោះแុแ្แ แៀแแៅ แข្แแแិแแ្แแែแแ្แួแ แាแแួแាแីแំแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแ្แើแฒ្แแាแិแាแ ្แាแ់ แាแแំแាំแ្แข แិแแាแแុแแាแ។ Covey แាแแขแแុแ Ken Shelton แ ំแោះแាแแុแ ្แ แិแ แិแแ្แាแแីแแ្แាแុแแាแ แែแแแ្แ ាแแីแាแแាแแ្แាแ แិแแាแแแួแแ្แាแ់แា แាแแាแแ្แขแួแ แើแแกើแแោแแ្แុแ แិแแែแแោแแข្แแแិแแ្แแ្แាแ់แេ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
There are no phrasal verbs in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—to Rebecca Merrill for her invaluable editing and production assistance, for her inner commitment to the material, and for her skill, sensitivity, and carefulness in fulfilling that commitment, and to her husband, Roger, for his wise, synergistic help.”
«—แแ់ Rebecca Merrill แแ្แាแ់แាแแួแแែแแ្แួแ แិแแំแួแแ្แុแแាแแแិแแែแแាแแแ្แៃแขแ្แ ាแ្แ, แแ្แាแ់แាแแ្แេแ្แាแ្แៃแ្แុแแแแ់แាแแ ំแោះแាแិแា, แិแแแ្แាแ់แំแាแ แាแแแ់แ្แแ់ แិแแាแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แแแ់แាแแ្แុแแាแแំแេแแ្แេแ្แាแោះ, แិแแแ់แ្แីแแแ់แាแ Roger แแ្แាแ់แំแួแแ្แាแแៃ แែแแាแแแ្แแៈแ៊ីแើแ ្แី។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses deep gratitude to Rebecca Merrill for her exceptional editing, production support, and sincere commitment to the material. He also acknowledges her remarkable skill, sensitivity, and care. Additionally, he thanks her husband Roger for his wise and synergistic contribution, implying teamwork and unified support.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแ៉ាแแ្แាแแ្แៅแៅแាแ់ Rebecca Merrill แ ំแោះแិแ ្แ แាแแែแแ្แួแ แិแแំแួแแแិแแแ្แแ៏แាแแแ្แៃ แិแแ ំแោះแាแแ្แេแ្แាแ្แៃแ្แុแแแแ់แាแแ ំแោះแាแិแា។ แាแ់แ៏แแแើแแ ំแោះแំแាแ แាแแแ់แ្แแ់ แិแแាแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แแแ់แាแ។ แแ្แែแแីแេះ แាแ់แขแแុแแ្แីแแแ់แាแ Roger แแ្แាแ់แំแួแแ្แាแแៃ แិแแ៊ីแើแ ្แី แែแแแ្แ ាแแីแាแแ ូแแួแแ្แាแាแ្แុแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
This sentence highlights not only technical assistance (editing and production) but also emotional and moral commitment. Covey values excellence, sincerity, and teamwork. Mentioning both Rebecca and Roger signals that the project benefited from their combined synergy and shared dedication.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แ ាแแីแិแแ្แឹแแែแំแួแแแ ្แ េแแេแ (แែแแ្แួแ แិแแแិแแแ្แ) แ៉ុแ្แោះแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแแ្แ ាแแីแាแแ្แេแ្แាแ្แៃแ្แុแ แិแแ្แាแแីแ្แแ់។ Covey แោแแแแើแแើแាแแขแ្แ ាแ្แ แាแแ្แោះแ្แแ់ แិแแាแแ្แើแាแแាแ្แុแ។ แាแแំแឹแแី Rebecca แិแ Roger แូแแแ្แ ាแแា แាแแាแแេះแแួแแាแแแแแ្แแ៊ីแើแ ្แី แិแแាแแាំแ្แแួแแ្แាแแแ់แួแแេ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —to Rebecca Merrill – person receiving primary gratitude.
- for her invaluable editing and production assistance – reason 1.
- for her inner commitment to the material – reason 2.
- and for her skill, sensitivity, and carefulness... – reason 3 (qualities).
- and to her husband, Roger – extends gratitude to her partner.
- for his wise, synergistic help – describes his helpfulness and harmony with the work.
แំแែแแាแាแាแ្แែแ៖ – แแ់ Rebecca Merrill – แแ្แាแ់แាแแួแแែแแ្แួแ แិแแាแแแិแแ៏แាแแแ្แៃ – แแ្แាแ់แាแแ្แេแ្แាแ្แៃแ្แុแแแแ់แាแแ ំแោះแាแិแា – แแ្แាแ់แំแាแ แាแแแ់แ្แแ់ แិแแាแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់แแแ់แាแ – แិแแแ់ Roger แ្แីแแแ់แាแ – แแ្แាแ់แំแួแแ្แាแแៃ แិแแ៊ីแើแ ្แីแแแ់แាแ់
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- invaluable – แាแแแ្แៃแ្แแ់แាแ់ / แិแแขាแ แាแแแ្แៃแាแ
- production assistance – แំแួแแ្แុแแាแแแិแ
- inner commitment – แាแแ្แេแ្แាแ្แៃแ្แុแ / แ្แីแงแ្แាแ ៍
- sensitivity – แាแแแ់แ្แแ់ / แแ់แ ិแ្แ
- carefulness – แាแแแแ ិแ្แแុแแាแ់ / แាแแ្แុแแ្แแ័แ្แ
- synergistic – แាแแแ្แแៈแ៊ីแើแ ្แី / แួแแ្แាแกើแแ្แข
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The sentence contains multiple for + noun/-ing purpose clauses showing different reasons. – “invaluable editing and production assistance” is a compound noun phrase. – “inner commitment” expresses emotional motivation. – The structure “and to her husband, Roger, for…” adds a second recipient of gratitude.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแេះแាแแ្แា for + noun / -ing แ ្แើแ แើแ្แីแแ្แាแ់แូแแ េแុ។ – «invaluable editing and production assistance» แាแ្แាแាแแแ្แំ។ – «inner commitment» แแ្แ ាแแขាแแ្แแ៍แ្แេแ្แាแាแแ្แុแ។ – แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แ «and to her husband Roger for…» แแ្แែแแข្แแแแួแแាแแขแแុแแីแីแ។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—to [Name]
for her [quality/action 1],
for her [value/commitment],
and for her [skillset],
and to her husband [Name]
for his [positive contribution].แข្แแแขាแ แ្แើแំแាំแេះแแ្แាแ់แแแេแแขแแុแแ្แុแแៀแแៅ แฌแแ្แោแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: assistance, commitment, skill, sensitivity, carefulness, help
- Adjectives: invaluable, inner, wise, synergistic
- Verbs: fulfilling (gerund form)
- Prepositions: to, for
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
The acknowledgment reflects the strong culture of collaboration in writing and publishing. Covey highlights not only professional help but also emotional and ethical qualities—showing that impactful work requires both skill and heart. Mentioning Roger shows respect for family partnerships in creative work.
KM:
แាแแขแแុแแแ្แ ាแแីแแ្แแแ៌แៃแាแแ្แើแាแแាแ្แុแแ្แុแแាแแแแេแ แិแแោះแុแ្แ។ Covey แិแแ្แឹแแែแแแើแแាแแួแแแ ្แ េแแេแแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแៅแើแុแแแ្แแ្แិแ្แូแแ ិแ្แ แិแแីแแแ៌។ แាแแំแឹแแី Roger แแ្แ ាแแីแាแแាំแ្แแแแ់แ្แួแាแ แែแแាแាแុแំแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแแ្แើแแាแแាแแ៏แាแแขแ្แแ័แ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแេ។
10. Back to top of sentence แ្แแแ់แៅแ្แាแแ្แแោแ
“—and to Kay Swim and her son, Gaylord, for their much appreciated vision which contributed to our organization’s rapid growth.”
«— แិแแแ់ Kay Swim แិแแូแแ្แុแแแแ់แាแ Gaylord แแ្แាแ់แ แ្แុแិแ័แแែแแេแោแแแแើแแាแ់ แែแแាแแ ូแแួแแំแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแូแแាแ់แ៉ាแแឿแแแแ់แขแ្แแាแแแแ់แើแ។»
1. Original Sentence & Translation แ្แแោแแើแ + แแแ្แែ
EN:
Covey expresses gratitude to both Kay Swim and her son Gaylord for their valuable vision, which significantly contributed to the rapid growth of the organization. Their ideas and insight played an important role in shaping progress.
KM:
Covey แแ្แ ាแแាแแขแแុแแៅแាแ់ Kay Swim แិแแូแแ្แុแแแแ់แាแ Gaylord แ ំแោះแ แ្แុแិแ័แแ៏แ្แូแแេแ ូแแ ិแ្แ แិแแោแแแแើแ แែแแាแแួแแ ំแែแแ៉ាแแំแាแ់แ្แុแแាแแូแแាแ់แแ ័แแแแ់แขแ្แแាแ។ แំแិแ แិแแแិแោแแ់แแแ់แួแแេแាแแขแ្แแ័แแ្แแ់แ ំแោះแាแแីแแ แ្แើแ។
2. Comprehension & Inference แាแแแ់ + แขแ្แแ័แแាแ់แៀแ
EN:
This sentence highlights the importance of vision in an organization’s success. Covey acknowledges that ideas, foresight, and strategic thinking from individuals such as Kay and Gaylord played a big part in accelerating growth. It implies that progress is not only due to effort but also to the clarity of direction that visionary people provide.
KM:
แ្แแោแแេះแแ្แ ាแแាแ แ្แុแិแ័แ แឺแំแាแ់แាแ់แแ្แាแ់แាแแោแแ័แแแแ់แขแ្แแាแ។ Covey แแแើแ แិแแแួแแ្แាแ់แា แំแិแ แិแแាแแើแแើแแ្แាแแី Kay แិแ Gaylord แាแแួแแแ្แើแแ្แឿแแៃแាแแូแแាแ់។ แាแแ្แ ាแแា แាแแីแแ แ្แើแแិแแែแแ្แឹแแាแแិแแំแ៉ុแ្แោះแេ แ៉ុแ្แែแ្แូแแាแแិแแៅแ ្แាแ់แាแ់แែแแแแីแแុแ្แแាแแ แ្แុแិแ័แ។
3. Sentence Breakdown แំแែแแ្แแោแ
- —and to Kay Swim and her son, Gaylord – two people receiving gratitude.
- for their much appreciated vision – reason: their valuable foresight.
- which contributed to our organization’s rapid growth – the result or impact of their vision.
แំแែแแ្แแោแแាแាแាแ្แែแ៖ – แแ់ Kay Swim แិแแូแแ្แុแแแแ់แាแ Gaylord – แแ្แាแ់แ แ្แុแិแ័แแែแแេแោแแแแើแ แិแแេแแ់แขំแីแแ្แៃ – แែแแាแแួแแ ំแែแแ្แុแแាแแូแแាแ់แแ ័แแแแ់แขแ្แแាแ
4. Vocabulary Building แាแ្แแแ្แ
- vision – แ แ្แុแិแ័แ / แាแแើแแើแแ្แាแ
- much appreciated – แែแแេแោแแแแើแ / แែแแាแแแ្แៃแ្แแ់
- contributed – แាแแួแแ ំแែแ
- rapid growth – แាแแូแแាแ់แ៉ាแแឿแ / แាแแីแแ แ្แើแแឿแ
- organization – แขแ្แแាแ / แ្แុแแ ៊ុแ
5. Grammar Usage & Notes แេแ្แាแแแ៍
EN:
– The phrase begins with “—and to…”, continuing the acknowledgment list. – “for their much appreciated vision” uses a passive-like adjective phrase to show value. – “which contributed to…” is a relative clause explaining the effect of their vision.
KM:
– แ្แแោแแ ាแ់แ្แើแแោแ «—and to…» แើแ្แីแแ្แแแ្แីแขแแុแ។ – «much appreciated vision» แាแ្แាแិแแិแ្แិแែแแแ្แ ាแแីแแ្แៃแ្แแ់។ – «which contributed to…» แា relative clause แែแแแ្แแ់แីแแแ៉ះแាแ់។
6. Grammar & Sentence Structure แแ แាแ្แแោแ
—and to [Person 1] and [Person 2]
for their [positive attribute]
which contributed to [positive outcome].แំแាំแេះแขាแ แ្แែแ្แួแแើแ្แីแแแេแแขแแុแแ្แាแ់แ្แួแแាแแ៉ាแแាแ។
7. Parts of Speech แ្แแេแแាแ្แ
- Nouns: vision, growth, organization
- Adjectives: appreciated, rapid
- Verbs: contributed
- Prepositions: to, for
8. Cultural & Thematic Context แแិแแแแ្แแแ៌
EN:
In leadership and organizational development, “vision” is often the spark that drives strategy and growth. Covey’s gratitude reflects how leaders value not only hard work but also those who can see the future clearly and provide direction.
KM:
แ្แុแแាแแឹแแាំ แិแแាแแขแិแแ្แแขแ្แแាแ «แ แ្แុแិแ័แ» แឺแាแាแុแแ្แឹះแំแាแ់แាแ់។ Covey แขแแុแแ ំแោះ Kay แិแ Gaylord แ្แោះแแុแ្แแាแแ แ្แុแិแ័แ แួแแំแแ់แិแแៅ แិแแแ្แុแแាแแីแแ แ្แើแ។
9. Phrasal Verbs แិแិแាแแ្แាแ់
No phrasal verbs appear in this sentence.
KM៖ แិแแាแ phrasal verb แៅแ្แុแแ្แแោแแេះแกើแ។